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Acid-base balance in ruminating calves given sodium hydroxide-treated straw

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 July 2007

Søren Wamberg ,
Knud Engel  and
Peter Stigsen
Søren Wamberg
Affiliation:
Departments of 1Physiology, Odense University Medical School, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
Knud Engel
Affiliation:
Departments of 2Clinical Chemistry, Odense University Medical School, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
Peter Stigsen
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Physiology and Chemistry, National Institute of Animal Science, DK-1958 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Abstract

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1. Studies of whole-body balances of non-metabolizable base (NB) and several minerals, and of relevant acid-base quantities in blood and urine, were carried out in two 6-month-old ruminating Holstein × Friesian bull calves fed on fixed rations containing 500 g barley straw/kg diet (group A) to examine the quantitatively important components of the balance of NB and determine the rates of mineral and NB retention associated with normal body growth.

2. Parallel balance studies were conducted in six other bull calves given fixed rations containing 500 g alkali-treated barley straw/kg diet to evaluate the effects of long-term alkali-straw feeding on the rates of body growth and skeletal mineral and NB deposition and the renal control of extracellular electrolyte and acid-base status. The straw component was treated either with 50 g sodium hydroxide/kg dry matter (DM) (group B; two calves), or with 50 g or 100 g NaOH/kg DM and subsequently neutralized with hydrochloric acid (groups C and D; two calves per group). In all groups the animals were given free access to tap water.

3. Throughout the total 105 d experiment, all animals remained healthy and gained weight. Normal body growth (group A) was associated with a positive balance of NB (1–2 mmol/kg live weight (LW) per d) due to continuing deposition of dietary NB in ‘new tissue’, largely in the developing skeleton.

4. During 105 d alkali-straw feeding, the animals showed a remarkable ability to cope with dietary loads of NaOH or sodium chloride, up to about 30 mmol/kg LW per d, without any significant disturbance of extracellular acid-base and electrolyte status or body growth rate. The surplus mineral and NB loads were absorbed and subsequently excreted in an increased volume of urine. Rates of mineral and NB retention were not significantly different from the reference values of group A and remained within the range of values reported from similar studies. In all groups, maintenance of normal whole blood and plasma acid-base and electrolyte status was accounted for by efficient renal control of the composition of the extracellular fluid compartment.

Type
Papers on General Nutrition
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 54 , Issue 3 , November 1985 , pp. 655 - 667
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1985

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