Community mental healthcare in Kosovo is still in its developmental stage and thus pose an ongoing challenge for the health system and population.

The purpose of this study is to describe the processes of preparation, implementation, challenges and future of community mental health service in Kosovo as an economically struggling society with underdeveloped health care system.

Review of the current state of community services provision for mentally ill peoples in Kosovo in the light of the objectives and targets of the WHO comprehensive mental health action plan 2013–2020.

The implementation of a new community mental health service in Kosovo still is characterized by considerable shortages, beside substantial effort on various levels. On the policy and financial level, it was made possible by a clear intent/initialization of international bodies and coordinated commitment of all responsible national stakeholders and authorities. Obstacles remain regarding improvements of service development indicators: financial and human resources; capacity building; stakeholder involvement and service availability. Lack of strategies for promotion and prevention in mental health and lack of information systems, evidences and research for mental health is vital need.

Community mental healthcare in Kosovo despite struggles faced is successfully installed and represents one of Kosovo health system achievements. Comprehensive, integrated and responsive mental health services in community-based settings in line with international and regional human rights instruments is goal to be addressed.

The author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.