Whalen, J., “Fentanyl Fueled 21% Jump in Total Drug-Overdose Deaths in Year,” Wall Street Journal, October 26, 2017, available at <https://www.wsj.com/articles/fentanyl-fueled-21-jump-in-total-drug-overdose-deaths-in-year-1509048073> (last visited April 23, 2018).+(last+visited+April+23,+2018).>Google Scholar

“Prince Probe Focuses on Doctors, Black Market Drugs,” Chicago Tribune, October 3, 2016, available at <http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/music/ct-prince-death-investigation-20161003-story.html> (last visited April 23, 2018).+(last+visited+April+23,+2018).>Google Scholar

Drug Enforcement Administration [DEA], Drug and Chemical Evaluation Section, Fentanyl, December 2016, available at <https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drug_chem_info/fentanyl.pdf> (last visited April 23, 2018).+(last+visited+April+23,+2018).>Google Scholar

DEA, “Drug Info: Fentanyl FAQs,” available at <https://www.dea.gov/druginfo/fentanyl-faq.shtml> (last visited April 23, 2018).+(last+visited+April+23,+2018).>Google Scholar

Rosenberg, C., Former Acting Administrator, DEA, keynote address of The Opioid Crisis in Connecticut Conference, Yale Law School, September 29, 2017 [hereinafter Rosenberg Keynote].Google Scholar

Id.; see also Stop the Importation and Trafficking of Synthetic Analogues Act of 2017 Before the H. Subcomm. on Crime, Terrorism, Homeland Security & Investigations, 115th Cong. 9 (2017) (statement of Demetra Ashley, Deputy Assistant Administrator, DEA), available at <https://www.dea.gov/pr/speeches-testimony/2017t/062717t.pdf> (last visited April 23, 2018).+(last+visited+April+23,+2018).>Google Scholar

DEA, “DEA Targets Fentanyl: A Real Threat to Law Enforcement,” June 2016, available at <https://www.dea.gov/druginfo/DEA%20Targets%20Fentanyl%20%20A%20Real%20Threat%20to%20Law%20Enforcement%20(2016).pdf> (last visited April 23, 2018).+(last+visited+April+23,+2018).>Google Scholar

Rosenberg Keynote, supra note 5.Google Scholar

Dodds, P. and Kinetz, E., “Deadly Drug Fentanyl Has Been Tested as Chemical Weapon by Military for Decades,” Global News, October 8, 2016, available at <https://globalnews.ca/news/2991712/deadly-drug-fentanyl-has-been-tested-as-chemical-weapon-by-military-for-decades/> (last visited April 23, 2018).+(last+visited+April+23,+2018).>Google Scholar

DEA, Fentanyl: A Briefing Guide for First Responders, June 2017, at 10, available at <https://www.dea.gov/druginfo/Fentanyl_BriefingGuideforFirstResponders_June2017.pdf> (last visited April 23, 2018).+(last+visited+April+23,+2018).>Google Scholar

Stanley, T.H., “The Fentanyl Story,” Journal of Pain 15, no. 12 (2014): 1215-1226, at 1215.Google Scholar

United States Sentencing Commission [USSC], Public Hearing on Fentanyl, Fentanyl Analogues, and Synthetic Cannabinoids: Testimony of Barry K. Logan, PhD, F-AFBT, NMS Labs, Chief of Forensic Toxicology, December 5, 2017, at 3-4, available at <https://www.ussc.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/amendment-process/public-hearings-and-meetings/20171205/Logan.pdf> (last visited April 23, 2018) [hereinafter USSC Logan Testimony]+(last+visited+April+23,+2018)+[hereinafter+USSC+Logan+Testimony]>Google Scholar

Esposito, L., “Fentanyl: The Scariest Opioid?” U.S. News, June 10, 2016, available at <https://health.usnews.com/health-news/patient-advice/articles/2016-06-10/fentanyl-the-scariest-opioid> (last visited April 23, 2018).+(last+visited+April+23,+2018).>Google Scholar

