Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-sjtt6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-27T02:23:05.737Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from the Insect Limestone (Bembridge Marls, Late Eocene) of the Isle of Wight, southern England

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 May 2014

Paul A. Selden
Paul A. Selden*
Affiliation:
Paleontological Institute and Department of Geology, University of Kansas, 1475 Jayhawk Boulevard, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA. Email: selden@ku.edu Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The arachnids from the late Eocene Insect Limestone of the Isle of Wight are reviewed. Only spiders (Araneae) have been recorded, of which several dozen are known, mostly juveniles. Nearly all are araneomorphs; the putative mygalomorph Eoatypus woodwardii McCook, 1888 was removed from that infraorder by Selden (2001), but new specimens, yet to be described, could belong in this group. Among the adult specimens, which are thus identifiable to family level, most belong to the argyronetid water-spider Vectaraneus yulei Selden, 2001; some resemble araneids, and a small number can be referred to other families. New morphological information on the holotype of Vectaraneus is presented, and three other specimens are described in more detail here, in Segestriidae, Araneidae and Salticidae. Segestriids are nocturnal sedentary hunters living in tubular retreats in rock or bark crevices. Araneids are the archetypal weavers of orb webs. Salticids are the familiar jumping spiders; the one described here is an ant mimic. Their presence suggests a drier habitat was present somewhere in the source environment for the fossil biota, and they were probably inhabitants of the raised hammocks suggested for the Insect Bed palaeoenvironment.

Keywords

AraneidaeAraneoideaArgyronetidaeDysderoideaSalticidaeSalticoideaSegestriidae
Type
Articles
Information
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 104 , Issue 3-4: The Fauna and Flora of the Insect Limestone (late Eocene), Isle of Wight, UK Volume I , September 2013 , pp. 275 - 282
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Society of Edinburgh 2014 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

