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8 Idem, ‘The Gaelic Athletic Association and popular culture, 1884-1924’ in Oliver MacDonagh, W. F. Mandle and Pauric Travers (eds), Irish culture and nationalism, 1750-1950 (Dublin, 1983), p. 111.

9 ‘Ibid., pp 112-13.

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11 Ibid., p. 221. It was also the G.A.A.’s role as a bastion of political nationalism that was highlighted by reviewers of Mandle’s book: see, for example, the review by O’Farrell, Patrick in Sporting Traditions, v (1989), pp 238–41Google Scholar.

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21 Rouse, Paul, ‘The politics of culture and sport in Ireland: a history of the G.A.A. ban on foreign games, 1884—1971. Pt I: 1884—1921’ in International Journal of the History of Sport, x, no. 3 (Dec. 1993), p. 333.Google Scholar

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30 I.F.A. Emergency Committee minute book, 1909-43 (P.R.O.N.I., D/4196/N/1).

31 LEA. Protests and Appeals Committee minute book, 1909-14 (ibid., D/4196/K/1).

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35 Freeman’s Journal, 30 July 1885.

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41 Vamplew, Wray, ‘Sport and industrialization: an economic interpretation of the changes in popular sport in nineteenth-century England’ in Mangan, J. A. (ed.), Pleasure, profit, proselytism: British culture and sport at home and abroad, 1700-1914 (London, 1988), pp 7–9.Google Scholar

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44 Maurice Davin, a farmer, athlete, and the first president of the G.A.A., also noted that Saturday was the principal market day in most rural areas (Freeman’s Journal, 3 Dec. 1885).

45 The Sunday Observance Act of 1695 (7 Will. III, c. 17 [Ire.]) was still in force, and was occasionally referred to in the press (for example, Down Recorder, 3 Jan. 1891). For the opposition to Sunday play in soccer circles see Ireland’s Saturday Night, 20 Aug. 1898, 14 May 1904; Sport, 21 May 1904.

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68 Ulster Football and Cycling News, 21 Oct. 1892.

69 I.R.F.U., Northern Branch, minute book, 1902-7 (P.R.O.N.I., D/3867/A/3); Northern Whig, 17 Apr. 1905.

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78 See above, p. 68.

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