Then-United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut Deirdre M. Daly and Assistant United States Attorney Robert M. Spector, interview by authors (October 11, 2017).Google Scholar

Office of the Chief Medical Examiner [OCME], Connecticut Accidental Drug Intoxication Deaths, March 1, 2018, available at <http://www.ct.gov/ocme/lib/ocme/AccidentalDrugIntoxication2012-2017.pdf> (last visited May 19, 2018).+(last+visited+May+19,+2018).>Google Scholar

See, e.g., Siemaszko, C., “What Is Gray Death? The Killer Drug Cocktail Is Latest Battle in War Against Opioids,” NBC News, May 5, 2017, available at <https://www.nbcnews.com/story-line/americas-heroin-epidemic/what-gray-death-killer-drug-cocktail-latest-battle-war-against-n755546> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Federal Efforts to Combat the Opioid Crisis: A Status Update on CARA and Other Initiatives Before the H. Comm. on Energy & Commerce, 115th Cong. 4 (2017) (statement of Neil D. Doherty, Deputy Assistant Administrator, DEA), available at < https://www.dea.gov/pr/speeches-testimony/2017t/102517t.pdf> (last visited April 25, 2018) [hereinafter Doherty, Federal Efforts to Combat the Opioid Crisis].+(last+visited+April+25,+2018)+[hereinafter+Doherty,+Federal+Efforts+to+Combat+the+Opioid+Crisis].>Google Scholar

O’Donnell, J.K. et al., “Deaths Involving Fentanyl, Fentanyl Analogs, and U-47700 — 10 States, July–December 2016,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 66 (2017): 1197–1202, available at <https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6643e1.htm> (last visited April 25, 2018).Google Scholar

Drug Policy Alliance, An Overdose Death Is Not Murder: Why Drug-Induced Homicide Laws Are Counterproductive and Inhumane, November 2017, at 17, available at <http://www.drugpolicy.org/sites/default/files/dpa_drug_induced_homicide_report_0.pdf> (last visited April 25, 2018) [hereinafter Drug Policy Alliance].+(last+visited+April+25,+2018)+[hereinafter+Drug+Policy+Alliance].>Google Scholar

DEA, Drugs of Abuse: A DEA Resource Guide (2017 edition), at 40-42, available at <https://www.dea.gov/pr/multimedia-library/publications/drug_of_abuse.pdf> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Personal communication from AUSA Spector to author (RLR) (November 10, 2017). Note that these are rough averages.Google Scholar

Presentation by AUSA Spector to “Law and the Opioid Crisis” Seminar, Yale Law School, September 18, 2017.Google Scholar

Doherty, Federal Efforts to Combat the Opioid Crisis, supra note 17, at 2.Google Scholar

DEA, Fentanyl: A Briefing Guide for First Responders, supra note 10; see also USSC, Public Hearing on Fentanyl, Fentanyl Analogues, and Synthetic Cannabinoids: Testimony of Joseph J. Schleigh, Acting Section Chief, Synthetic Drugs & Chemicals Section, DEA, December 5, 2017, at 3, available at <https://www.ussc.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/amendment-process/public-hearings-and-meetings/20171205/Schleigh.pdf> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

OCME, Accidental Drug Intoxication Deaths, supra note 15.Google Scholar

“Drug Wizard of Wichita,” Newsweek, June 20, 1993, available at <http://www.newsweek.com/drug-wizard-wichita-193682> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Doherty, Federal Efforts to Combat the Opioid Crisis, supra note 17, at 3-4.Google Scholar

B. D. Boyle, Assistant Special Agent in Charge of the New England Field Division, and P. J. Spera, Group Supervisor, DEA, interview by authors (October 25, 2017) [hereinafter Interview with DEA].Google Scholar

Id.Google Scholar

U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Connecticut [USAOCT], “Massive Joint Law Enforcement Operation Dismantles Southeastern Connecticut Heroin And Cocaine Rings,” April 3, 2013, available at <https://www.justice.gov/usao-ct/pr/massive-joint-law-enforcement-operation-dismantles-southeastern-connecticut-heroin-and> (last visited April 25, 2018); USAO-CT, “DEA Task Force Investigation Dismantles Hartford-Based Heroin and Fentanyl Distribution Ring,” June 29, 2017, available at <https://www.justice.gov/usao-ct/pr/dea-task-force-investigation-dismantles-hartford-based-heroin-and-fentanyl-distribution> (last visited April 25, 2018); USAO-CT, “DEA Task Force Takes Down Fentanyl Distribution Ring,” May 19, 2016, available at <https://www.justice.gov/usao-ct/pr/dea-task-force-takes-down-fentanyl-distribution-ring> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018);+USAO-CT,+“DEA+Task+Force+Investigation+Dismantles+Hartford-Based+Heroin+and+Fentanyl+Distribution+Ring,”+June+29,+2017,+available+at++(last+visited+April+25,+2018);+USAO-CT,+“DEA+Task+Force+Takes+Down+Fentanyl+Distribution+Ring,”+May+19,+2016,+available+at++(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

“Branford Police Seize 8 Kilograms of Narcotics from Ohio Man,” New Haven Register, July 13, 2017, available at <http://www.nhregister.com/connecticut/article/Branford-Policeseize-8-kilograms-of-narcotics-11729634.php> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Fry, E., “Feds: California Man Arranged Massive Fentanyl Shipment Seized In Derby,” Valley Independent Sentinel, September 28, 2017, available at <http://valley.newhavenindependent.org/archives/entry/feds_california_man_arranged_massive_fentanyl_shipment_seized_in_derby/> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Fentanyl: The Next Wave of the Opioid Crisis Before the H. Subcomm. on Oversight & Investigations, 115th Cong. 5 (2017) (statement of Louise D. Milione, Assistant Administrator, DEA), available at <https://www.dea.gov/pr/speeches-testimony/2017t/032117t.pdf> (last visited April 25, 2018) [hereinafter Milione, The Next Wave of the Opioid Crisis].+(last+visited+April+25,+2018)+[hereinafter+Milione,+The+Next+Wave+of+the+Opioid+Crisis].>Google Scholar

“Dark web” opioid dealer Peter Ceplenski, for instance, had shipped fentanyl powder to an individual to press into pills, but the pills Ceplenski received in return contained no controlled substances at all. Another package Ceplenski believed to contain amphetamine pills were actually methamphetamine, and yet another package he ordered—containing what “appeared to be 61 oxycodone tablets”—contained heroin, not oxycodone. USAO-CT, “Essex Man Admits to Using Dark Web to Buy and Sell Drugs,” January 8, 2018, available at <https://www.justice.gov/usao-ct/pr/essex-man-admits-using-dark-web-buy-and-sell-drugs> (last visited April 25, 2018); N. Rondinone, “Essex Man Caught With Prescriptions Guilty In Dark Web Drug Probe,” Hartford Courant, January 11, 2018, available at <http://www.courant.com/breaking-news/hc-br-federal-dark-web-drug-plea-essex-20180110-story.html> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018);+N.+Rondinone,+“Essex+Man+Caught+With+Prescriptions+Guilty+In+Dark+Web+Drug+Probe,”+Hartford+Courant,+January+11,+2018,+available+at++(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Stopping the Shipment of Synthetic Opioids: Oversight of U.S. Strategy to Combat Illicit Drugs Before S. Subcomm. on Investigations, 115th Cong. (statement of Robert Perez, Customs and Border Protection, Executive Assistant Comm’r for Operations Support), available at <https://www.dhs.gov/news/2017/05/25/written-testimony-cbp-senate-homeland-security-and-governmental-affairs-permanent> (last visited April 25, 2018) [hereinafter Perez Statement].+(last+visited+April+25,+2018)+[hereinafter+Perez+Statement].>Google Scholar

