Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-vfjqv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T17:46:52.184Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Cloze Procedure and Type Token Ratio: an aid to diagnosis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

BD Damba ,
S Burner  and
H Lôo
BD Damba
Affiliation:
Service Hospitalo-universitaire de Santé Mentale et de Thérapeutique du Professeur H. Lôo; Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, 1, rue Cabanis, 75674, Paris, Cedex 14
S Burner
Affiliation:
Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, Ile du Saulcy, 57045Metz, Cedex 1, France
H Lôo
Affiliation:
Service Hospitalo-universitaire de Santé Mentale et de Thérapeutique du Professeur H. Lôo; Centre Hospitalier Sainte-Anne, 1, rue Cabanis, 75674, Paris, Cedex 14
Get access

Summary

Disturbances in the verbal communication patterns of manic and schizophrenic patients have been identified as two tools borrowed from quantitative linguistics: the Cloze Procedure and the Type Token Ratio (TTR). The Cloze Procedure, which measures the communicability of a message, consists of suppressing systematically every “nth” word of a text and in asking raters to try and guess the missing words. The Cloze Score of each text is then evaluated. The TTR measures the index of repetitiveness of a text or, in other words, its verbal richness. The degree of communicability, or overall comprehension, and the index of verbal richness are obtained through the analysis of a corpus of oral texts which have been recorded and transcribed. The patients are all paired with suitable controls. It was shown that low Cloze Scores (CS) and low TTR identify schizophrenic patients, whereas low CS and high TTR indicate a manic state. Control subjects show both high CS and high TTR. These results suggest that the Cloze Procedure linked with TTR can provide substantial aid to the differential diagnosis of mania and schizophrenia.

Keywords

languageschizophreniamaniacommunicabilitydiagnosis
Type
Original article
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 6 , Issue 1 , 1991 , pp. 57 - 63
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier, Paris 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

American Psychiatric Association (1980, 1987) Diagnostic and statistical Manual, 3rd ed (DSM III) and 3rd ed revised (DSM III) Washington, DCGoogle Scholar
Boyer, P (1981) Les troubles du langage en psychiatrie. PUF, ParisGoogle Scholar
Burner, S (1975) Nouvelle expérience à partir du procédé cloze. Communication et langage, 26, 15–23CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burner, S (1976) Évolution du langage au cours du traitement. Psychol Med 8, 861–864Google Scholar
Burner, S (1980) Influence du thème dans la production du discours oral. Verbum, 3, 37–53Google Scholar
Burner, SSilverman, G (1980) Répartition des temps de pause et de parole dans un cas de manie dépressive. Psychol Med 12, 1867–1875Google Scholar
Burner-Labaune, S (1987) Etude du processus de rupture de communication dans les délires psychotiques (corpus français et anglais). Thèse présentée pour l'obtention du doctorat d'État es-lettres et sciences humaines, Paris, le 5 maiGoogle Scholar
Chevrie-Muller, CSevestre, PSeguier, N (1985) Speech and psychopathology. Lang/Speech 28, part 1, 53–79Google ScholarPubMed
Damba, BD (1986) Chronosémiologie du langage et rythmes biologiques des schizophrènes. Mémoire du diplôme d'études approfondies des sciences de la vie et de la santé, ParisGoogle Scholar
De Landsheere, G (1973) Le test de closure: mesure de la lisibilité et de la compréhension. F Nathan, ParisGoogle Scholar
Ginitie mac, WH (1961) Contextual constraints in english prose paragraph. J Psychol 51, 121–130CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Girard, M (1978) Contribution à l'étude du langage chez le schizophrène. Thèse pour le doctorat en médecine, ToulouseGoogle Scholar
Graber, J (1973) Le langage du schizophrène. Psychol Med 5, 455–459Google Scholar
Haag, M (1965) Le style du langage oral des malades mentaux étudié par comparaison statistique entre groupes nosologiques. Thèse pour le doctorat en médecine, ParisGoogle Scholar
Hoffman, REStopek, SAndreasen, NC (1986) A comparative study of manic versus schizophrenic speech desorganization. Arch Gen Psychiatry 43, 831–838CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Karacostas, A (1984) Les néologismes lexicaux et sémantiques. Contribution à l'étude de la schizophrénie Thèse pour la doctorat en médecine, ParisGoogle Scholar
Le Polles, F (1986) Description linguistique de la schizophrénie. Thèse pour le doctorat en médecine, ParisGoogle Scholar
Salzinger, K (1962) Some problems of response measurement in verbal behavior: the response unit and intraresponse relations. Conference on the methods of measurement of change in human behavior, MontréalGoogle Scholar
Schwartz, S (1978) Language and cognition in schizophrenia. LEA ed, New YorkGoogle Scholar
Soloway, MRHolzman, PSShenton, MEHolzman, P (1987) Comparative studies of thought disorders: mania and schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 44, 13–20CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, WL (1956) Recent developments in the use of “cloze procedure”. Journalism Quart, Winter, 33, 42–48CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.