Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-m42fx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-18T15:26:44.575Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Nitrogen balance studies with the milk-fed lamb

6*. Effect of starvation and realimentation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

D. M. Walker
D. M. Walker
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Husbandry, University of Sydney, Australia
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

1. Five male cross-bred lambs at the age of 3 weeks were starved for a period of 4 days. The utilization of nitrogen, energy and minerals was compared with the pre-starvation and post-starvation periods, when the lambs were given reconstituted dried whole cow's milk.

2. The mean loss in weight during starvation was 253 g/24 h. The gain in weight during realimentation was significantly greater than that in the pre-starvation period, when adjusted for differences in energy intake.

3. The urinary loss of N during starvation was 478 mg N/kg live weight 24 h. During realimentation the urinary N loss was greater than during the pie-starvation period. A higher urea excretion during realimentation was responsible for the increased urinary N.

4. Excretion of ammonia, creatine, amino acid and purine base N increased during starvation. Excretion of creatinine N remained constant.

5. The increase in total sulphur excretion during starvation was due mainly to an increase in the inorganic sulphate fraction. The ratio of N to S of 27: 1 during starvation was much greater than would be expected from the katabolism of muscle tissue alone (ratio N to S = 16.2:1).

6. The titratable acidity and acetone excretion in the urine increased during starvation.

7. There was a marked reduction in the urinary excretion of chloride, potassium and sodium during starvation, an increase in the excretion of phosphorus, but little change in the excretion of calcium and magnesium. The loss of minerals was not closely related to the losses predicted from muscle tissue alone.

8. Pulse rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature all decreased during starvation. Heat production decreased after 1 day of starvation, but was relatively constant thereafter.

9. Blood urea concentrations did not change significantly during starvation.

10. The results for the lamb were in reasonable agreement with published results for the calf, except for the marked ketone acidosis and considerable increase in the excretion of purine N. The losses during starvation differed from those with the adult sheep in showing a relatively greater loss of body protein.

Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 21 , Issue 2 , May 1967 , pp. 289 - 308
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1967

References

Alexander, G. (1961). Aust. J. agric. Res. 12, 1139.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alexander, G. (1962). Aust. J. agric. Res. 13, 144.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allen, R. J. L. (1940). Biochem. J. 34, 858.Google Scholar
Association of Official Agricultural Chemists (1960). Official Methods of Analysis, 9th ed. Washington: Association of Official Agricultural Chemists.Google Scholar
Benedict, S. R. (1909). J. biol. Chem. 6, 363.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blaxter, K. L. & Wood, W. A. (1951). Br. J. Nutr. 5, 29.Google Scholar
Carubelli, R., Smith, W. O. & Hammersten, J. F. (1959). Clin. chem. 5, 45.Google Scholar
Dewar, A. D. & Newton, W. H. (1948–1949). Br. J. Nutr. 2, 123.Google Scholar
Dickerson, J. W. T. & Widdowson, E. M. (1960). Biochem. J. 74, 247.Google Scholar
Folin, O. (1905). Am. J. Physiol. 13, 66.Google Scholar
Folin, O. (1914). J. biol. Chem. 17, 469.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gamble, J. L., Ross, G. S. & Tisdall, F. F. (1923). J. biod. Chem. 57, 633.Google Scholar
Hawk, P. B., Oser, B. L. & Summerson, W. H. (1954). Practical Physiological Chemistry, 13th ed. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Book Co. Inc.Google Scholar
Howard, A. & Lawrie, R. A. (1956). Tech. Pap. Div. Fd Preserv. C.S.I.R.O. Aust. no. 2.Google Scholar
Hutchinson, J. C. D. & Morris, S. (1936). Biochem. J. 30, 1695.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaiser, I. H. & Cummings, J. N. (1958). Am. J. Physiol. 193, 627.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, E. J. & Wootton, I. D. P. (1959). Micro-analysis in Medical Biochemistry, 3rd ed. London: J. and A. Churchill.Google Scholar
Lusk, G. (1917). The Elements of the Science of Nutrition, 3rd ed. Philadelphia and London: W. B. Saunders Co.Google Scholar
McCance, R. A. & Widdowson, E. M. (1964). In Mammalian Protein Metabolism. Vol. 2, p. 225. [Munro, H. N. and Allison, J. B., editors.] New York: Academic Press Inc.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McCance, R. A., Widdowson, E. M. & Shackleton, L. R. B. (1938). Spec. Rep. Ser. med. Res. Coun., Lond. no. 213.Google Scholar
Marston, H. R. (1948). Aust. J. scient. Res. B 1, 362Google Scholar
Masters, M. & McCance, R. A. (1939). Biochem. J. 33, 1304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, J. H. & Clawson, W.J. (1964). J. Anim. Sci. 23, 214.Google Scholar
Morris, S. & Ray, S. C. (1939). Biochem. J. 33, 1217.Google Scholar
Parr Instrument Company (1960). Technical Manual no. 130. Illinois: Parr Instrument Co.Google Scholar
Peirce, A. W. (1934). Bull. Coun. scient. ind. Res., Melb. no. 84.Google Scholar
Peters, J. P. & Van Slyke, D. D. (1946). Quantitative Clinical Chemistry. Vol. 1. Interpretations, 2nd ed. London: Baillière, Tindall and Cox.Google Scholar
Reid, R. I. (1960). Analyst, Lond. 85, 265.Google Scholar
Walker, D. M. & Cook, L. J. (1967). Br. J. Nutr. 21, 237.Google Scholar
Walker, D.M. & Faichney, G. J. (1964 a). Br. J. Nutr. 18, 187.Google Scholar
Walker, D.M. & Faichney, G. J. (1964 b). Br. J. Nutr. 18, 201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, D.M. & Faichney, G. J. (1964 c). Br. J. Nutr. 18, 295.Google Scholar
Widdowson, E. M. (1959). Physiology of Prematurity, p. 97. New York: Josiah Macy Jr Foundation.Google Scholar
Widdowson, E. M. & Southgate, D. A. T. (1959). Biochem. J. 72, 200.Google Scholar