Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-25wd4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T07:27:54.766Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Traumatic Injury and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 September 2014

Sharon A. Warren ,
Susan Armijo Olivo ,
Jorge Fuentes Contreras ,
Karen V. L. Turpin ,
Douglas P. Gross ,
Linda J. Carroll  and
Kenneth G. Warren
Sharon A. Warren*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
Susan Armijo Olivo
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
Jorge Fuentes Contreras
Affiliation:
Rehabilitation Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta Department of Physical Therapy, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile
Karen V. L. Turpin
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
Douglas P. Gross
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
Linda J. Carroll
Affiliation:
Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta Alberta Centre for Injury Control and Reasearch, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Kenneth G. Warren
Affiliation:
Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
*
Rehabilitation Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Email: sharon.warren@ualberta.ca.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A systematic review/meta-analysis of literature addressing a possible association between traumatic injury and onset of multiple sclerosis was conducted. Medline, Embase, Cochrane DSR, Ovid HealthStar, CINAHL, ISI Web of Science and Scopus were searched for analytical studies from 1950 to 2011. Two investigators independently reviewed articles for inclusion, assessing their quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Of the 13 case-control studies included, 8 were moderate quality and 5 low; of the 3 cohort studies 2 were high and 1 moderate. Meta-analysis including moderate and low quality case-control studies produced a modest but significant odds ratio: 1.41 (95% confidence interval: 1.03, 1.93). However, when low quality studies were excluded, the resulting odds ratio was non-significant. Cohort studies produced a non-significant standardized incidence ratio of 1.00 (95% confidence interval: 0.86, 1.16). These findings support the conclusion that there is no association between traumatic injury and multiple sclerosis onset; more high quality cohort studies would help to confirm this observation.

Résumé

RÉSUMÉ

Nous avons effectuéne revue systétique de la littéture et une mé-analyse sur une association possible entre un traumatisme et le dét de la sclése en plaques (SP). Nous avons recherchées édes analytiques publié de 1950 à011 dans Medline, Embase, Cochrane DSR, Ovid HealthStar, CINAHL, ISI Web of Science et Scopus. Deux chercheurs ont résée faç indéndante les articles et éluéeur qualitéu moyen de l'éelle Newcastle-Ottawa. Parmi les 13 édes cas-téin que nous avons retenues, 8 éient de qualitéoyenne et 5 de qualitééocre, alors que parmi les 3 édes de cohorte, 2 éient de haute qualitét 1 de qualitéoyenne. Le rapport de cotes obtenu de la mé-analyse qui incluait des édes cas-téin de qualitéoyenne et méocre éit modeste mais significatif : 1,41 (intervalle de confiance à5% : 1,03 à,93). Cependant, quand nous avons exclu de l'analyse les édes de qualitééocre, le rapport de cotes n'éit pas significatif. Le taux d'incidence standardiséour les édes de cohorte éit de 1,00 (IC à5% : 0,86 à,16), donc non significatif. Ces observations indiquent qu'il n'existe pas d'association entre un traumatisme et le dét de la sclése en plaques. D'autres édes de cohorte de haute qualitéideraient àonfirmer cette observation.