7. References

Almquist, S. 2005. Swedish Araneae, part. 1: families Atypidae to Hahniidae (Linyphiidae excluded). Insect Systematic and Evolution Supplement 62, 1–284.Google Scholar
Audouin, V. 1826. Explication sommaire des planches d'arachnides de l'Égypte et de la Syrie. In Savigny, J-C (ed.) Description de l'Égypte ou recueil des observations et des recherches qui ont été faites en Égypte pendant l'expédition de l'armée française 1(4), 99–186. Paris: C. L. F. Panckoucke. 339 pp.Google Scholar
Bertkau, P. 1878. Einige Spinnen und ein Myriapode aus der Braunkohle von Rott. Verhandlungen des Naturhistorischen Vereins der Preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens, Bonn 35, 346–60, pl. 5.Google Scholar
Blackwall, J. 1841. The difference in the number of eyes with which spiders are provided proposed as the basis of their distribution into tribes; with descriptions of newly discovered species and the characters of a new family and three new genera of spiders. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 18, 601–70.Google Scholar
Clerck, C. 1757. Araneae suecici, descriptionibus et figuris oeneis illustrati, ad genera subalterna redacti speciebus ultra LX determinati. Stockholm: L. Salvii. 154 pp, 6 pls. [In Swedish and Latin.]Google Scholar
Coddington, J. A. 2005. Theridiosomatidae. In Ubick, D., Paquin, P., Cushing, P. E. & Roth, V. (eds) Spiders of North America: an identification manual, 244–45. College Park, MD: American Arachnological Society. v+377 pp.Google Scholar
Eskov, K. Y. 1984. A new fossil spider family from the Jurassic of Transbaikalia (Araneae, Chelicerata). Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte 1984, 645–53.Google Scholar
Eskov, & Wunderlich, J. 1995. On the spiders from Taimyr ambers, Siberia, with the description of a new family and with general notes on the spiders from the Cretaceous resins. Beiträge zur Araneologie 4, 95–107.Google Scholar
Gale, A. S., Huggett, J. M., Pälike, H., Laurie, E., Hailwood, E. A. & Hardenbol, J. 2006. Correlation of Eocene–Oligocene marine and continental records: orbital cyclicity, magnetostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy of the Solent Group, Isle of Wight, UK. Journal of the Geological Society, London 163, 401–15.Google Scholar
Grothendieck, K. & Kraus, O. 1994. Die Wasserspinne Argyroneta aquatica: Verwandschaft und Spezialisation (Arachnida, Araneae, Agelenidae). Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg (NF) 34, 259–73.Google Scholar
Gourret, P. 1886. Recherches sur les arachnides tertiaires d'Aix en Provence. Recueil Zoologique Suisse 4, 431–96, pls XX–XXIII.Google Scholar
Heer, O. 1865. Die Urwelt der Schweiz. Zurich: Friedrich Schulthess. 622 pp.Google Scholar
Heer, O. 1872. Le monde primitif de la Suisse. Genève and Basle: H. Georg. 801 pp. [French translation of Heer 1865].Google Scholar
Heer, O. 1876. The primaeval world of Switzerland. Volume 2. Heywood, J. (ed.). London: Longmans, Green & Co. 324 pp. [English translation of Heer 1865.]Google Scholar
Hogg, H. R. 1900. A contribution to our knowledge of the spiders of Victoria; including some new species and genera. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 13, 68–123.Google Scholar
Hooker, J. J., Collinson, M. E., Grimes, S. T., Sille, N. P. & Mattey, D. P. 2007. Discussion on the Eocene–Oligocene boundary in the UK. Journal of the Geological Society, London 164, 685–88.Google Scholar
Hooker, J. J., Grimes, S. T., Mattey, D. P. Collinson, M. E. & Sheldon, N. D. 2009. Refined correlation of the UK Late Eocene–Early Oligocene Solent Group and timing of its climate history. Geological Society of America Special Paper 452, 179–95.Google Scholar
Jarzembowski, E. A. 1976. Report of Easter field meeting: the Lower Tertiaries of the Isle of Wight, 27–31.III.1976. Tertiary Research 1, 11–16.Google Scholar
Jarzembowski, E. A. 1980. Fossil insects from the Bembridge Marls, Palaeogene of the Isle of Wight, southern England. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Geology 33, 237–93.Google Scholar
Karsch, F. 1880. Arachnologische Blätter (Decas I). Zeitschrift für die Gesamte Naturwissenschaft 53, 373–409.Google Scholar
Koch, C. L. 1837. Übersicht des Arachnidensystems, Heft 1. Nürnberg. 39 pp.10.5962/bhl.title.39561Google Scholar
Koch, C. L. 1850. Übersicht des Arachnidensystems, Heft 5. Nürnberg. 77 pp.Google Scholar
Latreille, P.-A. 1804. Tableau méthodique des Insectes. Nouveau Dictionnaire d'Histoire Naturelle 24, 129–200.Google Scholar
Latreille, P.-A 1806. Genera crustaceorum et insectorum, volume 1, Aranéides, 82–127. Paris: A. Koenig.Google Scholar
Levi, H. W. 2005. Araneidae. In Ubick, D., Paquin, P., Cushing, P. E. & Roth, V. (eds) Spiders of North America: an identification manual, 68–74. College Park, MD: American Arachnological Society. v+377 pp.Google Scholar
Mcalpine, J. F. & Martin, J. E. H. 1969. Canadian amber – a paleontological treasure chest. Canadian Entomologist 101, 819–38.Google Scholar
Mccobb, L. M. E., Duncan, I. J., Jarzembowski, E. A., Stankiewicz, B. A., Wills, M. A. & Briggs, D. E. G. 1998. Taphonomy of the insects from the Bembridge Marls (Late Eocene), Isle of Wight, England. Geological Magazine 135, 553–63.Google Scholar
