Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-42gr6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-19T19:59:11.927Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Proverbial Wisdom of a Georgian Language Island in Iran

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2022

Tea Shurgaia
Tea Shurgaia*
Affiliation:
Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The Georgian language island in Iran is not yet on the radar of international scholars. Studies by Georgian scholars have mostly focused on linguistic, ethnologic and historic issues concerning the Georgian community living in Isfahan province; no paremiological approach has been undertaken. This article is based on the analysis of Fereydani proverbs recorded from 1968 to 2014. Study reveals that the proverbs used by the Georgians of the Fereydan region in their mother tongue are: proverbs translated from Persian; proverbs of Georgian origin and proverbs existing in both Persian and Georgian paremiological funds. Archaic Georgian vocabulary preserved in proverbs is also considered. This paper highlights the need for a deeper paremiological approach to the proverbs of the Fereydani Georgians.

Keywords

Georgian ProverbsPersian ProverbsIranian GeorgiansFereydunshahr
Type
Georgian language islands in Fereydanshahr in Isfahan
Information
Iranian Studies , Volume 53 , Issue 3-4: Commemorating Ehsan Yarshater Endangered Iranian Languages: Language Contact and Language Islands in Iran , August 2020 , pp. 551 - 571
Copyright
Copyright © Association For Iranian Studies, Inc 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abrishami, Ahmad. Farhang-e novīn-e maṯalhā-ye Fārsī. Tehrān: Zīvār, 1997.Google Scholar
Aghniashvili, Vladimer (Lado). Sparset’i da ik’auri k’art’velebi. Tbilisi: k’art’velt’a cignis gamomc’emeli amxanagobis stamba, 1896.Google Scholar
Andronikashvili, Mzia. Narkvevebi iranul-k’art’uli enobrivi urt’iert’obidan [Studies in Iranian-Georgian linguistic contacts], I. Tbilisi: TSU gamomcemloba, 1966; including summaries in Russian and English.Google Scholar
Bahmanyari, Ahmad. Dāstān-nāme-ye Bahmanyārī. Tehrān: Entešārāt-e dānešgāh-e Tehrān, Mehrmāh-e, 1361/1982.Google Scholar
Bartaia, Nomadi. Sak’art’velo da irani: Uprec’edento urt’ert’obat’a 20 celi. Tbilisi: Universali, 2013.Google Scholar
Chelidze, Ambako. P’ereidneli k’art’velebi. Tbilisi: Sabčot’a mcerali, 1951.Google Scholar
Chichinadze, Zakaria. K’art’velebi sparset’ši da sak’art’veloši mosuli sparseli k’art’veli at’am onikašvili. Tbilisi: M.E. Xelaże, 1895.Google Scholar
Chikobava, Arnold. “Qe nacilaki p’ereidnulši da misi mnišvneloba gramatika-logikis t’valsazrisit.” In Kart’uli samec’niero sazogadoebis celicdeuli, I-II, 1923-1924 (Tbilisi: Georgian Society for Linguistics, 1925), 32–68.Google Scholar
Chkhubianishvili, Darejan. Saenat’mec’niero cerilebi: P’ereidnuli tek’stebi lek’sikonit. Tbilisi: TSU gamomc’emloba, 2012.Google Scholar
Chkhubianishvili, Darejan, and Giunashvili, Helen. “Iranizmebis kvlevis zogiert’i sakit’xisat’vis p’ereidnulši.” Paper presented at the academic session of dialectologists of Georgia, Telavi, October 24–25, 1997.Google Scholar
Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar. Amṯāl va ḥekam. 4 vols., 4th ed. Tehrān: Amīr Kabīr, 1357/1978.Google Scholar
Gotsiridze, George. K’orcineba p’ereidnel k’art’velebši. Tbilisi: Mec’niereba, 1987.Google Scholar
Gugunani, Sa’id. Āḵôreh (‘Alīa) ḵalaf-e qahastejān. Pīšīney-e tārīḵī, joğrāfīā’ī, ejtemā’ī, eqtesādī va farhangī-e Fereydūnšahr tā enqelāb-e eslāmī. Fereydūnšahr: mô’lef, 1393/2014.Google Scholar
Gvakharia, Alexandre, and Todua, Magali, eds. Visramiani [The old Georgian translation of the Persian poem Vīs ô Rāmīn], text, notes and glossary. Tbilisi: Sak’art’velos ssr mec’nierebat’a akademiis gamomc’emloba, 1962.Google Scholar
Heydari, Gorji, ‘Abdolali. Tārīḵ-e gorjīhā-ye īrān. Tehrān: Negāh-e bīneh, 1389/2010.Google Scholar
Kazemzadeh, Hamed. “The Latest Status of Linguistic and Geographic Dispersion of Iranian Georgians.” Pro Georgia, no. 23 (2013): 255–261.Google Scholar
