Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-qxdb6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-26T16:23:22.741Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Differential effects of konbu and nori seaweed dietary supplementation on liver glutathione status in normo- and hypercholesterolaemic growing rats

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 March 2007

Aránzazu Bocanegra ,
Juana Beneduí  and
Francisco J. Sé nchez-Muniz
Aránzazu Bocanegra
Affiliation:
Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I (Nutrición), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040- Madrid, Spain
Juana Beneduí
Affiliation:
Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28 040-Madrid, Spain
Francisco J. Sé nchez-Muniz*
Affiliation:
Departamento de Nutrición y Bromatología I (Nutrición), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040- Madrid, Spain
*
*Corresponding author: Professor Dr Francisco J. Sánchez-Muniz, fax +34 91 3941810, email frasan@farm.ucm.es
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The effects of six balanced diets for 3 weeks on dietary intake, growth, liver weight and fat, plasma cholesterol, total antioxidant capacity, liver glutathione status and antioxidant enzymes in growing male Wistar rats were studied. Ten rats per group were fed casein- and soyabean-based diets with or without 2·4% cholesterol-raising agent. Seven percent of the diet consisted of a cellulose–wheat starch mix (35:65; control diets), freeze-dried nori (nori diets) or konbu (konbu diets). The 7% dietary supplement of seaweeds was well accepted and induced normal growth rates in rats. Except for food intake, total and reduced glutathione and total antioxidant capacity, dietary cholesterol addition significantly affected (at least P<0·05) all parameters studied. Alga consumption affected total and reduced glutathione, glutathione reductase activity, plasma cholesterol, and total and cholesterol-adjusted total antioxidant capacity (at least P<0·05). A significant cholesterol–alga interaction was found for liver weight, total glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the Se-dependent GSH-Px:total GSH-Px ratio (at least P<0·05). GSH-Px activity increased in cholesterol-fed nori rats mainly as Se-dependent GSH-Px, while in konbu and control groups the GSH-Px activity was related to increases in both non-Se-dependent and Se-dependent GSH-Px activities. The decrease in the antioxidant status of konbu rats was related to the high As content of this alga, which led to a compensatory increase in glutathione reductase activity in these animals. In conclusion, although some antioxidant compounds are present in algae, other dietary compounds, such as As, induced poor antioxidant status in rats.

Keywords

AlgaeFood intakeHypercholesterolaemic ratsLiverAntioxidant status
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 95 , Issue 4 , April 2006 , pp. 696 - 702
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2006

