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‘Impious Easterners': Can Oxygen and Strontium Isotopes Serve as Indicators of Provenance in Early Medieval European Cemetery Populations?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2017

Rhea Brettell ,
Jane Evans ,
Sonja Marzinzik ,
Angela Lamb  and
Janet Montgomery
Rhea Brettell
Affiliation:
Division of Archaeological, Geographical and Environmental Sciences, University of Bradford, UK
Jane Evans
Affiliation:
NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory, Keyworth, Nottingham, UK
Sonja Marzinzik
Affiliation:
Department of Prehistory and Europe, British Museum, London, UK
Angela Lamb
Affiliation:
NERC Isotope Geosciences Laboratory, Keyworth, Nottingham, UK
Janet Montgomery
Affiliation:
Department of Archaeology, University of Durham, UK
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Abstract

Considerable debate persists concerning the origins of those involved in the adventus Saxonum: the arrival of Germanic peoples in Britain during the fifth century AD. This question was investigated using oxygen and strontium isotope ratios obtained from archaeological dental samples from individuals in the ‘Migration Period’ cemetery, Ringlemere, Kent (n = 7) and three continental European sites (n = 17). Results demonstrated that strontium alone is unable to distinguish between individuals from south-east England and north-west Europe. Although 87Sr/86Sr values from Ringlemere fell within local biosphere parameters and suggest a spatially and temporally related group, δ18O values were inconsistent with origins in eastern England or on the North German plain. Results from the European sites negate past climate change as an explanation. It is possible that culturally mediated behaviour has obscured geographical relationships. Further work to characterize water sources and human δ18O values in the putative European homelands is required.

Les origines des participants de l'Adventus Saxonum – l'arrivée de peuplades germaniques en Grande-Bretagne durant le 5e siècle AD – suscitent toujours de vifs débats. On étudie cette question en utilisant des proportions d'isotopes du strontium et de l'oxygène obtenues à partir d'échantillons dentaires archéologiques d'individus du cimetière de la ‘période migratoire’ de Ringlemere, Kent (n = 7) et de trois sites continentaux européens (n = 17). Les résultats montrent que le strontium à lui seul ne permet pas de distinguer entre les individus du sud-est de l'Angleterre et du nord-ouest de l'Europe. Bien que les valeurs 87Sr/86Sr s'inscrivent dans les paramètres biosphériques locaux et semblent indiquer un groupe relié dans le temps et dans l'espace, les valeurs δ18O sont en contradiction avec des origines en Angleterre de l'est ou dans la plaine de l'Allemagne du nord. Les résultats des sites européens excluent des anciens changements climatiques comme explication. Les relations géographiques ont possiblement été obscurcies par un comportement influencé par la médiation culturelle. Il est nécessaire de caractériser les sources aquatiques et les valeurs de δ18O humain dans les supposées patries européennes. Translation by Isabelle Gerges..

Zusammenfassung

Zusammenfassung

Noch immer existiert eine umfangreiche Diskussion zur Herkunft derer, die am adventus Saxonum, der Ankunft von Germanen in Britannien während des 5. Jhs. AD, beteiligt war. Die Frage wurde anhand von Sauerstoff- und Strontiumwerten aus archäologischen Zahnproben von Individuen des ‘völkerwanderungszeitlichen‘ Friedhofes von Ringlemere, Kent, (n = 7) und drei kontinentaleuropäischen Fundplätzen (n = 17) untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass es nicht möglich ist, allein durch Strontium zwischen Individuen aus Südostengland und Nordwesteuropa zu unterscheiden. Obwohl die 87Sr/86Sr-Werte aus Ringlemere innerhalb der lokalen Biosphärenparameter liegen und eine räumlich und zeitlich verbundene Gruppe vermuten lassen, stimmen die δ18O-Werte mit einer Herkunft aus Ostengland oder auch aus dem Norddeutschen Tiefland nicht überein. Ergebnisse der europäischen Fundplätze sprechen gegen eine frühere klimatische Änderung als Erklärung. Es ist möglich, dass kulturell vermitteltes Verhalten geographische Verbindungen verschleiert hat. Dies macht zukünftige Studien notwendig, um Wasserquellen und δ18O-Werte in den mutmaßlichen europäischen Herkunftsgebieten zu charakterisieren. Translation by Heiner Schwarzburg..

Keywords

migrationearly medievalRinglemereenamelstrontiumoxygenisotopescultural mediationmigrationhaut moyen ÂgeRinglemereémailstrontiumoxygèneisotopesmédiation culturelleMigrationFrühmittelalterRinglemereZahnschmelzStrontiumSauerstoffIsotopeKulturelle vermittlung
Type
Articles
Information
European Journal of Archaeology , Volume 15 , Issue 1 , 2012 , pp. 117 - 145
Copyright
Copyright © European Association of Archaeologists 2012 

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