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A Caribbean epiphyte community preserved in Miocene Dominican amber

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 December 2017

Ulla Kaasalainen ,
Jochen Heinrichs ,
Matthew A. M. Renner ,
Lars Hedenäs ,
Alfons Schäfer-Verwimp ,
Gaik Ee Lee ,
Michael S. Ignatov ,
Jouko Rikkinen  and
Alexander R. Schmidt
Ulla Kaasalainen
Affiliation:
Department of Geobiology, University of Göttingen, Goldschmidtstraße 3, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany. Email: alexander.schmidt@geo.uni-goettingen.de
Jochen Heinrichs
Affiliation:
Department of Biology and Geobio-Center, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.
Matthew A. M. Renner
Affiliation:
Royal Botanical Garden and Domain Trust, Sydney, Australia.
Lars Hedenäs
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden.
Alfons Schäfer-Verwimp
Affiliation:
Mittlere Letten 11, Herdwangen-Schönach, Germany.
Gaik Ee Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Biology and Geobio-Center, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.
Michael S. Ignatov
Affiliation:
Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. Faculty of Biology, Moscow University, Moscow, Russia.
Jouko Rikkinen
Affiliation:
Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botany Unit, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Alexander R. Schmidt*
Affiliation:
Department of Geobiology, University of Göttingen, Goldschmidtstraße 3, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany. Email: alexander.schmidt@geo.uni-goettingen.de
*
*Corresponding author
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Abstract

Fossil tree resins preserve a wide range of animals, plants, fungi and microorganisms in microscopic fidelity. Fossil organisms preserved in an individual piece of amber lived at the same time in Earth history and mostly even in the same habitat, but they were not necessarily parts of the same interacting community. Here, we report on an in situ preserved corticolous community from a piece of Miocene Dominican amber which is composed of a lichen, a moss and three species of leafy liverworts. The lichen is assigned to the extant genus Phyllopsora (Ramalinaceae, Lecanoromycetes) and is described as P.magna Kaasalainen, Rikkinen & A. R. Schmidt sp. nov. The moss, Aptychellites fossilis Schäf.-Verw., Hedenäs, Ignatov & Heinrichs gen. & sp. nov., closely resembles the extant genus Aptychella of the family Pylaisiadelphaceae. The three leafy liverworts comprise the extinct Lejeuneaceae species Cheilolejeunea antiqua (Grolle) Ye & Zhu, 2010 and Lejeunea miocenica Heinrichs, Schäf.-Verw., M. A. M. Renner & G. E. Lee sp. nov. and the extinct Radulaceae species Radula intecta M. A. M. Renner, Schäf.-Verw. & Heinrichs sp. nov. The presence of five associated extinct cryptogam species, four of which belong to extant genera, further substantiates the notion of a stasis in morphotype diversity, but a certain turnover of species, in the Caribbean since the early Miocene.

Keywords

Corticolous communitiesfossilslichensliverwortsmosses
Type
Articles
Information
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 107 , Issue 2-3: Fossil Insects, Arthropods and Amber , June 2016 , pp. 321 - 331
Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Society of Edinburgh 2017 

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