Case presentation of a young woman Ms. A.M., referred by her GP with an eating disorder, who was thereafter diagnosed with an uncommon type of phobia (emetophobia – a specific phobia of vomiting) and treated accordingly.

To highlight the diagnostic dilemma with such uncommon cases, who are often misdiagnosed as having anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa or suffering from other anxiety disorders (like OCD or GAD).

A comprehensive mental state examination was conducted including a diagnostic clarification interview. She was followed up by the mental health team on a regular basis with support and also providing appropriate psychotherapy.

Ms. A.M. refused medications and only agreed to non-pharmacological treatment. She was therefore commenced on once weekly psychotherapy (CBT), which she undertook for a period of 4 months. She showed good response to the psychotherapy with significant attenuation of her core symptoms, although she still continued to exhibit some avoidance behaviors.

This particular patient showcases a relatively uncommon and often misdiagnosed specific phobia (emetophobia) and highlights the positive response seen in this case with psychotherapy.

The author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.