Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-wg55d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-05-04T16:21:55.855Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Suicide attempts and job insecurity: a complex association

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

F Chastang ,
P Rioux ,
I Dupont ,
E Baranger ,
V Kovess  and
E Zariflan
F Chastang*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry
P Rioux
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry
I Dupont
Affiliation:
Emergency Department
E Baranger
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital, 50100 Saint-Lo, France
V Kovess
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health, Caen University Hospital, 14033, Caen
E Zariflan
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry
*
*Correspondence and reprints: Centre Esquirol, CHU Côte de Nacre, 14033 Caen cedex, France.
Get access

Summary

Objective:

Since Durkheim, epidemiological studies have revealed a significant, complex association between unemployment and suicidal behaviour. The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between parasuicide and job instability, including unemployment, French social measures against unemployment and occasional work.

Method:

Demographic data, personal and familial characteristics were collected in 541 suicide attempters.

Results:

Seventy-seven per cent were socially active, with 61.5% in regular employment, and 38.5% in precarious employment. The female-to-male ratio approached 2 in the securely employed sample, and fell to 1 for those with poor social and professional integration. Depression, parasuicide, and alcohol abuse were more common in the families of repeaters in secure employment. The impact of the familial psychiatric background was no longer significant in the job insecurity group. Fostering in childhood was a risk factor for repeat suicidal behaviour in the group with job insecurity.

Keywords

psychiatric emergencyparasuicidejob insecurityepidemiology
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 13 , Issue 7 , November 1998 , pp. 359 - 364
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier, Paris 1998

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adam, KSBouckoms, AStreiner, DParental loss and family stability in attempted suicide Arch Gen Psychiarry 1982 ; 39 : 1082-5Google ScholarPubMed
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnosis and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 3rd ed., revised. Washington, DC: APA; 1987Google Scholar
Barling, PWHandal, PJIncidence of utilization of public mental health facilities as a function of short-term economic decline Am J Community Psychol 1980 ; 8 : 31-9CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bille-Brahe, UKerkhof, ADe Leo, DSchmidtke, ACrepet, PLőnnqvist, J et al. A repetition-prediction study of European parasuicide populations: a summary of the first report from Part II of the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Parasuicide in co-operation with the EC Concerted Action on Attempted Suicide Acta Psychiatr Scand 1997 ; 95 : 81-6CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buglass, DDuffy, JC.The ecological patterns of suicide and parasuicide in Edinburgh Soc Sci 1978 ; 12 : 241-53Google Scholar
De Wilde, EKienhorst, ICWKDiekstra, RFWWolters, WHGThe relationship between adolescent suicidal behavior and life events in childhood and adolescence Am J Psychiatry 1992 ; 149 : 45–51Google ScholarPubMed
Diekstra, RFWSuicide and suicide attempts in the European Economic Community: an analysis of trends with special emphasis on trends among the young Suicide Life Threat Behav 1985 ; 15 : 402-21CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diekstra, RFWThe epidemiology of suicide and parasuicide Acta Psychiatr Stand 1993 ; suppl 371 : 9–20CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Diekstra, RFWVan Egmond, JSuicide and attempted suicide in general practice 1979-1986 Acta Psychiatr Scand 1989 ; 79 : 268-75CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hawton, KRose, NFactors associated with suicide and parasuitide among men in Oxford Health Trends 1986 ; 18 : 29–32Google Scholar
Hawton, KFagg, JSimkin, SFemale unemployment and attempted suicide Brit J Psychiatry 1988 ; 152 : 632-7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones, SCForster, DPHassanyeh, FThe role of unemployment in parasuicide Psychol Med 1991 ; 21 : 169-76CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kovess, VGysens, SChanoit, PFUne enquête de santé mentale : l’enquête santé des franciliens Ann Med Psychol 1993 ; 151 : 624-7Google Scholar
Maurice, SPommereau, XPueyo, SToulouse, CTilly, BDabis, F et al. Epidemiological surveillance of suicides and attempted suicides in Aquitaine, south-west France, using an original computer network of sentinel general practitioners J Epidemiol Community Health 1989 ; 43 : 290-2CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Montgomery, SMBartley, MJCook, DGWadsworth, MEJHealth and social precursors of unemployment in young men in Great Britain J Epidemiol Community Health 1996 ; 50 : 415-22CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morton, MJThe prediction of repetition of parasuicide: with special references to unemployment Int J Sot Psychiatry 1993 ; 39:87–99CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Platt, SUnemployment and suicidal behavior: a review of the literature Soc Sci Med 1984 ; 19 : 93–115CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Platt, SClinical and social characteristics of males parasuicides: variation by employment status and duration of unemployment Acra Psychiatr Stand 1986 ; 74 : 24–31CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Platt, SParasuicide and unemployment Br J Psychiatry 1986 ; 149:401–405CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Platt, SKreitman, NParasuicide and unemployment among men in Edinburgh 1968-82 Psychol Med 1985 ; 15 : 113-23CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Platt, SDuffy, JSocial and clinical correlates of unemployment in two cohorts of males parasuicide Soc Psychiatry 1986 ; 21 : 17–24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Platt, SHawton, KKreitman, NFagg, JFoster, JRecent clinical and epidemiological trends in parasuicide in Edinburgh and Oxford: a tale of two cities Psychol Med 1988 ; 18 : 405- 18CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Platt, SKreitman, NLong term trends in parasuicide and unemployment in Edinburgh, 1968-87 Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1990 ; 25 : 56–61Google Scholar
Pritchard, CNew patterns of suicide by age and gender in the United Kingdom and the Western World 1974-1992; an indicator of social change? Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 1996 ; 31 :227-34CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Runeson, BSBeskow, JWaem, MThe suicidal process in suicides among young people Acta Psychiatr Scana’ 1996 ; 93 : 35–42CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Runeson, BEklund, GWasserman, DLiving conditions of female suicide attempters : a case-control study Actu Psychiatr Stand 1996 ; 94 : 125-32CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shapiro, CMParry, MRIs unemployment a cause of parasuitide? BMJ 1984 ; 289 : 1622CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silove, DGeorge, GBhavani-Sankaram, VParasuicide: interaction between inadequate parenting and recent interpersonal stress Aust NZJ Psychiatry 1987 ; 21 : 221-8CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van Casteren, VVan Der Veken, JThe Belgian sentinel general practitioners as a tool for surveillance of suicide and attempted suicide Arch Public Heulth 1993 ; 51 : 267-78Google Scholar
Warr, PPsychological aspects of employment and unemployment Psychol Med 1982 ; 12 : 7–11CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wasserman, DCullberg, JEarly separation and suicidal behaviour in the parental homes of 40 consecutive suicide attempters Acta Psychiatr Stand 1989 ; 79 : 296-302CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.