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Multimodal magnetic resonance spectroscopy and surface-based morphometry study of individuals at ultra-high-risk for psychosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 August 2021

A. Tomyshev ,
P. Menshchikov ,
M. Omelchenko ,
V. Kaleda ,
D. Kupriyanov  and
I. Lebedeva
A. Tomyshev*
Affiliation:
Laboratory Of neuroimaging And Multimodal Analysis, FSBSI Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
P. Menshchikov
Affiliation:
Clinical Science, LLC Philips Healthcare Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
M. Omelchenko
Affiliation:
Department Of Youth Psychiatry, FSBSI Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
V. Kaleda
Affiliation:
Department Of Endogenous Mental Disorders, FSBSI Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
D. Kupriyanov
Affiliation:
Clinical Science, LLC Philips Healthcare Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation Neurocognitive Research Department, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow, Russian Federation
I. Lebedeva
Affiliation:
Laboratory Of neuroimaging And Multimodal Analysis, FSBSI Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russian Federation
*
*Corresponding author.

Abstract

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Introduction

Studies examining gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) or glutamate in ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR) have shown conflicting results, and a number of multimodal studies examining associations between metabolite and structural characteristics is very limited.

Objectives

We aimed to investigate potential associations between GABA and glutamate levels and cortical thickness in the frontal lobe in UHR individuals and healthy controls (HC).

Methods

20 male UHR individuals and 19 healthy controls (HC) underwent structural MRI and MR spectroscopy at 3T Philips scanner. T1-weighted images were processed via FreeSurfer 6.0 to quantify cortical thickness for selected frontal regions labeled according to Desikan atlas. MEGA-PRESS acquisitions were analyzed with jMRUi (ver. 5.1 Alpha), levels of GABA and glutamate were calculated as ratios to creatine + phosphocreatine.

Results

The study revealed: 1) GABA/Cr ratios reduction in the left frontal lobe (p=0.001) which was not attributable to antipsychotic medication; 2) cortical thickness reductions in the left pars orbitalis (p=0.005) (the anterior part of the inferior frontal gyrus) in the UHR individuals compared to HC. No significant correlations between GABA/Cr ratios and cortical thickness were identified in both groups.

Conclusions

The findings indicate that the UHR state is associated with altered GABA levels and cortical thickness reductions in the prefrontal cortex. The results also show that GABA levels are not directly related to cortical abnormalities, suggesting that altered metabolite levels may be associated with a complex system of structural and functional impairments, rather than directly correlating with structural changes in separate cortical regions. The work was supported by RFBR grant 19-29-10040.

Disclosure

No significant relationships.

Keywords

Magnetic resonance spectroscopyGABACortical thicknessUltra-high risk of psychosis
Type
Abstract
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 64 , Special Issue S1: Abstracts of the 29th European Congress of Psychiatry , April 2021 , pp. S130
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the European Psychiatric Association
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