Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-2xdlg Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-07T23:59:18.208Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of feeding medium-chain triacylglycerols on maternal lipid metabolism and pup growth in lactating rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Paulo F. A. Souza  and
Dermot H. Williamson
Paulo F. A. Souza
Affiliation:
Metabolic Research Laboratory, Nufield Department of Clinical Medicine, Radclife Infrmary, Woodsrock Road, Oxford OX2 6HE
Dermot H. Williamson
Affiliation:
Metabolic Research Laboratory, Nufield Department of Clinical Medicine, Radclife Infrmary, Woodsrock Road, Oxford OX2 6HE
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

To study the effects of medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCT) on maternal lipid metabolism and pup growth, MCT (200 g/kg) were incorporated into a commercial chow diet and fed to lactating rats for 8–10 d. The results were compared with similar diets containing sunflower oil (polyunsaturated fatty acids; PUFA), tristearin (saturated fatty acid) or triolein (monounsaturated fatty acid). There was decreased food and energy intake with the MCT diet and this was accompanied by decreased (35%) pup growth. All the high-fat diets inhibited lipogenesis in vivo in the lactating mammary gland, the order of effectiveness being PUFA > triolein > tristearin > MCT. Only the MCT diet increased the rate of hepatic lipogenesis (180%). Experiments feeding an MCT meal containing [l-14C]octanoate indicated that very little (3–4%) of the C was present in mammary gland lipid, unlike the findings with [l-14C]triolein meal (40%). The major portion (65%) of the absorbed [l-I4C]octanoate was oxidized to 14CO2. There was no evidence for adaptation of the mammary gland to increased dietary lipid uptake on the triolein or MCT diets. It is concluded that the decreased pup growth on the MCT diet is due in part to the decreased energy intake and to the inability of dietary medium-chain fatty acids to provide substrates for milk lipid synthesis.

Keywords

Medium-chain triacylglycerolsLactationRats
Type
Effects of Medium-chain Triacylglycerols in Lactating Rats
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 69 , Issue 3 , May 1993 , pp. 779 - 787
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1993

References

Agius, L. & Williamson, D. H. (1980). Rapid inhibition of lipogenesis in vitro in lactating rat mammary gland by medium- or long-chain triacylglycerols and partial reversal by insulin. Biochemical Journal 192, 361–364.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baba, N., Bracco, E. F. & Hashim, S. A. (1982). Enhanced thermogenesis and diminished deposition of fat in response to overfeeding with diet containing medium-chain triglyceride. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 35, 678–682.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bach, A. C. & Babayan, V. K. (1982). Medium chain triglycerides: an update. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 36, 950–962.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bauman, D. E. & Davis, C. L. (1974). Biosynthesis of milk fat. In Lactation, A Comprehensive Treatise, vol. 2, pp. 31–75 [Larson, B. L. and Smith, V. R., editors]. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Geliebter, A., Torbay, N., Bracco, E. F., Hashim, S. A. & Van Itallie, T. B. (1983). Overfeeding with medium- chain triglyceride diet results in diminished deposition of fat. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 37, 14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gibbons, G. F. (1990). Assembly and secretion of hepatic very-low-density lipoprotein. Biochemical Journal 268, 1–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greenberger, N. J. & Silkman, T. G. (1969). Medium-chain triglycerides -physiologic considerations and clinical implications. New England Journal of Medicine 280, 1045–1058.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grigor, M. R. & Warren, S. M. (1980). Dietary regulation of mammary lipogenesis in lactating rats. Biochemical Journal 188, 61–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hamilton, J. D., Webb, J. P. & Dawson, A. M. (1969). The absorption of tristearin and stearic acid and tripalmitin and palmitic acid. Studies on the rate-limiting steps in rats. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 176, 27–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Heesom, K. J., Souza, P. F. A., Ilic, V. & Williamson, D. H. (1992). Chain-length dependency of interactions of medium-chain fatty acids with glucose metabolism in acini isolated from lactating rat mammary glands. A putative feed-back to control milk lipid synthesis from glucose. Biochemical Journal 281, 273–278.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hohorst, H. J. (1963). L-(+)-Lactate. Determination with lactate dehydrogenase and DPN. In Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, pp. 266–270 [Bergmeyer, H. U., editor]. New York and London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Katz, J., Wals, P. A. & Van de Velde, R. L. (1974). Lipogenesis by acini from mammary gland of lactating rats. Journal of Biological Chemistry 249, 7348–7357.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Libertini, L. J. & Smith, S. (1978). Purification and properties of a thioesterase from lactating mammary gland which modifies the product specificity of fatty acid synthesis. Journal of Biologica1 Chemistry 253, 1393–1401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mercer, S. W. & Williamson, D. H. (1987). The regulation of lipogenesis in vivo in the lactating mammary gland of the rat during the starved-refed transition. Studies with acarbose, a glucosidase inhibitor. Biochemiral Journal 242, 235–243.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Munday, M. R. & Williamson, D. H. (1983). Diurnal variations in food intake and in lipogenesis in mammary gland and liver of lactating rats. Biochemical Journal 214, 183–187.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Oller do Nascimento, C. M. & Williamson, D. H. (1986). Evidence for conservation of dietary lipid in the rat during lactation and the immediate period after removal of the litter. Decreased oxidation of oral [ I-14C]triolein.Biochemical Journal 239, 233–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robinson, A. M., Girard, J. R. & Williamson, D. H. (1978). Evidence for a role of insulin in the regulation of lipogenesis in lactating rat mammary gland. Measurements of lipogenesis in vivo and plasma hormone concentrations in response to starvation and refeeding. Biochemical Journal 176, 343–346.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Robinson, A. M. & Williamson, D. H. (1977). Comparison of glucose metabolism in the lactating mammary gland of the rat in vivo and in vitro. Effects of starvation, prolactin or insulin deficiency. Biochemical Journal 164, 153–159.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scharrer, E. & Langhans, W. (1990). Mechanisms for the effect of body fat on food intake. International Monographs in Nutrition, Metabolism and Obesity 1, 63–86.Google Scholar
Slein, M. W. (1963). D-Glucose. In Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, pp. 117–123 [Bergmeyer, H. U., editor]. New York and London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Souza, P. F. A. & Williamson, D. H. (1990). Differential effects of dietary fatty acid saturation and chain length on lipogenesis in liver and mammary gland of lactating rats. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 49, 3A.Google Scholar
Souza, P. F. A. & Williamson, D. H. (1991). Effects of long-term feeding of high fat diets containing triolein or medium-chain triacylglycerols to lactating rats on the disposal of a meal containing the 14C-labelled lipid. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 50, 7A.Google Scholar
Stansbie, D., Brownsey, R. W., Crettaz, M. & Denton, R. M. (1976). Acute effects it? vivo of anti-insulin serum on rates of fatty acid synthesis and activities of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase and pyruvate dehydrogenase in liver and epididymal adipose tissue of fed rats. Biochemical Journal 160, 413–416.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vernon, R. G. & Flint, D. J. (1983). Control of fatty acid synthesis in lactation. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 42, 315–331.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wallenstein, S., Zucker, C. L. & Fleiss, J. L. (1980). Some statistical methods useful in circulation research. Circulation Research 47, 1–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Williamson, D. H. (1980). Integration of metabolism in tissues of the lactating rat. FEBS Letters 117, Suppl., K93–K105.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed