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Association between dairy products consumption and the prevalences of combined prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Brazilian adolescents: a cross-sectional study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 June 2023

Marcela Medina ,
Felipe Vogt Cureau ,
Beatriz D. Schaan ,
Vanessa Bielefeldt Leotti ,
Priscila Bárbara Zanini Rosa Open the ORCID record for Priscila Bárbara Zanini Rosa [Opens in a new window] ,
Mark A. Pereira  and
Michele Drehmer Open the ORCID record for Michele Drehmer [Opens in a new window]
Marcela Medina
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Studies Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
Felipe Vogt Cureau
Affiliation:
Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
Beatriz D. Schaan
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
Vanessa Bielefeldt Leotti
Affiliation:
Department of Statistics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil Postgraduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
Priscila Bárbara Zanini Rosa
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
Mark A. Pereira
Affiliation:
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
Michele Drehmer*
Affiliation:
Postgraduate Studies Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil Postgraduate Studies Program in Epidemiology, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
*
*Corresponding author: Michele Drehmer, email midrehmer@hcpa.edu.br
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Abstract

The association between dairy products consumption in adults and the likelihood of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been described, but more information on the adolescent population is needed. This nationally representative, cross-sectional school-based study aimed to describe the consumption of dairy products and their subtypes and to evaluate their association with prediabetes and T2DM in adolescents. The Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA) includes adolescents aged 12–17 years. Dairy products consumption was evaluated by 24-h food recall. Associations with fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and insulin resistance, as measured by homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), were evaluated by multivariate linear regression. Poisson regression was also used to assess the association between dairy products consumption and the combined prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic, nutritional, behavioural and anthropometrics. The final sample analysed consisted of 35 614 adolescents. Total intake of dairy products was inversely associated with fasting blood glucose levels after adjusting for all covariates (β = −0·452, 95 % CI −0·899, −0·005). The associations were stronger for overweight and obese adolescents. Findings were similar for full-fat dairy products and yogurt. Higher consumption of low-fat dairy products and cheese were associated with a 46 % (prevalence ratio, PR 1·46, 95 % CI 1·18, 1·80) and 33 % (PR 1·33, 95 % CI 1·14, 1·57) higher combined prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM, respectively. The total consumption of dairy products and full-fat dairy products was associated with a lower combined prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM, while the consumption of cheese and low-fat dairy products was associated with higher combined prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM in Brazilian adolescents.

Keywords

PrediabetesType 2 diabetesDairy products consumptionAdolescentsCross-sectional study
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 130 , Issue 12 , 28 December 2023 , pp. 2162 - 2173
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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