Type
Review Article
Information
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences , Volume 40 , Issue 2 , March 2013 , pp. 168 - 176
Copyright
Copyright © The Canadian Journal of Neurological 2013

References

1. Compston, A, Confavreux, C. The distribution of multiple sclerosis. In: Compston, A, Confavreux, C, Lassman, H, et al., editors. McAlpine’s multiple sclerosis, 4th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone/Elselvier; 2005. p. 71–111.Google Scholar
2. Warren, S, Warren, KG. Multiple sclerosis. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2001.Google Scholar
3. Riise, T. Anayzing risk factor interactions in MS. Mult Scler. 2010;16:S17–18.Google Scholar
4. Charcot, J. Lectures on diseases of the nervous system. London: New Sydenham Society; 1879. p. 157–222.Google Scholar
5. Poser, CM. The role of trauma in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: a review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 1994;96:103–10.Google Scholar
6. Goodin, DS, Ebers, GC, Johnson, KP, Rodriguez, M, Sibley, WA, Wolinsky, JS. The relationship of MS to physical trauma and psychological stress: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 1999;52:1737–45.Google Scholar
7. Corcoran, M. An unhappy coincidence between multiple sclerosis and trauma? Lancet. 2002;359:726.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8. Davidson, L. Can trauma provoke multiple sclerosis? A lawyer’s view. Prac Neurol. 2003;3:372–5.Google Scholar
9. Weatherby, MJ, Weatherby, SJ, Hawkins, CP. Does trauma trigger multiple sclerosis? 2: A medicolegal view. Hosp Med. 2003;64:651–3.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10. Weintraub, MI. Trauma and multiple sclerosis: medicolegal implications. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1988;30:407–8.Google Scholar
11. Stroup, D, Berlin, JA, Morton, SC, et al. Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. JAMA. 2000;283:2008–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12. Wells, G, Shea, B, O’Connell, D, et al. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses. Available from: http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinicalepidemiology/oxford.asp. Google Scholar
13. Byrt, T. How good is that agreement? Epidemiology. 1996;7:561.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14. Portney, LG, Watkins, MP. Foundations of clinical research: applications to practice. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2008.Google Scholar
15. Higgins, J, Deeks, J, Altman, D. Chapter 16: Special topics in statistics. In: Higgins, J, Green, S, editors. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions, version 500 [updated February 2008] The Cochrane Collaboration, 2008. Available from: http://www.cochrane-handbook.org. Google Scholar
16. Deeks, J, Higgins, J, Altman, D. Chapter 9: Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses. In: Higgins, J, Green, S, editors. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions, version 500 [updated February 2008] The Cochrane Collaboration, 2008. Available from: http://www.cochrane-handbook.org. Google Scholar
17. Berard, A, Bravo, G. Combining studies using effect sizes and quality scores: application to bone loss in postmenopausal women. J Clin Epidemiol. 1998;51:801–7.Google Scholar
18. Higgins, J, Green, S. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions 4.2.6 [updated September 2006]. In: Higgins, J, Green, S, editors. The Cochrane Library, Issue 4, 2006. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons; 2006.Google Scholar
19. Herbison, P, Hay-Smith, J, Gillespie, WJ. Adjustment of meta-analyses on the basis of quality scores should be abandoned. J Clin Epidemiol. 2006;59:1249–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20. Juni, P, Altman, DG, Egger, M. Systematic reviews in health care: assessing the quality of controlled clinical trials. BMJ. 2001;323:42–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21. Alter, M, Speer, J. Clinical evaluation of possible etiologic factors in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 1968;18:109–16.Google Scholar
22. Bamford, CR, Sibley, WA, Thies, C, Laguna, JF, Smith, MS, Clark, K. Trauma as an etiologic and aggravating factor in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 1981;31:1229–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23. Berr, C, Puel, J, Clanet, M, Ruidavets, JB, Mas, JL, Alperovitch, A. Risk factors in multiple sclerosis: a population-based case-control study in Hautes-Pyrenees, France. Acta Neurol Scand. 1989;80:46–50.Google Scholar