Lauhakangas, Outi. “Categorization of Proverbs.” In Introduction to Paremiology: A Comprehensive Guide to Proverb Studies, ed. Hrisztova-Gotthardt, Hrisztalina and Varga, Melita Aleksa, 49–67. Berlin: de Gruyter, 2015.Google Scholar
Lauhakangas, Outi. “Use of Proverbs and Narrative Thought.” Folklore, Electronic Journal of Folklore 35 (2007): 77–85. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/FEJF2007.35.lauhakangasCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lejava, Lia, AppolonTsanava, Mikheil Chikovani, and Bardavelidze, Jondo, Xalxuri sibrżne. Andazebi, maxvilsitqvaoba, gamoc’anebi. Vol. V. Tbilisi: Nakaduli, 1965.Google Scholar
Metreveli, Levan. K’art’uli andazebi cinatqmit. Tbilisi: G.G., 1926.Google Scholar
Mieder, Wolfgang. Proverbs. A Handbook. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2004.Google Scholar
Mieder, Wolfgang. “Popular Views of the Proverb.” Proverbium 2 (1985): 109–143.Google Scholar
Muliani, Sa’id. Jāygāh-e gorjīhā dar tārīḵ va farhang va tammaddon-e īrān. Eṣfāhān: Yektā, 1379/2000.Google Scholar
Orbeliani, Sulkhan-Saba. Lek’sikoni k’art’uli. 2 vols. Tbilisi: Merani, 1991.Google Scholar
Qalani, Nasrin. Pesv (goḏarī mardom-šenāḵtī bar gorjīān-e īrān). Eṣfāhān: Golbon, 1389/2010.Google Scholar
Rahimi, Malek-Mohammad. Tarīḵ-e sīāsī va ejtema’ī-e gorjestān dar rābet-e bā īrān. Eṣfāhān: Yektā, 1389/2010.Google Scholar
Rahimi Fereydūnšahrī, Malek-Mohammad. Gorjītabārān-e e īrān dar mīān-e amvāj-e ṭūfānhā ta nabard dar tsiḵe. Eṣfāhān: mô’lef, 1394/2015.Google Scholar
Rezvani, Babak. “The Fereydani Georgian Representation of Identity and Narration of History.” Anthropology of the Middle East 4, no. 2 (Winter 2009): 52–74. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ame.2009.040205CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sakhokia, Tedo. Kart’uli andazebi. Tbilisi: ganat’leba, 1967.Google Scholar
Sepiani, Mohammad. Dībāče-ī bar tārīḵ va joğrāfīa-ye šahrestān Fereydūnšahr. Qom: Īdeh gostar, 1390/2011.Google Scholar
Sepiani, Mohammad. Īrānīān-e gorjī. Eṣfāhān: Ketābforūšī-e āraš, tīrmāḥ-e, 1358/1979.Google Scholar
Sepiani, Ruhollah. Gūše-gūše-ye zādgāh-e gorjīan-e īrān (vajh-e tasmīeh-e joğrāfīā-ye ṭabī’ī manāṭeq-e gorjī-nešīn). Fereydūnšahr: mo’alef, 1395/2016.Google Scholar
Sharashenidze, Zurab. Axali masalebi p’ereidneli k’art’velebis šesaxeb. Tbilisi: Mec’niereba, 1969.Google Scholar
Sharashenidze, Zurab. P’ereidneli “gurjebi.” Tbilisi: Mec’niereba, 1979.Google Scholar
Shokurzadeh Boluri, Ebrahim. Dah hezār maṯal-e Fārsī va bist ô panj hezār mo’ādel-e ānhā. Mašhad: Mo’assese-ye čāp va entešār-e āstān-e Qods-e rażavī, 1372/1993.Google Scholar
Shurgaia, Tea. “Sparsuli paremiograp’ia da sparsuli andazis semantikuri struk’tura” [Persian paremiography and semantic structure of Persian proverbs]. PhD diss., Tbilisi State University, 2004.Google Scholar
Shurgaia, Tea. “General Review of Persian Paremiography.” Proverbium 22 (2005): 381–396.Google Scholar
Shurgaia, Tea. “Regional Dialogue’ through Proverbs (According to Persian, Georgian and Armenian Proverbs).” The Near East and Georgia VIII (2014): 133–140.Google Scholar
Shvarc, Jeduard. K istorii izuchenija fol'klora Irana. Dushanbe: Donish, 1974.Google Scholar
Todua, Magali, and Gvakharia, Aexandre, eds. Vīs ô Rāmīn az Faḵr ad-dīn As’adī Gorgānī, taṣḥīḥ-e Māgāli Todūā va Aleksander Gwāḵarīā. Tehrān: entešarāt-e bonīād-e farhag-e īrān, 1349/1970.Google Scholar
Todua, Magali, and Machavariani, Maia. “P’ereidnuli.” In Magali Todua, K’art’ul-sparsuli etiudebi, II: 29–130. Tbilisi: Mec’niereba, 1975.Google Scholar
Topuria, Varlam. “Nimušebi p’ereydanis k’art’uli enisa.” Lomisi, December 17, 1922.Google Scholar
Umikashvili, Petre. Xalxuri sit’qviereba, lek’sebi, andazebi, gamoc’anebi, I. Tbilisi: P’ederac’ia, 1937.Google Scholar
Zolfaghari, Hassan. Farhang-e bozorg-e żarb-ol-maṯalhāy-e fārsī (maṯalhāy-e fārsī-e aqvām-e īrānī va kešvarhāy-e fārsī zabān). Tehrān: entešārāt-e Mo’īn, 1388/2009.Google Scholar