Personal communication from AUSA Spector to author (RLR) (November 29, 2017); id. (August 29, 2017); see also Plea Agreement at 10, USA v. Cirino, No. 3:17-cr-00250-JCH (D. Conn. Nov. 16, 2017); “Hamden Man Distributed Fentanyl Disguised as Oxycodone,” New Haven Register, November 17, 2017, available at <http://www.nhregister.com/news/article/Hamden-man-distributed-fentanyl-disguised-as-12363856.php> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs [DOJ OPA], “Justice Department Announces First Ever Indictments Against Designated Chinese Manufacturers of Deadly Fentanyl and Other Opiate Substances,” October 17, 2017, available at <https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-announces-first-ever-indictments-against-designated-chinese-manufacturers> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Id.Google Scholar

Milione, Fentanyl: The Next Wave of the Opioid Crisis, supra note 33, at 3.Google Scholar

DOJ, DAG Rod Rosenstein, J., “Remarks on Enforcement Actions to Stop Deadly Fentanyl and Other Opiate Substances from Entering the United States,” October 17, 2017, available at <https://www.justice.gov/opa/speech/deputy-attorney-general-rod-j-rosenstein-delivers-remarks-enforcement-actions-stop-deadly> (last visited April 25, 2018) [hereinafter Rosenstein, “Remarks on Enforcement Actions”].+(last+visited+April+25,+2018)+[hereinafter+Rosenstein,+“Remarks+on+Enforcement+Actions”].>Google Scholar

DOJ OPA, “Justice Department Announces First Ever Indictments Against Designated Chinese Manufacturers of Deadly Fentanyl and Other Opiate Substances,” October 17, 2017, available at <https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-announces-first-ever-indictments-against-designated-chinese-manufacturers> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

USAO-CT, “West Hartford Man Admits Importing Pill Press from China to Make Fake Oxycodone Pills Containing Heroin,” August 30, 2017, available at <https://www.justice.gov/usao-ct/pr/west-hartford-man-admits-importing-pill-press-china-make-fake-oxycodone-pills-containing> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Popper, N., “Opioid Dealers Embrace the Dark Web to Send Deadly Drugs by Mail,” New York Times, June 10, 2017, available at <https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/10/business/dealbook/opioid-dark-web-drug-overdose.html> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Sentencing Memorandum by USA at 1, USA v. Peterson, No. 3:16-cr-00109-SRU (D. Conn. July 15, 2015).Google Scholar

Id. at 5.Google Scholar

Judgment at 1, Peterson (D. Conn. Sept. 8, 2017).Google Scholar

Doherty, Federal Efforts to Combat the Opioid Crisis, supra note 17, at 8.Google Scholar

DEA, Public Affairs, “DEA Schedules Deadly Synthetic Drug U-47700,” November 10, 2016, available at <https://www.dea.gov/divisions/hq/2016/hq111016.shtml> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs, “Department of Justice Announces Significant Tool in Prosecuting Opioid Traffickers in Emergency Scheduling of All Fentanyls,” November 9, 2017, available at <https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/department-justice-announces-significant-tool-prosecuting-opioid-traffickers-emergency> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Fentanyl-Related Substances in Schedule I, 83 Fed. Reg. 5188 (Feb. 6, 2018) (to be codified at 21 C.F.R. pt. 1308), available at <https://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/fed_regs/rules/2018/fr0206_4.htm> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Rosenstein, “Remarks on Enforcement Actions,” supra note 40; see also USSC, Public Hearing on Fentanyl, Fentanyl Analogues, and Synthetic Cannabinoids: Testimony of Michael L. Van Linn, PhD, Drug Science Specialist, Drug & Chemical Evaluation Section, DEA, December 5, 2017, available at <https://www.ussc.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/amendment-process/public-hearings-and-meetings/20171205/Van-Linn.pdf> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