24. Bobowick, AR, Kurtzke, JF, Brody, JA. Twin study of multiple sclerosis: an epidemiologic inquiry. Neurology. 1978;28:978–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25. Casetta, I, Granieri, E, Malagu, S, et al. Environmental risk factors and multiple sclerosis: a community-based, case-control study in the province of Ferrara, Italy. Neuroepidemiology. 1994;13:120–8.Google Scholar
26. Currier, RD, Martin, EA, Woosley, PC. Prior events in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 1974;24:748–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27. Ghadirian, P, Dadgostar, B, Azani, R, Maisonneuve, P. A case-control study of the association between socio-demographic, lifestyle and medical history factors and multiple sclerosis. Can J Public Health. 2001;92:281–5.Google Scholar
28. Goldacre, MJ, Abisgold, JD, Yeates, DG, Seagroatt, V. Risk of multiple sclerosis after head injury: record linkage study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2006;77:351–3.Google Scholar
29. Gusev, E, Boiko, A, Lauer, K, Riise, T, Deomina, T. Environmental risk factors in MS: a case-control study in Moscow. Acta Neurol Scand. 1996;94:386–94.Google Scholar
30. Koch-Henriksen, N. An epidemiological study of multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurol Scand. 1989;80:S1–123.Google Scholar
31. McAlpine, D, Compston, N. Some aspects of the natural history of disseminated sclerosis. Quart J Med. 1952;21(82):135–67.Google ScholarPubMed
32. Pfleger, CC, Koch-Henriksen, N, Stenager, E, Flachs, EM, Johansen, C. Head injury is not a risk factor for multiple sclerosis: a prospective cohort study. Mult Scler. 2009;15:294–8.Google Scholar
33. Siva, A, Radhakrishnan, K, Kurland, LT, O’Brien, PC, Swanson, JW, Rodriguez, M. Trauma and multiple sclerosis: a population-based cohort study from Olmsted County, Minnesota. Neurology. 1993;43:1878–82.Google Scholar
34. Westlund, KB. Studies on multiple sclerosis in Winnipeg, Manitoba and New Orleans. Baltimore: John Hopkins University, 1952.Google Scholar
35. Wilhelm von, E. Reziehungen zwischen erkrankengen ins kindesalter und multiple-sklerose-erkrankung. Schweiz Arch Neurol Neurchir Psychiatr. 1970;106:311–7.Google Scholar
36. Zorzon, M, Zivadinov, R, Nasuelli, D, et al. Risk factors of multiple sclerosis: a case-control study. Neurol Sci. 2003;24:242–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
37. Ascherio, A, Munger, KL. Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part II: Non-infectious factors. Ann Neurol. 2007;61:504–13.Google Scholar
38. Barnett, MH, Sutton, I. The pathology of multiple sclerosis: a paradigm shift. Curr Opin Neurol. 2006;19:242–7.Google Scholar
39. Barzarian, JJ, Cernack, I, Noble-Haesusslein, L, Potolicchio, S, Temkin, N. Long-term neurologic outcomes after traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehab. 2009;24:439–51.Google Scholar
40. Boiko, A, Deomina, T, Favorova, O, Gusev, E, Sudomoina, M, Turetskaya, R. Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in Russia and other countries of the former Soviet Union: investigations of environmental and genetic factors. Acta Neurol Scand. 1995;91:71–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
41. Britell, CW. MS and trauma: is there a relationship? Mult Scler Q Rep. 1998;17:9–11.Google Scholar
42. Christensen, JC. Multiple sclerosis: some epidemiological clues to etiology. Acta Neurol Latinoamer. 1975;21:66–85.Google Scholar
43. Compston, A, Coles, A. Multiple sclerosis. Lancet. 2002;359:1221–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
44. Confavreux, C, Vukusic, S. The clinical epidemiology of multiple sclerosis. Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2008;18:589–622.Google Scholar
45. Dyll, LM. Trauma and multiple sclerosis: problems in epidemiology. Trauma. 1999;41:51–64.Google Scholar
46. Jellinek, EH. Trauma and multiple sclerosis. Lancet. 1994;343:1053–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
47. Kremenchutzky, M. The natural history of multiple sclerosis. Rev Neurol. 2000;30(10):967–72.Google Scholar
48. Kurland, LT. Trauma and multiple sclerosis. Ann Neurol. 1994;36:S33–7.Google Scholar
49. Lauer, K. Environmental risk factors in multiple sclerosis. Expert Rev Neurother. 2010;10:421–40.Google Scholar
50. Marrie, RA. Environmental risk factors in multiple sclerosis aetiology. Lancet Neurol. 2004;3:709–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
51. McAlpine, D. The problem of disseminated sclerosis. Brain. 1946;69:233–50.Google Scholar
52. Munger, KL, Ascherio, A. Risk factors in the development of multiple sclerosis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2007;3:739–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
53. Poser, CM. Physical trauma and multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 1994;44:1360–2.Google Scholar
54. Poser, CM. Trauma to the central nervous system may result in formation or enlargement of multiple sclerosis plaques. Arch Neurol. 2000;57:1074–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
55. Weatherby, SJM, Hawkins, CP. Does trauma trigger multiple sclerosis? 1: A controversy. Hosp Med. 2003;64:581–4.Google Scholar
56. Weilbach, FX, Hartung, HP. Physical trauma and multiple sclerosis. Physikalisches trauma und multiple sklerose. Der Nervenartz. 1997;68:940–4.Google Scholar
57. Baker, RS. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia following head injury. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1979;51:552–5.Google Scholar
58. Beck, RW, Meckler, RJ. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia after head trauma. Ann Ophthalmol. 1981;13:671–5.Google Scholar
59. Cerovski, B, Vidovic, T, Papa, J, Cerovski, J, Bojic, L. Minor head trauma and isolated unilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia. J Emerg Med. 2006;31:165–7.Google Scholar
60. Chen, H, Richard, M, Sandler, DP, Umbach, DM, Kamel, F. Head injury and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Am J Epidemiol. 2007;166:810–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
61. Gallagher, JP, Sanders, M. Trauma and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a report of 78 patients. Acta Neurol Scand. 1987;75:145–50.Google Scholar
62. Gallagher, JP, Talbert, OR. Motor neuron syndrome after electric shock. Acta Neurol Scand. 1991;83:79–82.Google Scholar
63. Zander, E, de Crousaz, G. Remarks on the relationship: cranio-cerebral injuries-multiple sclerosis. Rev Otoneuroophtalmol. 1969;41:391–5.Google Scholar
64. Connolly, RC. Delayed spinal cord lesions following injury. Riv Patol Nerv Ment. 1965;86:225–9.Google Scholar
65. Constantoyannis, C, Tzortzidis, F, Papadakis, N. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia following minor head injury: a case report. Br J Neurosurg. 1998;12:377–9.Google Scholar
66. De Portugal Alvarez, J, Fereres, JS. Considerations on the relationship of injury and multiple sclerosis. Med Clin. 1965;44:252–5.Google Scholar
67. Keschner, M. The effect of injuries and illness on the course of multiple sclerosis. Res Pub Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis. 1950;28:533–47.Google Scholar
68. Miller, H. Trauma and multiple sclerosis. Lancet. 1964;283:848–50.Google Scholar
69. Nakamura, T, Ota, K, Niwa, N, Takeuchi, M, Uchiyama, S, Iwata, M. Multiple cerebral white matter lesions following head trauma with eyeball contusion. Clin Neurol. 2004;44:108–10.Google Scholar
70. Namerow, NS. A discussion concerning physical trauma in multiple sclerosis. Bull Los Angeles Neurol Soc. 1967;32:117–24.Google Scholar
71. Poser, CM. Trauma and multiple sclerosis. An hypothesis. J Neurol. 1987;234:155–9.Google Scholar
72. Bansil, S, Singhal, BS, Ahuja, GK, et al. Multiple sclerosis in India: a case-control study of environmental exposures. Acta Neurol Scand. 1997;95:90–5.Google Scholar
73. Coo, H, Aronson, KJ. A systematic review of several potential non-genetic risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Neuroepidemiology. 2004;23:1–12.Google Scholar
74. Da Silva, KRP, Alvarenga, RMP, Fernandez, OF, Alvarenga, H, Thuler, LCS. Potential risk factors for multiple sclerosis in Rio de Janeiro: a case-control study. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2009;67:229–34.Google Scholar
75. Dokuchaeva, NN, Boiko, AN. Clinical and epidemiological study of multiple sclerosis in Volgograd City. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im SS Korsakova. 2006;3:4–10.Google Scholar
76. Gusev, EI, Boiko, A, Smirnova, NF, Demina, TL. Risk factors for development of multiple sclerosis in Moscow population. Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr im SS Korsakova. 1999;99:32–40.Google Scholar
77. Inskip, PD, Mellemkjaer, L, Gridley, G, et al. Incidence of intracranial tumors following hospitalization for head injuries (Denmark). Cancer Causes Control. 1998;9:109–16.Google Scholar
