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On the Poincaré inequality for one-dimensional foliations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 March 2006

Vincent Cavalier
Affiliation:
Département des Sciences Mathématiques, CP 051, Université de Montpellier II, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 5, Francecavalier@math.univ-montp2.fr
Daniel Lehmann
Affiliation:
Département des Sciences Mathématiques, CP 051, Université de Montpellier II, Place Eugène Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 5, Francelehmann@math.univ-montp2.fr
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Abstract

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Let d be the degree of an algebraic one-dimensional foliation $\mathcal F$ on the complex projective space ${\mathbb P}_n$ (i.e. the degree of the variety of tangencies of the foliation with a generic hyperplane). Let $\Gamma$ be an algebraic solution of degree $\delta$, and geometrical genus g. We prove, in particular, the inequality $(d-1)\delta+2-2g\geq {\mathcal B}(\Gamma)$, where ${\mathcal B}(\Gamma)$ denotes the total number of locally irreducible branches through singular points of $\Gamma$ when $\Gamma$ has singularities, and ${\mathcal B}(\Gamma)=1$ (instead of 0) when $\Gamma$ is smooth. Equivalently, when $\Gamma=\bigcap_{\lambda=1}^{n-1} S_\lambda$ is the complete intersection of n - 1 algebraic hypersurfaces $S_\lambda$, we get $(d+n-\sum_{\lambda=1}^{n-1}\delta_\lambda)\delta \geq {\mathcal B}(\Gamma)-{\mathcal E}(\Gamma)$, where $\delta_\lambda$ denotes the degree of $S_\lambda$ and ${\mathcal E}(\Gamma)=2-2g+(\sum_\lambda\delta_\lambda-(n+1))\delta$ the correction term in the genus formula. These results are also refined when $\Gamma$ is reducible.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Foundation Compositio Mathematica 2006