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Morphology, structure, and nucleation of out-of-phase boundaries (OPBs) in epitaxial films of layered oxides

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

M.A. Zurbuchen ,
W. Tian ,
X.Q. Pan ,
D. Fong ,
S.K. Streiffer ,
M.E. Hawley ,
J. Lettieri ,
Y. Jia ,
G. Asayama  and
S.J. Fulk
...Show all authors
M.A. Zurbuchen*
Affiliation:
Ceramics Division, Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899; and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802-5005
W. Tian
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136
X.Q. Pan
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136
D. Fong
Affiliation:
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, Illinois 60439
S.K. Streiffer
Affiliation:
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, Illinois 60439
M.E. Hawley
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
J. Lettieri
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16803-6602
Y. Jia
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16803-6602
G. Asayama
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16803-6602
S.J. Fulk
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16803-6602
D.J. Comstock
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16803-6602
S. Knapp
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16803-6602
A.H. Carim
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16803-6602
D.G. Schlom
Affiliation:
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16803-6602
*
a)Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: mark_z@mac.comPresent address: Electronics and Photonics Laboratory, The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA 90245.
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Abstract

Out-of-phase boundaries (OPBs) are translation boundary defects characterized by a misregistry of a fraction of a unit cell dimension in neighboring regions of a crystal. Although rarely observed in the bulk, they are common in epitaxial films of complex crystals due to the physical constraint of the underlying substrate and a low degree of structural rearrangement during growth. OPBs can strongly affect properties, but no extensive studies of them are available. The morphology, structure, and nucleation mechanisms of OPBs in epitaxial films of layered complex oxides are presented with a review of published studies and new work. Morphological trends in two families of layered oxide phases are described. The atomic structure at OPBs is presented. OPBs may be introduced into a film during growth via the primary mechanisms that occur at film nucleation (steric, nucleation layer, a-bmisfit, and inclined-cmisfit) or after growth via the secondary nucleation mechanism (crystallographic shear in response to loss of a volatile component). Mechanism descriptions are accompanied by experimental examples. Alternative methods to the direct imaging of OPBs are also presented.

Keywords

EpitaxyFilmTransmission electron microscopy (TEM)
Type
Review
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 22 , Issue 6 , June 2007 , pp. 1439 - 1471
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society2007

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