78. Jones, F, Fletcher, BC. Occupational factors in multiple sclerosis: an analysis of occupational mortality statistics for men and married women in Great Britain. Neuroepidemiology. 1996;15:222–8.Google Scholar
79. Kahana, E, Zilber, N, Abramson, JH, Biton, V, Leibowitz, Y, Abramsky, O. Multiple sclerosis: genetic versus environmental aetiology: epidemiology in Israel updated. J Neurol. 1994;241:341–6.Google Scholar
80. Koch-Henriksen, N. The Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry: a 50-year follow-up. Mult Scler. 1999;5:293–6.Google Scholar
81. Li, J, Johansen, C, Bronnum-Hansen, H, Stenager, E, Koch-Henriksen, N, Olsen, J. The risk of multiple sclerosis in bereaved parents: a nation-wide cohort study in Denmark. Neurol. 2004;62:726–9.Google Scholar
82. Ristori, G, Cannoni, S, Stazi, MA, et al. Multiple sclerosis in twins from continental Italy and Sardinia: a nationwide study. Ann Neurol. 2006;59:27–34.Google Scholar
83. Westlund, KB, Kurland, LT. Studies on multiple sclerosis in Winnipeg, Manitoba, and New Orleans, Louisiana: I. Prevalence. Comparison between the patient groups in Winnipeg and New Orleans. Am J Epidemiol. 1953;57:380–96.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
84. Zilber, N, Kahana, E. Risk factors for multiple sclerosis: a case-control study in Israel. Acta Neurol Scand. 1996;94:395–403.Google Scholar
85. Hollander, E. Trauma, multiple sclerosis, delayed sleep phase disorder, subjective experiences, and duration of illness in GAD. CNS Spectrums. 2008;13:361–2.Google Scholar
86. Visintainer, PF, Lauer, K, Poser, CM, et al. Physical trauma and multiple sclerosis [1]. Neurology. 1994;44:1360–4.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
87. Cohen, JR, Katz, ER. Playing it safe: prevent falls, cuts, or burns. Momentum. 2008;1:8–9.Google Scholar
88. Gross-Paju, K, Oopik, M, Luus, SM, Kalbe, I, Kaasik, AE. The risk of motor neurone disease and multiple sclerosis is different in Estonians and Russians. Data from South Estonia. Eur J Neurol. 1999;6:187–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
89. Sibley, WA, Bamford, CR, Clark, K, Smith, MS, Laguna, JF. A prospective study of physical trauma and multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1991;54:584–9.Google Scholar
90. Axelson, O, Landtblom, AM, Flodin, U. Multiple sclerosis and ionizing radiation. Neuroepidemiology. 2001;20:175–8.Google Scholar
91. Landtblom, AM, Flodin, U, Karlsson, M, Palhagen, W, Axelson, O, Soderfeldt, B. Multiple sclerosis and exposure to solvents, ionizing radiation and animals. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1993;19:399–404.Google Scholar
92. Song, F, Parekh, S, Hooper, L, et al. Dissemination and publication of research findings: an updated review of related biases. Health Technol Assess. 2010;14(8):1–220.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
93. Lilienfeld, AM, Lilienfeld, DE. Foundations of epidemiology, 2nd ed. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press; 1980.Google Scholar
94. Ioannidis, JPA. Why most published research findings are false. PLoS Medicine. 2005;2(8):e124.Google Scholar
95. Onyskiw, J. The meta-analytic approach to research integration. In: Warren, S, Janzen, W, Dobbs, B, editors. Power in research. Edmonton: RRC Press; 2002. p. 335–51.Google Scholar
96. Allison, RS, Millar, JHD. Prevalence and familial incidence of disseminated sclerosis; a report to the Northern Ireland Hospitals Authority on the results of a three-year survey. Belfast: Ulster Med Soc; 1954.Google Scholar
97. McAlpine, D, Lumsden, CE, Acheson, D. Multiple sclerosis, a reappraisal. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 1972.Google Scholar
98. McDonald, WI, Compston, A, Edan, G, et al. Special report - Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis. Ann Neurol. 2001;50:121–7.Google Scholar
99. Millar, JH, Allison, RS. Familial incidence of disseminated sclerosis in Northern Ireland. Ulster Med J. 1954;23:29–92.Google Scholar
100. Poser, CM, Paty, DW, Scheinberg, L, McDonald, WI, Davis, FA, Ebers, GC, et al. New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines for research protocols. Ann Neurol. 1983;13:227–31.Google Scholar
101. Rose, AS, Ellison, GW, Myers, LW, Tourtellotte, WW. Criteria for the clinical diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 1976;26:20–2.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed