Background: Rugby is a high-intensity, full-body contact sport in which there is an increased risk of injury associated with participation. The objectives of this study were to identify the mechanisms and characteristics of rugby-related injury sustained amongst Canadian youth. Methods: Data were obtained from the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program database. The study population consisted of individuals aged 10-19 who sustained an injury while participating in rugby between the years 1990 and 2014. Proportions of body parts injured, mechanisms of brain injury, and nature of injury were calculated with 95% confidence intervals. Results: There were a total of 6200 rugby-related injuries sustained among individuals aged 10-19 between the years 1990 and 2014. 16.0% (N=993) of all injuries were brain injuries, 48.9% (n=486) of which were concussions. 70.7% (n=4838) of all injuries were sustained by males. The predominant mechanism of brain injury was tackling which accounted for 48.3% of all brain injuries n=480. Conclusion: Participation in rugby is rapidly increasing, and brain injury as a result of participation is a common occurrence. Possible changes to reduce injury include stricter penalties for high tackles to the head and neck area, and rules against blindside tackles.