References

Barga de Quiroga, G, Perez de Campo, R & López-Torres, MAntioxidant defences and peroxidation in liver and brain of aged rats. Biochem J (1990) 272, 247–250.Google Scholar
Bligh, EC & Dyer, WJA rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can J Biochem Physiol (1959) 37, 911–917.Google Scholar
Bocanegra, A, Nieto, A, Blas, A & Sánchez-Muniz, FJDiets containing a high percentage of nori or konbu algae are wellaccepted and efficiently utilised by growing rats but induce different degrees of histological changes in the liver and bowel. Food Chem Toxicol (2003) 41, 1473–1480.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Conquer, JA & Holub, BJSupplementation with an alga source of docosahexaenoic acid increases (n-3) fatty acid status and alters selected risk factors for heart disease in vegetarian subjects Nutrition (1996) 126, 3032–3039.Google Scholar
Ergueta Martínez, A Análisis elemental de algas empleadas en alimentación, mediante espectrometrías ICP. PhD Thesis, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. (2001)Google Scholar
Ernst, ESerious adverse effects of unconventional therapies for children and adolescents: a systematic review of recent evidence. Eur J Ped (2003) 162, 81–83.Google Scholar
Figueira, MM, Volesky, B, Ciminelli, VST & Roddick, FABiosorption of metals in brown seaweed biomass Water Res. (2000) 34, 196–204.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fleurence, JSeaweed proteins: biochemical, nutritional aspects and potential uses. Trends Food Sci Tech (1999) 10, 25–28.Google Scholar
Fukushima, M, Ohhashi, T, Ohno, S, Saitoh, H, Sonoyama, K, Shimada, K, Sekikawa, M & Nakano, MEffects of diets enriched in n-6 or n-3 fatty acids on cholesterol metabolism in older rats chronically fed a cholesterol-enriched diet. Lipids (2001) 36, 261–266.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Griffith, OWDetermination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide using glutathione reductase and 2-vinylpyridine. Anal Biochem (1980) 106, 207–212.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ho, YBMetals in Ulva lactuca in Hong Kong intertidal waters Bull Mar Sci (1990) 47, 79–85.Google Scholar
Ismail, A & Siew Hong, TAntioxidant activity of selected commercial eaweeds. Mal J Nutr (2002) 8, 167–177.Google Scholar
Ito, KTsuchiya, YThe effect of algal polysaccharides on the depressing of plasma cholesterol levels in rats In Proceeding of The Seventh International Seaweed Symposium, pp. 451–454Tokyo: Tokyo University Press. (1972)Google Scholar
Jeong, BY, Cho, DM, Moon, SK & Pyeum, JHQuality factors and functional components in the edible seaweeds. I. Distribution on n-3 fatty acids in 10 species of seaweeds by their habitats J Korean Soc Food Nutr (1993) 22, 612–628.Google Scholar
Jiménez-Escrig, A & Goñi, IEvaluación nutricional y efectos fisiológicos de macroalgas marinas comestibles (Nutritional evaluation and physiological effects of edible marine algae) Arch Latinoam Nutr (1999) 49, 114–120.Google Scholar
Jiménez-Escrig, A & Sánchez-Muniz, FJDietary fibre from edible seaweeds: chemical structure, physicochemical properties and effects on cholesterol metabolism. Nutr Res (2000) 20, 585–598.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koseki, M, Tsuji, K, Kazama, M, Kitabatake, N & Doi, EInteraction between dietary cholesterol or fatty acids and water-soluble fibers and increase in cholesterol excretion by pectin in rats. Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi (1990) 37, 559–564.Google Scholar
Kritchevsky, D & Story, JAInfluence of dietary fibre on cholesterol metabolism in experimental animals. In Handbook of Dietary Fiber in Human Nutrition, pp. 163–178Spiller, GA, editor Boca Raton, CA: CRC Press. (1993)Google Scholar
Lahayen, MMarine algae as sources of fibres: determination of soluble and insoluble dietary fibre contents in some sea vegetables. J Sci Food Agric (1991) 54, 587–594.Google Scholar
Lawrence, R & Burk, RGlutathione peroxidase activity in selenium- deficient rat liver Biochem Biophys Res Commun (1976) 7, 952–958.Google Scholar
Lowry, OH, Rosebrough, NJ, Farr, Al & Randall, RLProtein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem (1951) 193, 265–275.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mahfouz, MM & Kummerow, FACholesterol-rich diets have different effects on lipid peroxidation, cholesterol oxides and antioxidant enzymes in rats and rabbits. J Nutr Biochem (2000) 11, 293–302.Google Scholar
Maruyama, H, Watanabe, K & Yamamoto, IEffect of dietary kelp on lipid peroxidation and glutathione peroxidase activity in livers of rats given breast carcinogen DMBA. Nutr Cancer (1991) 15, 221–228.Google Scholar
Menone, ML & Pflugmache, SEffects of 3-chlorobyfphenyl on photosynthetic oxygen production glutathione content in the detoxication enzymes in the acuatic macrocytes Ceratophyllum demersum Chemosphere (2005) 60, 79–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, NJ, Rice-Evans, C, Davies, MJ, Gopinathan, V & Milner, AA novel method for measuring antioxidant capacity and its application to monitoring the antioxidant status in premature neonates. Clin Sci (London) (1993) 84, 407–412.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
National Research Council Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. Publication no. 85–23 (revision). Washington, DC: NIH. (1985)Google Scholar
Nikaido, M, Pi, J, Jumagai, Y, Yamauchi, H, Taguchi, K, Horiguchi, S, Sun, Y, Sun, G & Shimojo, NDecreased enzyme activity of hepatic thioredoxin reductase and glutathione reductase in rabbits by prolonged exposure to inorganic arsenate. Environ Toxicol (2003) 18, 306–311.Google Scholar
Paglia, D & Valentine, WStudies on the quantitative and qualitative characterization of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase J Lab Clin Med (1967) 70, 158–169.Google Scholar
Phaneuf, D, Côté, I, Dumas, P, Ferron, LA & LeBlanc, AEvaluation of the contamination of marine algae (seaweed) from the St. Lawrence river and likely to be consumed by humans. Environ Res (1999) 80A, S175S182.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rabbani, GH, Saha, SK, Akhtar, M, Marni, F, Mitra, AK, Ahmed, S, Alauddin, M, Bhattacharjee, M, Sultana, S & Chowdhury, AKAntioxidants in detoxification of arsenic-induced oxidative injury in rabbits: preliminary results. J Environ Sci Health (2003) 38A, 273–287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rao, G, Xia, E, Nadakavukaren, MJ & Richardson, AEffect of dietary restriction on the age-dependent changes in the expression of antioxidant enzymes in rat liver. J Nutrition (1990) 120, 602–609.Google Scholar
Ródenas de la Rocha, S, Ergueta Martínez, A, Sánchez Muniz, FJ & Larrea Marín, MTAnálisis elemental de algas por ICPAES (Elemental analysis of algae for ICP-AES). Schironia (2002) 1, 10–15.Google Scholar
Rupérez, P & Saura-Calixto, FDietary fiber and physicochemical properties of edible Spanish seaweeds. Eur Food Res Technol (2001) 212, 349–354.Google Scholar
Sánchez-Muniz, FJ, Cava, F, Viejo, JM, Bastida, S, Higón, EMarcos, AOlive oil-fried sardines in the prevention of dietary hypercholesterolemia in rats. Effects on some serum lipids and cell-damage marker enzymes. Nutr Res (1996) 16, 111–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sánchez-Muniz, FJ, García Linares, MC, García Arias, MT, Bastida, S & Viejo, JFat and protein from olive oil fried sardines interact to normalize serum lipoproteins and liver lipids in hypercholesterolemic rats. J Nutr (2003) 133, 2302–2308.Google Scholar
Viejo, J, García-Linares, MC, Bastida, S, García-Arias, MT & Sánchez-Muniz, FJEffect of olive oil-fried sardine consumption on liver lipid composition and fatty acid esterification in hypercholesterolemic rats. Food Sci Technol Int (2003) 9, 329338.Google Scholar
Wong, KH, Sam, SW, Cheung, PCK & Ang, POChanges in lipid profiles of rats fed with seaweed-based diets. Nutr Res (1999) 19, 1519–1527.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhang, Q, Ning, L, Gefei, Z, Xiaolan, L & Zuhong, XIn vivo antioxidant activity of polysaccharide fraction from Porphyra haitanensis (Rhodephyta) in aging mice. Pharmacol Res (2003) 48, 151–155.Google Scholar
Zhang, Q, Ning, L, Xiguang, L, Zengqin, Z, Zhien, L & Zuhong, XThe structure of a sulfated galactan from Porphyra haitanensis and its in vivo antioxidant activity. Carbohyd Res (2004) 339, 105111.Google Scholar