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Observation and formation mechanism of stable face-centered-cubic Fe nanorods in carbon nanotubes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

Hansoo Kim ,
Michael J. Kaufman ,
Wolfgang M Sigmund ,
David Jacques  and
Rodney Andrews
Hansoo Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-6400
Michael J. Kaufman
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-6400
Wolfgang M Sigmund*
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-6400
David Jacques
Affiliation:
Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40511-8410
Rodney Andrews
Affiliation:
Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40511-8410
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: wsigm@mse.ufl.edu
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Abstract

The crystallographic structure and orientation of iron nanoparticles present in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was studied when iron was used as a catalyst. It was found that while most of the nanoparticles encapsulated inside the CNTs had the expected α–Fe (body-centered-cubic) phase, a significant number of them formed and retained the γ–Fe (face-centered-cubic) phase that is not the normal bulk phase at room temperature (nor even expected to form at the growth temperature used). It was also found iron particles at the tips of the nanotubes were either α–Fe or cementite (Fe3C). On the basis of these observations and thermodynamics, a mechanism for the formation of these particles and insights into CNT growth is proposed.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 18 , Issue 5 , May 2003 , pp. 1104 - 1108
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2003

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