Mccook, H. C. 1888. A new fossil spider, Eoatypus woodwardii. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 1888, 200–02.Google Scholar
Penney, D. 2004. New spiders in Upper Cretaceous amber from New Jersey in the American Museum of Natural History (Arthropoda: Araneae). Palaeontology 47, 367–75.Google Scholar
Penney, D. 2005. The fossil spider family Lagonomegopidae in Cretaceous ambers with descriptions of a new genus and species from Myanmar. Journal of Arachnology 33, 439–44.Google Scholar
Penney, D. 2006. The oldest lagonomegopid spider, a new species in Lower Cretaceous amber from Álava, Spain. Geologica Acta 4, 377–82.Google Scholar
Petrunkevitch, A. 1922. Tertiary spiders and opilionids of North America. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 25, 211–79.Google Scholar
Platnick, N. I. 2009. The world spider catalog, version 9.5. New York: American Museum of Natural History. (http://research.amnh.org/entomology/spiders/catalog/index.html)Google Scholar
Schawaller, W. 1982. Zur fossilen Spinnenfauna des Pliozäns von Willershausen in Norddeutschland (Arachnida, Araneae). Bericht der naturhistorischen Gesellschaft zu Hannover, 125, 89–95.Google Scholar
Schawaller, W. & Ono, H. 1979. Fossile Spinnen aus miozänen Sedimenten des Randecker Maars in SW-Deutschland (Arachnida: Araneae). Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg 134, 131–41.Google Scholar
Scudder, S. H. 1890. The Tertiary insects of North America. Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories 13, 1–734.Google Scholar
Selden, P. A. 2001. Eocene spiders from the Isle of Wight with preserved respiratory structures. Palaeontology 44, 695–729.10.1111/1475-4983.00199Google Scholar
Selden, P. A. 2002. Missing links between Argyroneta and Cybaeidae revealed by fossil spiders. Journal of Arachnology 30, 189–200.10.1636/0161-8202(2002)030[0189:MLBAAC]2.0.CO;2Google Scholar
Selden, P. A. & Penney, D. 2009. A fossil spider (Araneae: Pisauridae) of Eocene age from Horsefly, British Columbia, Canada. In Kropf, C. & Horak, P. (eds) Towards a natural history of arthropods and other organisms. In memoriam Konrad Thaler. Contributions to Natural History 12, 1269–82.Google Scholar
Simon, E. 1874. Les arachnides de France. Volume 1, Paris: 1–272. Librairie encyclopédique de Roret.Google Scholar
Simon, E. 1893. Histoire naturelle des araignées. Volume 1, part 2, 257–488. Paris: Librairie encyclopédique de Roret.Google Scholar
Sutton, M. D., Briggs, D. E. G., Siveter, D. J. & Siveter, D. J. 2001. Methodologies for the visualization and reconstruction of three-dimensional fossils from the Silurian Herefordshire Lagerstätte. Paleontologia Electronica 4, 1–17. [http://palaeo-electronica.org/2001_1/s2/issue1_01.htm]Google Scholar
Sutton, M. D., Briggs, D. E. G., Siveter, D. J., Siveter, D. J. & Orr, P. J. 2002. The arthropod Offacolus kingi (Chelicerata) from the Silurian of Herefordshire, England: computer based morphological reconstructions and phylogenetic affinities. Proceedings of the Royal Society, London B269, 1195–203.Google Scholar
Thorell, T. 1870. On European spiders. Part 2. Nova Acta Societas Scientiae Uppsalensis (3) 7, 109–242.Google Scholar
Ubick, D. 2005a. Dysderidae. In Ubick, D., Paquin, P., Cushing, P. E. & Roth, V. (eds) Spiders of North America: an identification manual, 103. College Park, MD: American Arachnological Society. v+377 pp.Google Scholar
Ubick, D. 2005b. Segestriidae. In Ubick, D., Paquin, P., Cushing, P. E. & Roth, V. (eds) Spiders of North America: an identification manual, 219–10. College Park, MD: American Arachnological Society, v+377 pp.Google Scholar
Wunderlich, J. 1986a. Die ersten Spinnen aus dem Mittel-Eozän der Grube Messel. Senckenbergiana lethaea 67, 171–76.Google Scholar
Wunderlich, J. 1986b. Spinnenfauna gestern und heute. Fossile Spinnen in Bernstein und ihre heute lebenden Verwandten. Wiesbaden: Erich Bauer Verlag bei Quelle und Meyer. 283 pp.Google Scholar
Wunderlich, J. 2004a. Fossil spiders (Araneae) of the superfamily Dysderoidea in Baltic and Dominican amber, with revised family diagnoses. Beiträge zur Araneologie 3, 633–746.Google Scholar
Wunderlich, J. 2004b. Fossil taxa of the family Araneidae (Araneae) inclusively Nephilinae in Baltic and Dominican amber, with the description of a new extinct subfamily and notes on selected extant taxa. Beiträge zur Araneologie 3, 956–97.Google Scholar
Wunderlich, J. 2004c. Report on spiders (Araneae) of the families Araneidae and Zygiellidae in Lebanese amber. Beiträge zur Araneologie 3, 1864–65.Google Scholar
Wunderlich, J. 2004d. Fossil jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) in Baltic and Dominican amber, with remarks on salticid subfamilies. Beiträge zur Araneologie 3, 1761–819.Google Scholar
Wunderlich, J. & Milki, R. 2004. Description of the extinct new subfamily Microsegestriinae (Araneae: Segestriidae) in Cretaceous Lebanese amber. Beiträge zur Araneologie 3, 1867–73.Google Scholar
Zhang, J., Sun, B. & Zhang, X. 1994. Miocene insects and spiders from Shanwang, Shandong. Beijing: Science Press. 298 pp. [In Chinese with English summary.]Google Scholar