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Genesis of the lower crustal garnet-orthopyroxene tonalites (S-type) of the Hidaka Metamorphic Belt, northern Japan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 November 2011

T. Shimura ,
M. Komatsu  and
J. T. Iiyama
T. Shimura
Affiliation:
T. Shimura, Department of Geology and Mineralogy, Faculty of Science,Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060, Japan
M. Komatsu
Affiliation:
M. Komatsu, Department of Earth Science, Faculty of Science,Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790, Japan
J. T. Iiyama
Affiliation:
J. T. Iiyama, Department of Earth Science, Faculty of Science,Chiba University, Chiba, 260, Japan
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Abstract

The Hidaka Metamorphic Belt (HMB) in Hokkaido, northern Japan, consists of tilted metamorphic layers of an island-arc type crust from lower (granulite facies) to upper (very low-grade metasedimentary) horizons. Abundant granitic rocks, mainly S-type tonalites of crustal origin, intrude various metamorphic layers and are classified into four depth types, namely upper, middle, lower and basal. The basal orthopyroxene-garnet (S-type) tonalities were intruded into granulite facies country rocks. Textural and compositional evidence from minerals in the basal tonalite indicates that the crystallisation sequence is Grt-Pl-Opx-Bt-Qtz-Crd-Kfs, and that crystallisation took place at about 600 MPa and 900°C-700°C.

Some crystallisation experiments were carried out in an internally heated pressure vessel, using the basal tonalite, under the conditions of 300 and 600 MPa, 700-900°C, and with 0-20 wt% H2O, respectively. The results show that the primary S-type tonalite magma was at a temperature above 900°C and contained 3-4 wt% H2O at the beginning of crystallisation. In order to study the influence of normative orthoclase content on orthopyroxene crystallisation, some starting materials also included 15, 20 and 25% normative orthoclase, by adding KAlSi3O8 gel to the rock powder. Normative orthoclase content has an influence on the subliquidus crystallisation limit of orthopyroxene.

The changes in P-T conditions and chemical composition of the magma during ascent would generate the sequence from the basal to upper S-type granite. Opx-free S-type granitic magma can be generated from lower crustal Grt-Opx S-type granitic magma, by differentiation with falling magmatic temperature.

Keywords

crystallisationgranulitelower crust S-type tonalite
Type
Research Article
Information
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 83 , Issue 1-2: Second Hutton Symposium: The Origin of Granites and Related Rocks , 1992 , pp. 259 - 268
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1992

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