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Insight from animal models of environmentally driven epigenetic changes in the developing and adult brain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 September 2016

Tiffany S. Doherty  and
Tania L. Roth
Tiffany S. Doherty
Affiliation:
University of Delaware, Newark
Tania L. Roth*
Affiliation:
University of Delaware, Newark
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Tania L. Roth, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, 108 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE 19716; E-mail troth@psych.udel.edu.
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Abstract

The efforts of many neuroscientists are directed toward understanding the appreciable plasticity of the brain and behavior. In recent years, epigenetics has become a core of this focus as a prime mechanistic candidate for behavioral modifications. Animal models have been instrumental in advancing our understanding of environmentally driven changes to the epigenome in the developing and adult brain. This review focuses mainly on such discoveries driven by adverse environments along with their associated behavioral outcomes. While much of the evidence discussed focuses on epigenetics within the central nervous system, several peripheral studies in humans who have experienced significant adversity are also highlighted. As we continue to unravel the link between epigenetics and phenotype, discerning the complexity and specificity of epigenetic changes induced by environments is an important step toward understanding optimal development and how to prevent or ameliorate behavioral deficits bred by disruptive environments.

Type
Special Section Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 28 , Special Issue 4pt2: Epigenetics: Development, Psychopathology, Resilience, and Preventive Intervention , November 2016 , pp. 1229 - 1243
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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