21 U.S.C. § 813 (2012).Google Scholar

See McFadden v. United States, 135 S. Ct. 2298 (2015) (setting forth multi-pronged, complicated mens rea requirements for conviction).Google Scholar

21 U.S.C. §§ 802(32), 813 (2012).Google Scholar

USSC, Proposed Amendments to the Sentencing Guidelines 16-18, January 26, 2018, available at <https://www.ussc.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/amendment-process/reader-friendly-amendments/20180125_rf_proposed.pdf> (last visited April 25, 2018); see also USSC, Synthetic Drugs Data Briefing, January 31, 2018, available at <https://www.ussc.gov/education/videos/synthetic-drugs-data-briefing> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018);+see+also+USSC,+Synthetic+Drugs+Data+Briefing,+January+31,+2018,+available+at++(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Jiang, S., “China Says US Not Doing Enough To Cut Demand for Opioids,” CNN, December 28, 2017, available at <http://www.cnn.com/2017/12/28/asia/china-drugs-us-intl/index.html> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Spegele, B., “China Moves to Keep Its Deadly Opioids Out of U.S.,” Wall Street Journal, February 16, 2017, available at <https://www.wsj.com/articles/china-moves-to-keep-its-deadly-opioids-out-of-u-s-1487241189> (last visited April 25, 2018); Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs, “Attorney General Sessions Applauds China for Restricting Two Fentanyl Precursors,” January 5, 2018, available at <https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/attorney-general-sessions-applauds-china-restricting-two-fentanyl-precursors> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018);+Department+of+Justice,+Office+of+Public+Affairs,+“Attorney+General+Sessions+Applauds+China+for+Restricting+Two+Fentanyl+Precursors,”+January+5,+2018,+available+at++(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Interview with DEA, supra note 28.Google Scholar

Spegele, B. and Whalen, J., “The Chinese Connection Fueling America’s Fentanyl Crisis,” Wall Street Journal, June 23, 2016, available at <https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-chinese-connection-fueling-americas-fentanyl-crisis-1466618934> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

O’Connor, S., “Fentanyl: China’s Deadly Export to the United States,” U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, February 1, 2017, available at <https://www.uscc.gov/sites/default/files/Research/USCC%20Staff%20Report_Fentanyl-China%E2%80%99s%20Deadly%20Export%20to%20the%20United%20States020117.pdf> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

USSC, Public Hearing on Fentanyl, Fentanyl Analogues, and Synthetic Cannabinoids: Testimony of Robert E. Perez, Acting Executive Assistant Commissioner, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, December 5, 2017, at 1, available at <https://www.ussc.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/amendment-process/public-hearings-and-meetings/20171205/Perez.pdf> (last visited April 25, 2018) [hereinafter USSC Perez Testimony].+(last+visited+April+25,+2018)+[hereinafter+USSC+Perez+Testimony].>Google Scholar

Id. at 7-8.Google Scholar

Id at 8.Google Scholar

Rath, A., “Lethal Opiates Delivered By Mail From China, Killing Addicts In The U.S.,” NPR, March 11, 2017, available at <http://www.npr.org/2017/03/11/519649096/can-china-banon-deadly-opioid-save-lives-in-the-u-s> (last visited April 25, 2018). Whether this is even necessary is far from clear. USAOCT sees the USPS as one of its greatest partners, despite the difficulties inherent in tracking small, mislabeled packages arriving by way of various countries. Presentation by AUSA Spector to “Law and the Opioid Crisis” Seminar, Yale Law School, September 18, 2017. See also Popper, supra note 43.+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).+Whether+this+is+even+necessary+is+far+from+clear.+USAOCT+sees+the+USPS+as+one+of+its+greatest+partners,+despite+the+difficulties+inherent+in+tracking+small,+mislabeled+packages+arriving+by+way+of+various+countries.+Presentation+by+AUSA+Spector+to+“Law+and+the+Opioid+Crisis”+Seminar,+Yale+Law+School,+September+18,+2017.+See+also+Popper,+supra+note+43.>Google Scholar

Portman, R., United States Senator for Ohio, Press Releases, “Portman, Klobuchar, Rubio, Hassan Introduce Legislation to Address Overdose Spike From Synthetic Opioids,” November 14, 2017, available at <https://www.portman.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/2017/2/portman-klobuchar-rubio-hassan-introduce-legislation-to-address-overdose-spike-from-synthetic-opioids> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Rubio, M., United States Senator for Florida, Press Releases, “Rubio, Colleagues Introduce Bipartisan Legislation to Help Reduce Flow of Illicit Fentanyl into U.S.,” March 23, 2017, available at <https://www.rubio.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/press-releases?ID=825B5302-CB0A-451B-B4CE-2A59D258DEE2> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Hearing on Drug Trafficking and Security Standards Used by the U.S. Postal Service and Private Carriers Before the H. Subcomm. on Gov’t Operations, 115th Cong. 3 (2017) (statement of Guy Cottrell, Chief Postal Inspector, United States Postal Inspection Service), available at <https://about.usps.com/news/testimony/2017/pr17_cpi0907.pdf> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

USSC Perez Testimony, supra note 61, at 3. Recently, an investigation headed by the USPS and DEA led to a guilty plea by a Connecticut man, who had used the dark web to buy and sell various opioids, supra note 34.Google Scholar

Perez Statement, supra note 35.Google Scholar

Id.Google Scholar

Id.Google Scholar

Id.Google Scholar

USSC Perez Testimony, supra note 61, at 6.Google Scholar

Areddy, J. T. and Dou, E., “China Plays Down Role in U.S. Opioid Crisis Ahead of Trump’s Visit,” Wall Street Journal, November 3, 2017, available at <https://www.wsj.com/articles/china-plays-down-role-in-u-s-opioid-crisis-ahead-of-trumps-visit-1509708703> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

McLaughlin, K., “Underground Labs in China are Devising Potent New Opiates Faster Than Authorities Can Respond,” Science, March 29, 2017, available at <http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/03/underground-labs-china-are-devising-potent-new-opiates-faster-authorities-can-respond> (last visited April 25, 2018).CrossRef+(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Popper, N. and Ruiz, R. R., “2 Leading Online Black Markets Are Shut Down by Authorities,” New York Times, July 20, 2017, available at <https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/20/business/dealbook/alphabay-dark-web-opioids.html> (last visited April 25, 2018) (statement of former Acting Director of the FBI Andrew McCabe).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018)+(statement+of+former+Acting+Director+of+the+FBI+Andrew+McCabe).>Google Scholar

Drug Policy Alliance, supra note 19, at 16.Google Scholar

Torralva, K., “Fentanyl Dealers Can Face Life Sentence or Death in Overdose Cases with New Florida Law,” Orlando Sentinel, October 6, 2017, available at <http://www.orlandosentinel.com/health/addiction-recovery/os-prosecuting-fentanyl-overdoses-as-murders-20170926-story.html> (last visited April 25, 2018); E. Brico, “I Nearly Died of a Drug Overdose: Would That Make My Dealer a Murderer?” Politico, January 25, 2018, available at <https://www.politico. com/magazine/story/2018/01/25/drug-induced-homicide-laws-former-heroin-addict-216507> (last visited April 25, 2018).+(last+visited+April+25,+2018);+E.+Brico,+“I+Nearly+Died+of+a+Drug+Overdose:+Would+That+Make+My+Dealer+a+Murderer?”+Politico,+January+25,+2018,+available+at++(last+visited+April+25,+2018).>Google Scholar

Binder, G., Fissell, B. and Weisberg, R., “Capital Punishment of Unintentional Felony Murder,” Notre Dame Law Review 92, no. 3 (2017): 1141-1214.Google Scholar

Fla. Stat. § 782.04(1)(a)(3)-(4) (2017).Google Scholar