Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-7drxs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-18T12:32:03.377Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Concussion in Hockey: Compliance with Return to Play Advice and Follow-up Status

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 July 2016

Alun Ackery ,
Christine Provvidenza  and
Charles H. Tutor
Alun Ackery
Affiliation:
ThinkFirst Canada, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Christine Provvidenza
Affiliation:
ThinkFirst Canada, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Charles H. Tutor*
Affiliation:
ThinkFirst Canada, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
*
399 Bathurst St. 4W-433, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S8, Canada
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Objectives:

To determine the compliance rate among hockey players with concussion or other head injuries who were advised by a physician about return to play. To assess compliance of hockey players with return to play advice and to assess the incidence of long-term post-concussion symptoms.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review, telephone questionnaire and follow-up analysis of income, level of education and professional aspirations. The study examined 40 hockey players with concussion or other head injury treated at a neurosurgical ambulatory clinic, who had initial visits between 1995 and 2003, and had been seen at least two years prior to completing the questionnaire.

Results:

There was a 58% (23 of 40) participation rate in the study. Fifteen (65%) of the 23 participants were advised to never return to play, and 5 (33%) were non-compliant and returned to play. Four (80%) of the five non-compliant players continued to suffer from post concussion symptoms. Overall, 15 (65%) of the 23 players participating in the study continued to suffer post concussion symptoms at least two years after the clinic visit.

Conclusions:

Five (33%) of 15 hockey players advised to never return to play were non-compliant and returned to play, and four continued to suffer from post concussion symptoms two or more years later. After repeated concussions, 65% of hockey players had long-term sequelae that prevented return to play and produced long-term post-concussion symptoms.

Type
Original Article
Information
Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences , Volume 36 , Issue 2 , March 2009 , pp. 207 - 212
Copyright
Copyright © The Canadian Journal of Neurological 2009

References

1. Wennberg, RA, Tator, CH.National Hockey League reported concussions, 1986–87 to 2001–02. Can J Neurol Sci. 2003; 30:206–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
2.Bailes, JE, Hudson, V.Classification of sport-related head trauma: a spectrum of mild to severe injury. J Athl Train. 2001; 36: 236–43.Google ScholarPubMed
3.Grindel, SH, Lovell, MR, Collins, MW.The assessment of sport-related concussion: The evidence behind neuropsychological testing and management. Clin J Sport Med. 2001; 11:134–43.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
4.McCrory, P, Johnston, K, Meeuwisse, W, Aubry, M, Cantu, R, Dvorak, J, et al.Summary and agreement statement of the 2nd international conference on concussion in sport, Prague 2004. Br J Sports Med. 2005; 39:196–204.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Tator, CH.Chapter 15: Spinal cord and brain injuries in ice hockey. In: Bailes, JE, Day, AL, editors. Neurological sports medicine, rolling meadows, IL: Amer Assoc Neuro Surg; 2001. p. 261–72.Google Scholar
6.McCrory, P, Johnston, K, Meeuwisse, W, Aubry, M, Cantu, R, Dvorak, J, et al.Summary and agreement statement of the 2nd International Conference on Concussion in Sport, Prague 2004. Clin J Sport Med. 2005; 15:48–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7.Johnston, KM, McCrory, P, Mohtadi, NG, Meeuwisse, W.Evidencebased review of sport-related concussion: clinical science. Clin J Sport Med. 2001; 11:150–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8.Medicine CAoS. Position Statement: Guidelines for the assessmentand management of sport-related concussion. Can J Sport Med. 2000; 10.Google Scholar
9.McCrory, P, Johnston, KM, Mohtadi, NG, Meeuwisse, W.Evidence-based review of sport-related concussion: basic science. Clin J Sport Med. 2001; 11:160–5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10.Ledere, S, Lassonde, M, Delaney, JS, Lacroix, VJ, Johnston, KM.Recommendations for grading of concussion in athletes. Sports Med. 2001;31:629–36.Google Scholar
11.Oliaro, S, Anderson, S, Hooker, D.Management of cerebral concussion in sports: the athletic trainer’s perspective. J Athl Train. 2001; 36:257–62.Google ScholarPubMed
12.Cantu, RC.Posttraumatic Retrograde and anterograde amnesia: pathophysiology and implications in grading and safe return to play. J Athl Train. 2001; 36:244–8.Google ScholarPubMed
13.McCrory, P.The eighth wonder of the world: the mythology of concussion management. Br J Sports Med. 1999; 33:136–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Cantu, RC.Recurrent athletic head injury: risks and when to retire. Clin Sports Med. 2003; 22:593–603.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15.Kelly, JP, Nichols, JS, Filley, CM, Lillehei, KO, Rubinstein, D, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, BK.Concussion in sports. Guidelines for the prevention of catastrophic outcome. JAMA. 1991; 266: 2867–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16.Kelly, JP, Rosenberg, JH.Diagnosis and management of concussion in sports. Neurology. 1997; 48:575–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17.Flik, K, Lyman, S, Marx, RG.American collegiate men’s ice hockey: an analysis of injuries. Am J Sports Med. 2005; 33:183–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18.Goodman, D, Gaetz, M, Meichenbaum, D.Concussions in hockey: there is cause for concern. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001; 33: 2004–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19.Williamson, IJ, Goodman, D.Converging evidence for the under-reporting of concussions in youth ice hockey. Br J Sports Med. 2006;40:128–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20.McCrea, M.Standardized mental status testing on the sideline after sport-related concussion. J Athl Train. 2001; 36:274–9.Google ScholarPubMed
21.McCrea, M.Standardized mental status assessment of sports concussion. Clin J Sport Med. 2001; 11:176–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.Cook, DJ, Cusimano, MD, Tator, CH, Chipman, ML.Evaluation of the ThinkFirst Canada, Smart Hockey, brain and spinal cord injury prevention video. Inj Prev. 2003; 9:361–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23.Goodman, D, Bradley, NL, Paras, B, Williamson, IJ, Bizzochi, J.Video gaming promotes concussion knowledge acquisition in youth hockey players. J Adolesc. 2006; 29:357–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed