Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-x24gv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-20T23:48:07.557Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Gain-enhanced triple-band rectifier-integrated antenna for microwave wireless power transmission

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 September 2023

Geriki Polaiah Open the ORCID record for Geriki Polaiah [Opens in a new window]
Geriki Polaiah*
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Bharat Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
*
Email: polaiah@biet.ac.in
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This paper proposes a triple-band fractal slot antenna with enhanced gain operating at frequencies of 2.7, 3.5, and 4.8 GHz for microwave wireless power transmission. The antenna achieved more than 3 dB gain by preserving the symmetrical defected reflector structure behind it at a length of 0.54λ/4, where λ is the wavelength in free space at 2.7 GHz. A 50 Ω micro-strip line coupled at 66 mm length helps feed the triple band slot antenna. The purpose of a triple-band rectifier circuit with an impedance network is to convert the radio frequency (RF) signal into direct current. The measurements reveal that the antenna’s enhanced gain is 8.8 dB, and the rectifier’s highest RF signal to direct current conversion efficiency is 74.3%. For the combined configuration unit of measure, the antenna is assimilated into the rectifier via back-to-back 50 Ω Sub Miniature Version A (SMA) connectors. The highest recorded efficiency of 49.67% was obtained for the rectenna at optimum values of 1 kΩ resistive load and −5 dBm power input. It has been revealed that the rectifier-integrated antenna presented is effective for low-input RF energy capture and power transmission.

Keywords

defected reflector structureenhanced gainfractal slot antennarectennavoltage doubler rectifierwireless power transfer
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , First View , pp. 1 - 11
Check for updates
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with the European Microwave Association

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Shinohara, N (1964) Wireless Power Transfer via Radiowaves. Hoboken New Jersey: Wiley.Google Scholar
Niotaki, K, Kim, S, Jeong, S, Collado, A, Georgiadis, A and Tentzeris, MM (2013) A compact dual-band rectenna using slot-loaded dual band folded dipole antenna. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propagation Letters 12, 1634–1637.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sun, H, Guo, YX, Miao, H and Zhong, Z (2013) A dual-band rectenna using broadband yagi antenna array for ambient rf power harvesting. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propagation Letters 12, 918–921.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aboualalaa, M, Rahman, AB, Allam, A, Elsadek, H and Pokharel, RK (2017) Design of a dual-band microstrip antenna with enhanced gain for energy harvesting applications. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propagation Letters 16, 1622–1626.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuhn, V, Lahuec, C, Seguin, F and Person, C. (2015). A multi-band stacked rf energy harvester with rf-to-dc efficiency up to 84%. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 63(5), 1768–1777.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Song, C, Huang, Yi, Carter, P, Zhou, J, Yuan, S, Qian, X and Kod, M (2016) A novel six-band dual cp rectenna using improved impedance matching technique for ambient rf energy harvesting. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 64(7), 3160–3171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shen, S, Chiu, CY and Murchg, RD (2017) A dual-port triple-band L-probe microstrip patch rectenna for ambient rf energy harvesting. IEEE Antennas Wireless Propagation Letters 16, 3071–3074.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khemar, A, Kacha, A, Takhedmit, H and Abib, G (2017) Design and experiments of a dual-band rectenna for ambient RF energy harvesting in urban environments. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 12(1), 49–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chandrasekaran, KT, Agarwal, K, Nasimuddin, AA, Mittra, R and Karim, MF (2020) Compact dual-band metamaterial-based high-efficiency rectenna. The IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine 62 (3), 18–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, M, Fan, Y, Yang, L, Li, Y, Feng, J and Shi, Y (2019) Compact dual-band rectenna for RF energy harvest based on a tree-like antenna. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 13(9), 1350–1357.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ahmed, S, Zakaria, Z, Husain, MN, Ibrahim, IM and Alhegazi, A (2017) Efficient feeding geometries for rectenna design at 2.45 GHz. Electronics Letters 53(24), 1585–1587.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shi, Y, Fan, Y, Li, Y, Yang, L and Wang, M (2019) An efficient broadband slotted rectenna for wireless power transfer at LTE band. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 67(2), 814–822.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kamoda, H, Kitazawa, S, Kukutsu, N and Kobayashi, K (2015) Loop antenna over artificial magnetic conductor surface and its application to dual-band rf energy harvesting. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 63(10), 4408–4417.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Palazzi, V, Hester, J, Bito, J, Alimenti, F, Kalialakis, C, Collado, A, Mezzanotte, P, Georgiadis, A, Palazzi, L, Roselli, L and Tentzeris, MM (2018) A novel ultra-lightweight multiband rectenna on paper for rf energy harvesting in the next generation LTE bands. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 66(1), 366–379.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, J, Zhang, XY and Yang, CL (2018) Analysis and design of dual-band rectifier using novel matching network. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 65(4), 431–435.Google Scholar
Huang, M, Lin, YL, Ou, JH, Zhang, XY, Lin, QW, Che, W and Xue, Q (2019) Single and dual-band rf rectifiers with extended input power range using automatic impedance transforming. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 67(5), 1974–1984.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Du, ZX and Zhang, XY (2018) High-efficiency single and dual-band rectifiers using a complex impedance compression network for wireless power transfer. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 65(6), 5012–5022.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, Z, Zhong, Z and Guo, YX (2015) Enhanced dual-band ambient rf energy harvesting with ultra-wide power range. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 25(9), 630–632.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, J, Zhang, XY and Xue, Q (2019) Dual-band transmission-line resistance compression network and its application to rectifiers. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 66(1), 119–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, J and Zhang, XY (2018) Compact triple-band rectifier for ambient rf energy harvesting application. IEEE Access 6, 19018–19024.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Song, C, Huang, Y, Zhou, J and Carter, P (2017) Improved ultrawideband rectennas using hybrid resistance compression technique. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 65(4), 2057–2062.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mansour, MM and Kanaya, H (2018) Compact and broadband rf rectifier with 1.5 octave bandwidth based on a simple pair of L-section matching network. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 28(4), 335–337.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wu, P, Huang, SY, Zhou, W, Yu, W, Liu, Z, Chen, X and Liu, C (2019) Compact high-efficiency broadband rectifier with multi stage transmission line matching. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 66(8), 1316–1320.Google Scholar
Ou, JH, Zheng, SY, Andrenko, AS, Li, Y and Tan, HZ (2018) Novel time-domain schottky diode modeling for microwave rectifier designs. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 65(4), 1234–1244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mansour, MM and Kanaya, H (2019) High-efficient broadband cpw rf rectifier for wireless energy harvesting. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 29(4), 288–290.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sun, H, Zhong, Z and Guo, YX (2013) An adaptive reconfigurable rectifier for wireless power transmission. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 23(9), 492–494.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ngo, T, Huang, AD and Guo, YX (2019) Analysis and design of a reconfigurable rectifier circuit for wireless power transfer. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 66(9), 7089–7098.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huang, Y, Shinohara, N and Mitani, T (2014) A constant efficiency of rectifying circuit in an extremely wide load range. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 62(4), 986–993.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lin, YL, Zhang, XY, Du, ZX and Lin, QW (2018) High efficiency microwave rectifier with extended operating bandwidth. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 65(7), 819–823.Google Scholar
Wu, P, Huang, SY, Zhou, W, Ren, ZH, Huang, ZLLK and Liu, C (2018) High-efficient rectifier with extended input power range based on self-tuning impedance matching. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 28(12), 1116–1118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Choi, J, Xu, SJ, Makhoul, R and Davila, JMR. (2019). Implementing an impedance compression network to compensate for misalignments in a wireless power transfer system. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 34(5), 4173–4184.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Xu, J and Ricketts, DS (2013) An efficient, watt-level microwave rectifier using an impedance compression network (icn) with applications in outphasing energy recovery systems. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 23(10), 542–544.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lu, P, Yang, XS and Wang, BZ (2018) Robust rectifying circuits with FET Shunt mounted voltage doubler rectifier. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 28(3), 224–226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huang, Y, Shinohara, N and Mitani, T (2017) Impedance matching in wireless power transfer. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 65(2), 582–590.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, C, Shinohara, N and Mitani, T (2017) Study on 5.8-ghz single-stage charge pump rectifier for internal wireless system of satellite. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 65(4), 1058–1065.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, Q, Ou, JH, Wu, Z and Tan, HZ (2018) Novel microwave rectifier optimizing method and its application in rectenna designs. IEEE Access 6, 53557–53565.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shieh, S and Kamarei, M (2018) Transient input impedance modeling of rectifiers for rf energy harvesting applications. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 65(3), 311–315.Google Scholar
Wu, P, Huang, SY, Zhou, W and Liu, C (2018) One octave bandwidth rectifier with a frequency selective diode array. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 28(11), 1008–1010.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pardue, CA, Davis, AK, Bellaredj, MLF, Amir, MF, Mukhopadhyay, S and Swaminathan, M (2018) Reverse power delivery network for wireless power transfer. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 28(7), 624–626.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhao, F, Li, Z, Wen, G, Li, J, Inserra, D and Huang, Y (2019) A compact high-efficiency watt-level microwave rectifier with a novel harmonic termination network. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 29(6), 418–420.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, H Guo, YX, Zhong, Z and Wu, W (2019) Cooperative integration of rf energy harvesting and dedicated WPT for wireless sensor networks. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 29(4), 291–293.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, X and Mortazawi, A (2019) Rectifier array with adaptive power distribution for wide dynamic range rf-dc conversion. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 67(1), 392–401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Geriki Polaiah, KK and Kulkarni, M (2021) Triple-band modified square slotted antenna with enhanced gain for RF energy harvesting IEEE Madras Section Conference (MASCON) Chennai, India. .Google Scholar
Chang, TH and Kiang, JF. (2013). Compact multi-band H-shaped slot antenna. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 61(8), 4345–4349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skyworks Solutions Inc. (2018) SMS7630-079LF Schottky diode Datasheet Skyworks solutions.Google Scholar