Poa golestanensis H. Scholz & Akhani spec. nov. is described from the Golestan National Park, NE Iran. The following species are added to the grass flora of Iran from that area: Alopecurus aequalis Sobol., Cleistogenes serotina (L.) Keng, Heteropogon contortus (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. et Schult., Hordelymus europaeus (L.) Harz. The occurrence in Iran of Poa compressa L., P. densa Troitsky, and Bothriochloa bladhii (Retz.) S.T. Blake which were not mentioned in Rechinger's Flora Iranica but were reported in later papers is confirmed. The maps of distribution in the Park are provided for the treated species.

Inselbergs are rounded rock outcrops, usually of Precambrian age, with sparse vegetation cover. The vegetation of inselbergs in Zimbabwe is described for the first time, based upon data sampled from 53 localities. Inselbergs support a range of habitats whose vegetation is described. Data on species richness and floristic composition of the inselberg flora (549 vascular plant, 25 bryophyte and 136 lichen species) are presented. Phytogeography and diversity of inselberg vegetation are discussed. First records for Zimbabwe are reported in lichens and vascular plants.

Cerrado vegetation covers about 33% of the total area of the state of Piauí, northeastern Brazil, where there are also large areas of transition and contact with other vegetation types. Although the Piauí cerrados are a direct northern prolongation of the central core area, they are considered marginal by almost all authors. There are few previous records of their woody flora. This paper presents a floristic list of woody species based on the survey of 11 localities and updating of two already published lists. The climate belongs to Thornthwaite's subhumid category due to Piauí's position between the semiarid northeastern domain and the superhumid Amazon. The annual total rainfall is similar to that of the major part of the Brazilian cerrado area, but the rainy season is shorter. The soils differ from most cerrado soils in containing a greater proportion of concretions and plinthite with generally lighter colours, which may be interpreted as indicating large fluctuations of the water-table during pedogenesis. There are also widespread indications of seasonal high water-table showing that many of the Piauí cerrados probably belong to Sarmiento's hyperseasonal savannah category. A total of 60 families is represented by 307 woody taxa (including 14 family indet., four genera indet. and 80 species indet.). The lowest floristic diversity (richness) occurred in pure cerrado, the greatest in transition and contact areas.

Mount Giting-Giting is an ultramafic mountain on Sibuyan Island, Romblon Province, Republic of the Philippines. It was studied along the Mayo's Peak Ridge which had rainforest from about 200m up to c. 1550m. The grassland and scrub vegetation from 1550m to the summit (2050m) of Giting-Giting was not explored. The mean annual rainfall at the base of the mountain was c.2100mm which included a dry season around February and March. There was a notable increase in wind speed with altitude and there was about one hurricane (called a cyclone in the Philippines) per year. Analyses showed that the soils are acid ( 4.4–5.5), and have relatively low concentrations of Olsen extractable phosphorus (0.22–2.07μg g−1), low exchangeable potassium (0.04–0.41mEq 100g−1), and relatively low (for ultramafic soils) Mg/Ca quotients (0.31–2.87) and exchangeable nickel (1.0-23.8μg g−1). Coupled plots (of 0.25 or 0.04ha) were studied at altitudes from 325m to 1540m. All trees ≥ 10cm dbh were enumerated and structural features of the trees and smaller plants were quantified. The forests were all of fairly small stature (maximum tree height 24m) but dense (up to 2180 trees ha−1 in Lower Montane Forest (LMF) and up to 880 ha−1 in Upper Montane Forest (UMF)). While different taxa could be readily recognized, specific determinations were often impossible from the mainly sterile specimens. The LMF was species rich with up to at least 111 species of tree (≥ 10cm dbh) per 0.25-ha plot. There was no family clearly dominant in the two lower plots at 325m and 385m (where the Dipterocarpaceae were probably reduced by logging). At 770m and 860m the Dipterocarpaceae accounted for 12.9% and 14.7% of the basal area respectively. There was a surprisingly high representation of the Sapotaceae (25.9% of the basal area) at 1240m. At 1540m, the Araucariaceae (Agathis sp.) dominated one plot (37.1% of the basal area) and the Myrtaceae the other (72.4%).

Hagenia abyssinica J.F. Gmel. (Rosaceae) is an Afromontane endemic, whose range extends from Ethiopia in the north to Zimbabwe and Mozambique in the south. This thick-stemmed but low-growing tree is restricted to East African high mountains, and is one of the dominants of upper montane forests, often making up the timberline. In this paper 17 aphyllophoroid basidiomycetes are reported on Hagenia from Tanzania. Trees which have been partly debarked by elephants are often troubled by Hymenochaete ochromarginata Talbot. A new species, Hyphodontia submucronata Hjortstam & Renvall is described. Dendrothele griseocana (Bres.) Bourdot & Galzin is reported for the first time from Africa.