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From Landscape to Portable Art: The Changing Settings of Simple Rock Art in South-West Britain and its Wider Context

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2017

Andy M. Jones  and
Graeme Kirkham
Andy M. Jones*
Affiliation:
Historic Environment Projects, Cornwall Council, Truro, UK
Graeme Kirkham*
Affiliation:
Historic Environment Projects, Cornwall Council, Truro, UK
*
[email: andjones@cornwall.gov.uk]
[email: gkirkham@cornwall.gov.uk]
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Abstract

South-west Britain—Cornwall, Devon and west Somerset—has featured little in discussions of British rock art. However, although it lacks the complex motifs found in northern Britain or the rich ornamentation of the Irish passage graves, it has a growing number of sites with simple cup-marks and stands at a pivotal location in the wider distribution of this form of rock art within north-west Europe. This paper considers the cup-mark tradition in south-west Britain and its wider European context, drawing attention to comparable traditions in western France, Wales, and south-west Ireland where simple cup-marks occur in analogous contexts. We propose a chronology for cup-marks in the south-west, from suggested Neolithic origins associated with rock outcrops and chambered tombs through to their use in Bronze Age barrows and subsequently roundhouses in the second millennium BC.

Le sud-ouest de la Grande-Bretagne—Cornwall, Devon et l'ouest du Somerset—ne figure guère dans les discussions sur l'art rupestre britannique. Toutefois, bien qu'on ne trouve pas les motifs complexes découverts dans le nord du Royaume-Uni ou les riches ornementations des chambres à couloir irlandaises, il y existe un nombre croissant de sites avec de simples cupules. De plus, cette région se trouve à un endroit clé de la répartition de cette forme d'art rupestre en Europe du nord-ouest. Cet article examine la tradition des cupules dans le sud-ouest et dans son contexte européen en général, en attirant l'attention sur des traditions comparables dans l'ouest de la France, au Pays de Galle et en Irlande du sud-ouest, où des cupules simples ont été découvertes dans des contextes similaires. Nous proposons une chronologie pour les cupules du sud-ouest britannique, en suggérant des origines néolithiques associées à des affleurements de rochers et des tombes à chambres, et en allant jusqu’à leur utilisation dans des tumuli de l'Âge du Bronze et plus tard dans les maisons rondes du 2e millénaire cal BC. Translation by Isabelle Gerges.

Zusammenfassung

Zusammenfassung

Südwestbritannien (Cornwall, Devon und das westliche Somerset) spielt bei den Diskussionen der britischen Felskunst meist nur eine untergeordnete Rolle. Wenngleich diese Region nicht die Vielfalt komplexer Motive, die aus dem nördlichen Britannien bekannt sind, oder die reiche Ornamentik irischer Ganggräber besitzt, gibt es hier doch eine wachsende Anzahl von Plätzen mit einfachen Schälchensteinen. Sie befindet sich zudem in einer zentralen Lage innerhalb der weiteren Verbreitung dieser Art von Felskunst in Nordwesteuropa. Dieser Beitrag betrachtet die Tradition der Schälchensteine im südwestlichen sowie im weiteren europäischen Kontext unter besonderer Berücksichtigung vergleichbarer Traditionen in Westfrankreich, Wales und Südwestirland, wo einfache Schälchen in analogen Kontexten erscheinen. Es wird eine Chronologie für Schälchenvertiefungen in Südwestbritannien mit mutmaßlich neolithischen Wurzeln im Zusammenhang mit Felsaufschlüssen und Kammergräbern über ihre Nutzung in bronzezeitlichen Hügelgräbern und später Rundhäusern im 2. Jt. v. Chr. vorgestellt. Translation by Heiner Schwarzberg.

Keywords

cup-markrock artchambered tombSouth-West BritainNeolithicBronze Agecupuleart rupestreGrande-Bretagne du sud-ouesttombe à chambreNéolithiqueÂge du BronzeSchälchensteineFelskunstSüdwestbritannienKammergräberNeolithikumBronzezeit
Type
Articles
Information
European Journal of Archaeology , Volume 16 , Issue 4 , 2013 , pp. 636 - 659
Copyright
Copyright © European Association of Archaeologists 2013 

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