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Exploring the possibility of parents’ broad internalizing phenotype acting through passive gene–environment correlations on daughters’ disordered eating

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 August 2022

Shannon M. O’Connor Open the ORCID record for Shannon M. O’Connor [Opens in a new window] ,
Megan Mikhail ,
Carolina Anaya ,
Leora L. Haller Open the ORCID record for Leora L. Haller [Opens in a new window] ,
S. Alexandra Burt Open the ORCID record for S. Alexandra Burt [Opens in a new window] ,
Matt McGue ,
William G. Iacono  and
Kelly L. Klump
Shannon M. O’Connor*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
Megan Mikhail
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Carolina Anaya
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Leora L. Haller
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
S. Alexandra Burt
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
Matt McGue
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
William G. Iacono
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Kelly L. Klump
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
*
Corresponding author: Shannon M. O’Connor, email: oconnors@montclair.edu
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Abstract

Twin studies demonstrate significant environmental influences and a lack of genetic effects on disordered eating before puberty in girls. However, genetic factors could act indirectly through passive gene–environment correlations (rGE; correlations between parents’ genes and an environment shaped by those genes) that inflate environmental (but not genetic) estimates. The only study to explore passive rGE did not find significant effects, but the full range of parental phenotypes (e.g., internalizing symptoms) that could impact daughters’ disordered eating was not examined. We addressed this gap by exploring whether parents’ internalizing symptoms (e.g., anxiety, depressive symptoms) contribute to daughters’ eating pathology through passive rGE. Participants were female twin pairs (aged 8–14 years; M = 10.44) in pre-early puberty and their biological parents (n = 279 families) from the Michigan State University Twin Registry. Nuclear twin family models explored passive rGE for parents’ internalizing traits/symptoms and twins’ overall eating disorder symptoms. No evidence for passive rGE was found. Instead, environmental factors that create similarities between co-twins (but not with their parents) and unique environmental factors were important. In pre-early puberty, genetic factors do not influence daughters’ disordered eating, even indirectly through passive rGE. Future research should explore sibling-specific and unique environmental factors during this critical developmental period.

Keywords

Disordered eatingeating disordersfamilytwin studyinternalizing
Type
Special Issue Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 34 , Issue 5: Special Section: Leveraging Genetically Informative Study Designs to Understand the Development and Familial Transmission of Psychopathology , December 2022 , pp. 1744 - 1755
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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