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Time-course effects of protein malnutrition on hepatic fatty acids Δ6 and Δ5 desaturation in the growing rat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Michel Narce ,
Jean-Pierre Poisson ,
Jacques Belleville  and
Bernard Chanussot
Michel Narce
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale et de la Nutrition, UA CNRS 273, Faculté des Sciences Mirande, BP 138, 21004 Dijon Cedex, France
Jean-Pierre Poisson
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale et de la Nutrition, UA CNRS 273, Faculté des Sciences Mirande, BP 138, 21004 Dijon Cedex, France
Jacques Belleville
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale et de la Nutrition, UA CNRS 273, Faculté des Sciences Mirande, BP 138, 21004 Dijon Cedex, France
Bernard Chanussot
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale et de la Nutrition, UA CNRS 273, Faculté des Sciences Mirande, BP 138, 21004 Dijon Cedex, France
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Abstract

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1. In growing rats, the time-course effects of giving a normal-protein diet (200 g casein/kg; NP) for 52 d, a low-protein diet (20 g casein/kg; LP) for 52 d and a LP diet for 26 d followed by balanced refeeding (200 g casein/kg; BR) for 26 d, on the fatty acid composition of liver total lipids and microsomal phospholipids were investigated together with Δ6- and Δ5-microsomal desaturase activities.

2. The oleic acid content (mg/g tissue) of liver total lipids increased progressively with the LP diet, while linoleic acid was increased only at days 7 and 52. 20:3ω6, 20:4ω6, 22:5ω6 and 22:6ω3 fatty acids decreased during the period on the LP diet. BR for 7 d was sufficient to restore the fatty acid composition of total lipids to control values. Changes in the fatty acid composition of liver microsomal L-α-phosphatidylcholines were observed only after 52 d on the LP diet; the proportions (% w/w total fatty acids) of 18:0, 20:3ω6 and 20:4ω6 fatty acids decreased while oleic acid increased. The fatty acid composition of L-α-phosphatidylethanolamines was less affected.

3. Δ6- and Δ5-desaturase activities decreased to 20–30% of their original values after 2 d on the LP diet; a smaller deficit prevailed after 14 d but disappeared after 25 d, to appear again after 52 d. As early as day 2 of BR, desaturase activities were greatly recovered and returned to control values at day 13.

4. The present work shows that modifications in microsomal Δ6- and Δ5-desaturase activities are not strictly paralleled by the changes in the composition of fatty acids of liver total lipids and microsomal phospholipids.

Type
General Nutrition papers
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 60 , Issue 2 , September 1988 , pp. 389 - 402
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1988

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