^{page 9 note 1} See Frontispiece.

^{page 10 note 1} The figures in thick type refer to the Plan, Pl. I.

^{page 10 note 2} Karten von Mykenai, Pl. II.

^{page 10 note 3} Tsountas-Mannatt, , Mycenaean Age, p. 27Google Scholar. Fig. 5.

^{page 11 note 1} Persson, , Bull, Soc. Royale des Lettres de Lund, 1922–1923, p. 41Google Scholar.

^{page 11 note 2} See below, p. 118.

^{page 12 note 1} Fimmen, , Kretisch-Mykenische Kultur, pp. 164 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 12 note 2} He most kindly explained them to us on the spot and has generously allowed us to make use of his unpublished results.

^{page 12 note 3} Jahrbuch, 1895, pp. 143 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 13 note 1} Tsountas-Manatt, , Mycenaean Age, p. 18Google Scholar.

^{page 13 note 2} Cf. Fig. 1, p. 9, and Fig. 69, p. 339.

^{page 14 note 1} Schliemann, , Mycenae, pp. 34, 35Google Scholar, Figs. 22, 22a.

^{page 14 note 2} Unless, as has been suggested in the similar case in the Treasury of Atreus (see below, p. 347 (²)), they were intended to accommodate door-handles when the doors were opened. They are 1·22 m. and 2·00 m. above the threshold and 1·00 m. to 1·08 m. from the door flanges.

^{page 14 note 3} See below, Section IX., pp. 283 ff.

^{page 15 note 1} Lolling, , Kuppelgrab bei Menidi, Pl. IIGoogle Scholar.

^{page 15 note 2} Prinz' suggestion (Ath. Mitt. 1910, p. 159Google Scholar) that a dove originally stood on the top is untenable, because what he took for dowel-holes are merely natural faults in the limestone and not artificial borings.

^{page 16 note 1} Evans, , Tomb of Double Axes, pp. 79Google Scholar ff., Figs. 87–90; B.S.A. xxiv. Pl. XIII., pp. 202 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 16 note 2} Evans, , J.H.S. 1901, pp. 56 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 16 note 3} Κύβηλις was a synonym for Πέεκυς, Hesychius, s.v.

^{page 18 note 1} It is at first sight surprising to find two such different methods of construction as the Cyclopean in limestone and the ashlar in conglomerate, existing in one and the same building, and belonging to one and the same period. The appearance of the acropolis wall here, for instance (Fig. 3), might suggest that we have an older and rougher wall crowned at a later epoch by good ashlar masonry. Yet this cannot be so. In the first place, the walls of houses such as the Granary and the South House are built in a style closely similar to the Cyclopean of the acropolis wall, and these are L.H. III. This would make the ashlar masonry of the Lion Gate impossibly late. On the other hand, on the left-hand side of the road towards the Great Ramp, there is a stretch of wall of the Cyclopean style immediately in front of and certainly later than a conglomerate wall of ashlar work (see below, p. 66). There can be no doubt that the two styles were in use at the same time; and that ashlar work was used to obtain a specially imposing effect or specially great strength, as in the Lion Gate and the walls adjoining it, and in the conglomerate tower south-east of the Megaron of the Palace (see below p. 245).

^{page 18 note 2} The account of this stratification in The Antiquaries' Journal, i. p. 208Google Scholar, is inaccurate.

^{page 20 note 1} As indicated on the plan (Pl. I.), these and all similar levels are reckoned from an arbitrary point approximately 200 m. above sea-level, deduced from Steffen's plan.

^{page 20 note 2} In the classification of the pottery we follow throughout that drawn up by Blegen on the results of the stratification at Korakou (Blegen, , Korakou, pp. 4 ff.Google Scholar). The four classes of Furtwängler and Loeschcke, Mykenische Vasen can no longer be used, as they were not chronological, were not based on any stratification and have been entirely superseded by Sir Arthur Evans' system.

^{page 20 note 3} In the Nauplia Museum from Schliemann's or Tsountas' excavations.

^{page 20 note 4} See Rodenwaldt, in Tiryns, ii. p. 3Google Scholar.

^{page 20 note 5} J.H.S. 1921, p. 272Google Scholar.

^{page 20 note 6} Cf. Blegen, , Korakou, p. 69Google Scholar, Fig. 100.

^{page 23 note 1} Cf. Schliemann, , Mycenae, Pl. XI., 53Google Scholar.

^{page 23 note 2} Cf. Blegen, , Korakou, p. 63, Figs. 87, 88Google Scholar.

^{page 24 note 1} Cf. B.S.A. xxiv., p. 207Google Scholar, Pl. XIV. d.

^{page 26 note 1} Cf. the Vase from Enkomi, , B.M. Cat. Vases, i. 2, C. 416Google Scholar.

^{page 26 note 2} Cf. Maraghiannis, , Ant. Crétoises, ii. Pl. XIX., i, 12Google Scholar; Evans, , Prehist. Tombs, pp. 35, 76, 89Google Scholar, Fig. 100 e.

^{page 27 note 1} Fig. 5 above.

^{page 27 note 2} Unpublished, in the Nauplia Museum; cf. Rodenwaldt, , Tiryns, ii. p. 3Google Scholar.

^{page 27 note 3} See Tomb 518.

^{page 28 note 1} See pp. 30 ff., 36, 50.

^{page 28 note 2} Droop, , B.S.A. xiii., p. 119Google Scholar.

^{page 29 note 1} See p. 108.

^{page 29 note 2} See below, p. 53.

^{page 30 note 1} See below, pp. 40 ff.

^{page 30 note 2} The lateness of the Granary Class is confirmed by the observations of Dawkins and Droop at Phylakopi (B.S.A. xvii., pp. 18, 19Google Scholar) where it formed ‘a stratum above a thick deposit of pottery of the usual Ialysos style’ (cf. B.S.A. xvii., Pl. XII. 132Google Scholar with our Fig. 9 a, and B.S.A. xvii., Pl. XIV. 43, 44Google Scholar with our Pl. V.f). Dawkins and Droop specially note that there were ‘many fragments of small vases covered with a thin, bad, and sometimes irregularly streaky black glaze.’ The late dating is supported by the evidence of Tombs 502 and 515 in which no Geometric pottery was found, and the Salamis tombs (the evidence for these being cremation graves is not to be trusted) cf. Ath. Mitt. 1910, pp. 23, 28Google Scholar, Figs. 1, 6, 7, Pl. VI. 6. The Kalymnos vases in the British Museum (B.M. Cat. Vases, i. (1), A.1001–A.1024Google Scholar, Pl. XV.) and some of the later Ialysos vases (B.M. Cat. Vases, i. (1), A.821Google Scholar etc.) should be grouped with the Granary Class and perhaps the vases published by Wide, in the Jahrbuch, 1900, p. 51Google Scholar, Fig. 107, belong here too, but the Berlin vase quoted by him (Jahrbuch, 1886, p. 149Google Scholar, 2938) is of the classical period. Specimens of the Granary Class also occurred among the latest vases in the tholos tomb at the Pylos, Messenian, Ἐφ. Ἀρχ. 1914, p. 107Google Scholar, Fig. 12.

^{page 31 note 1} Cf. B.S.A. xxiv., Pl. XIV. d; Schliemann, , Tiryns, Pls. XIV., XV., XVII. bGoogle Scholar; B.M. Cat. Vases, i. (2), C. 338 ff.Google Scholar, C. 398.

^{page 33 note 1} Droop, , B.S.A., xiii. p. 119Google Scholar.

^{page 33 note 2} Cf. Blegen, , Korakou, p. 71Google Scholar, Fig. 103.

^{page 34 note 1} Cf. Blegen, op. cit. p. 63, Figs. 87, 88.

^{page 34 note 2} See below, p. 52.

^{page 36 note 1} Cf. Schliemann, , Mycenae, p. 67, Fig. 28Google Scholar.

^{page 38 note 1} See pp. 408 ff. below.

^{page 38 note 2} Mycenae, pp. 99 ff.

^{page 40 note 1} See above, pp. 29 ff.

^{page 41 note 1} Cf. Blegen, , Korakou, pp. 61Google Scholar ff. Fig. 86.

^{page 41 note 2} See p. 52 below.

^{page 41 note 3} But nothing like so good as the vase in Pl. V. e above.

^{page 42 note 1} Furtwängler-Loeschcke, , Myk. Vasen, Pl. XLIIIGoogle Scholar.

^{page 42 note 2} See p. 82 below.

^{page 42 note 3} Schliemann, according to his notebook, found the continuation of this cement floor in the southern part of the corridor.

^{page 44 note 1} Karo, , Jahrbuch 1911, p. 259Google Scholar, Fig. 11.

^{page 44 note 2} J.H.S. 1887, p. 449Google Scholar, Pl. LXXXIII. (9); B.M. Vases, i. (1), A.971Google Scholar, Pl. XV.

^{page 44 note 3} Boyd-Hawes, , Gournia, Pl. XI. 20Google Scholar.

^{page 44 note 4} Evans, , Tomb of Double Axes, p. 88Google Scholar.

^{page 45 note 1} Mycenae, p. 99.

^{page 46 note 1} Furtwängler-Loeschcke, , Myk. Vasen, Pl. XXXVII., 380Google Scholar.

^{page 46 note 2} No. 1126.

^{page 46 note 3} Deep bowls and jugs of a hydria type were common; there were half-a-dozen pieces of stirrup-vases, several fragments of kylikes, mostly unpainted, one piece of a mug and four broken terracotta figurines, three of which were of animals, and one part of a crescent arm female figure.

^{page 47 note 1} This vase is contemporary with the Granary Class; cf. B.S.A. xvii., Pl. XIV. 43, 44Google Scholar; Blegen, , Korakou, p. 61Google Scholar, Fig. 85; B.M. Cat. Vases, i. (1), A.1019, A.1020Google Scholar. The resemblance between these vases and one from Tell-es-Safi (Fimmen, , Kretisch-Mykeniscke Kultur, p. 196Google Scholar, Fig. 189) suggests that the Granary Class and Philistine pottery are contemporary.

^{page 50 note 1} A vase of this type from Mycenae is in the Nat. Museum, Athens, No. 2752, found in Tsountas' excavations on the acropolis in 1886.

^{page 51 note 1} Height ·44 m., handles, neck and part of body restored: dull dark-brown paint on greyish-buff biscuit.

^{page 52 note 1} Blegen, , Korakou, pp. 64 ff., Figs. 94, 95, p. 129Google Scholar.

^{page 53 note 1} Furtwängler-Loeschcke, , Myk. Vasen, Pl. XXIX. 248Google Scholar; B.M. Cat. Vases, i. (1) A.926 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 53 note 2} Cf. Blegen, , Korakou, p. 65Google Scholar, Fig. 92.

^{page 55 note 1} See above p. 40.

^{page 55 note 2} Mycenae, p. 107, Fig. 162.

^{page 55 note 3} See pp. 397 ff. below.

^{page 56 note 1} Cf. Pl. XXIII. a.

^{page 60 note 1} See p. 38.

^{page 60 note 2} See p. 63, below.

^{page 64 note 1} A.J.A. 1897, p. 319Google Scholar, I, 2; I, 4; I, 5.

^{page 64 note 2} Blegen, , Korakou, p. 12Google Scholar, Fig. 13.

^{page 64 note 3} Melos is possibly not the only source of obsidian in the Aegean (cf. Phylakopi, pp. 216 ff.): there are rumours that it is to be found in the Methana peninsula in Argolis and the Italian Mission has found it on the island Gyali between Nisyros and Cos.

^{page 65 note 1} See Blegen, , Korakou, pp. 19 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 65 note 2} Blegen, , Korakou, p. 17Google Scholar.

^{page 65 note 3} Wide, , Ath. Mitt. 1896, Pl. XV., 4–6Google Scholar.

^{page 65 note 4} Blegen, op. cit., p. 22, Fig. 30.

^{page 65 note 5} Ἐφ. Ἀρχ. 1895, Pl. X., 7Google Scholar.

^{page 65 note 6} B.C.H. 1906, pp. 22, 23Google Scholar, Figs. 29, 30.

^{page 66 note 1} Cf. Tsountas, , Πρακτικά, 1890, p. 35Google Scholar.

^{page 66 note 2} Korakou, p. 5.

^{page 66 note 3} See below, p. 114.

^{page 66 note 4} J.H.S. 1921, pp. 260 ff.Google Scholar; Art and Archaeology, XIII., pp. 209 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 67 note 1} Edward Lear seems to have thought that the dromos walls of the Treasury of Atreus were similarly stepped (see his view of the Argive Plain from Mycenae in the Library of Trinity College, Cambridge), compare, however, Pl. LVI. and Fig. 69.

^{page 67 note 2} See below, pp. 68 ff.

^{page 68 note 1} Πρακτικά, 1895, p. 24Google Scholar; 1896, p. 29; see below, p. 148.

^{page 68 note 2} See below, p. 148.

^{page 69 note 1} Cf. B. M. Cat. Lamps, p. 42, No. 301, Fig. 38.

^{page 70 note 1} Pp. 408 ff.

^{page 71 note 1} See pp. 309, 314, below.

^{page 72 note 1} See above, pp. 20 ff, Figs, 6, 7.

^{page 73 note 1} See below, pp. 150 ff, 218.

^{page 73 note 2} Ath. Mitt. 1909, Pl. XVIII., 2Google Scholar.

^{page 73 note 3} Cf. Bosanquet-Dawkins, , Unpublished Objects from Palaikastro, pp. 24, 27Google Scholar.

^{page 73 note 4} See above, pp. 20 ff.

^{page 74 note 1} See B.S.A. xxiv, pp. 189 ff.Google Scholar, Pls. VII.–X.

^{page 75 note 1} Fimmen, , Kretisch-Mykenische Kultur, p. 54Google Scholar, Fig. 44.

^{page 75 note 2} Karten von Mykenai, Pl. II.

^{page 76 note 1} Cf. section, Pl. XVII.

^{page 76 note 2} Cf. Montelius, , Grèce Préclassique, I, Pl. XV, 3Google Scholar.

^{page 76 note 3} See below, p. 94, Fig. 21.

^{page 76 note 4} Mycenae, p. 162: see below, p. 118.

^{page 76 note 5} Tsountas-Manatt, , Mycenaean Age, p. 97Google Scholar.

^{page 78 note 1} Bulle, , Orchomenos, i. Pls. XXII.–XXVI., pp. 61 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 78 note 2} Ath. Mitt. 1913, p. 85Google Scholar; Fimmen, , Kretisch-Mykenische Kultur, p. 12Google Scholar; cf. Tiryns, i. p. 129Google Scholar, Grave 14 which is not of the period of Geometric pottery, but Middle Helladic, see the vase of Minyan shape, Pl. XV., 11.

^{page 78 note 3} Blegen, , Art and Archaeology, xiii. p. 211Google Scholar, xv. p. 88.

^{page 78 note 4} A.J.A. 1920, pp. 6, 7Google Scholar.

^{page 78 note 5} See below, pp. 117 ff.

^{page 79 note 1} B.S.A. xxiv., pp. 189 ff.Google Scholar, Pls. VII.–X.

^{page 79 note 2} B.S.A. xxiv. loc. cit.

^{page 80 note 1} For the shape cf. Furtwängler-Loeschcke, , Myk. Vasen, Pl. XXI. 150Google Scholar.

^{page 80 note 2} See above, pp. 20 ff.

^{page 82 note 1} Blegen, , Korakou, Pl. VGoogle Scholar.

^{page 82 note 2} Ibid., p. 13, Fig. 15.

^{page 82 note 3} For the shape cf. Furtwängler-Loeschcke, , Myk. Vasen, Pl. XXIV., 176, 177Google Scholar, and Phylakopi, Pls. XVI., XVII., see also Blegen, , Korakou, p. 24Google Scholar, Fig. 34 and below, p. 227, Fig. 43b.

^{page 82 note 4} See B.C.H. 1906, p. 28Google Scholar, Figs. 47–49; Blegen, , Korakou, p. 28Google Scholar, Fig. 38.

^{page 83 note 1} Ath. Mitt. 1909, Pl. XVIII. 2Google Scholar.

^{page 83 note 2} See below, pp. 150, 151.

^{page 83 note 3} See below, p. 158, Pl. XXIII a. Tea cups of this type are among the earlier L.H. III. Vases, cf. those from Cyprus in the British Museum (B.M. Vases 1 (2), c.639–c 641Google Scholar).

^{page 83 note 4} Bulle, , Orchomenos, i. pp. 61 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 83 note 5} A.J.A. 1920, p. 6Google Scholar.

^{page 83 note 6} Fimmen, , Kretisch-Mykenische Kultur, p. 54Google Scholar.

^{page 84 note 1} Mycenae, p. 132.

^{page 85 note 1} Among which was found the deep bowl of L.H. III. style shown in Pl. V. a.

^{page 86 note 1} Cf. Tsountas-Manatt, , Mycenaean Age, p. 68Google Scholar.

^{page 86 note 2} Pp. 130 ff.

^{page 86 note 3} Notebook, Oct. 3rd, Nov. 8th, 1876.

^{page 86 note 4} Πρακτικά, 1886, p. 76Google Scholar.

^{page 86 note 5} See above, pp. 45 ff.

^{page 87 note 1} Cf. Schliemann, , Tiryns, pp. 211, 212Google Scholar.

^{page 90 note 1} See below, pp. 159 ff.

^{page 91 note 1} See above, pp. 48 ff.

^{page 91 note 2} See pp. 29, 52, 108.

^{page 91 note 3} See below, p. 187.

^{page 92 note 1} See above, pp. 20 ff.

^{page 93 note 1} Blegen, , Korakou, pp. 4 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 93 note 2} Cf. Blegen, , Korakou, p. 12, Fig. 13Google Scholar.

^{page 93 note 3} See below, pp. 109 ff.

^{page 93 note 4} Wace-Thompson, , Prehist. Thessaly, p. 194Google Scholar.

^{page 95 note 1} See above, p. 76.

^{page 95 note 2} See below, pp. 118 ff.

^{page 99 note 1} The arrangement of a bath set on a cement floor which does not extend over the whole room, with a small enclosed space without any obvious entrance alongside it, is almost exactly that of a similar bath set on a cement floor with a small walled in space beside it in the third of the Hellenistic chambers (32) at the head of the Great Ramp (see p. 69). This similarity between the two rooms suggests that the curious walled in space had some connection with the bath: it may perhaps have been the base for some contrivance for heating water for the bath.

^{page 101 note 1} This can be seen in Pl. XIII. b.

^{page 101 note 2} See pp. 69 ff. above.

^{page 102 note 1} In Mycenaean Magazine in Nat. Mus., Athens.

^{page 102 note 2} Cf. Tiryns, i. pp. 135 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 103 note 1} See below, § XI.

^{page 103 note 2} Belger, , Mykenische Lokalsage; Jahrbuch 1895, pp. 114 ff.Google Scholar; see also the references given by Frazer, in his Pausanias, Vol. III. pp. 103 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 103 note 3} See his Mycenae and Schuchhardt, , Schliemann's Excavations, pp. 152 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 103 note 4} Tsountas–Manatt, , Myc. Age, pp. 84 ff.Google Scholar; Jahrbuch, 1895, pp. 148 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 104 note 1} Mycenae, p. 88.

^{page 104 note 2} Ibid., p. 137.

^{page 104 note 3} Ibid., pp. 154. 158, 161; contrast his account of the stratification round the Fourth Shaft Grave, ibid. pp. 212, 213.

^{page 105 note 1} We follow the numbering of the Shaft Graves which was instituted by Stamatakes and is observed by the National Museum at Athens and in all subsequent publications. This numbering differs from Schliemann's, thus :—

The Sixth Grave was found by Stamatakes.

^{page 105 note 2} Ἐϕ. Ἀρχ. 1918, pp. 52 ffGoogle Scholar.

See the section A–B, Pl. XVII.

^{page 108 note 1} Between the north-west angle of the First Shaft Grave and the south-west angle of the Fourth the outer face of this supporting wall is original. The rest of it both inside and outside has been largely rebuilt, as also the walls lining the Shaft Graves themselves. The walls round the Shaft Graves (supporting the edges of the excavation) and to the west of the Ramp House are also modern.

^{page 108 note 2} Art and Archaeology, XIII. p. 216Google Scholar; cf. the Kalymnos vase, B.M. Cat. Vases, i. (1), Pl. XV., A. 1008Google Scholar and a vase from Aegina, Ἐϕ. Ἀρχ 1910 Pl. VI. 5Google Scholar.

^{page 110 note 1} See below, pp. 150 ff.

^{page 111 note 1} The E.H. layer we find again on the outside of the circle (see Pl. XVI. b), but the M.H. layer there had been disturbed.

^{page 112 note 1} Schliemann, , Mycenae, p. 117Google Scholar, Fig. 190a: see Belger, , Jahrbuch, 1895, p. 118Google Scholar.

^{page 112 note 2} Evans, , Palace of Minos, i. p. 128Google Scholar, Fig. 95.

^{page 112 note 3} Schliemann, , Mycenae, p. 161Google Scholar.

^{page 112 note 4} Schliemann, op. cit., pp. 212 ff., Pl. F.

^{page 113 note 1} Schliemann, , Tiryns, p. 206Google Scholar; the Tiryns altar, though rectangular, contains a ring of masonry not unlike the circular coping of a well shaft.

^{page 113 note 2} Op. cit., p. 155.

^{page 113 note 3} Over the Second Grave, where Schliemann found a sculptured stele in situ at the higher level, there were ‘two unsculptured stelai’ at a lower level (Schliemann, , Mycenae, p. 291Google Scholar), These were just above the grave (see Pl. XVII.) and so probably were roofing slabs.

^{page 113 note 4} Op. cit., pp. 151 ff.

^{page 114 note 1} See Blegen, , Korakou, pp. 4 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 114 note 2} Cf. Karo, , Führer d. d. Ruinen v. Tiryns, p. 35Google Scholar; Schuchhardt, , Schliemann's Excavations, p. 96Google Scholar; Fimmen, , Kretisch-Mykenische Kultur, p. 214Google Scholar.

^{page 114 note 3} Cf. Blegen, op, cit., loc. cit.

^{page 114 note 4} Κυκλ. T. stands of course for Κύκλο Τάϕων: Schliemann never wrote on his pottery in Greek; Keramopoullos' finds are all in Athens; Prof. Tsountas tells me these are not his finds and that therefore they can only have come from Stamatakes' excavations, the only other person who ever dug in the Grave Circle. Stamatakes was at Mycenae from November 1877 till March 26th 1878, when he began the excavation of the Heraion Tomb (Πρακτικα, 1877, p. 29Google Scholar; 1878, p. 17; Ath. Mitt. 1878, p. 271Google Scholar).

^{page 114 note 5} There are also ten other pieces of tankards not definitely marked Κυκλ. T., but with pencil notes of the same character, and eight other patterned sherds with no pencil marks, so that although they are all from Mycenae their exact provenance is unknown.

^{page 117 note 1} Cf. Blegen, , Korakou, p. 14Google Scholar, Fig. 17 and Ath. Mitt. 1911, Pl. V.

^{page 117 note 2} See below, p. 123.

^{page 118 note 1} Intramural burials are a M.H. feature (Fimmen, , Kretisch-Mykeniscke Kultur, p. 54Google Scholar), but these burials certainly seem to belong to a cemetery.

^{page 118 note 2} As on the Aspis at Argos, see Vollgraff, , B.C.H. 1906, pp. 4 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 118 note 3} See below, pp. 197 ff., 209, 217, 223 ff, 239.

^{page 118 note 4} See p. 94.

^{page 118 note 5} See p. 76.

^{page 118 note 6} Tsountas–Manatt, , Myc. Age, p. 97Google Scholar.

^{page 118 note 7} Schliemann, , Mycenae, pp. 162, 163Google Scholar.

^{page 119 note 1} Schliemann, , Mycenae, p. 163Google Scholar, Figs. 236, 237; Furtwängler-Loeschcke, , Myk. Tongefässe, Pl. IV., 16, 17Google Scholar; cf. Schuchhardt, op. cit., p. 209.

^{page 119 note 2} Tsountas–Manatt, , Myc. Age, p. 114Google Scholar.

^{page 119 note 3} See above, pp. 55 ff.

^{page 119 note 4} Schliemann, , Mycenae, pp. 350 ff.Google Scholar, Pl. Schuchhardt's, G. view (Schliemann's Excavations, p. 275)Google Scholar is not a first-hand opinion: contrast Tsountas in Tsountas–Manatt, op. cit., p. 114.

^{page 119 note 5} Cf. B.S.A. xxii. p. 186Google Scholar; cf. Evans' remarks on the pottery of this grave (Palace of Minos, i. pp. 560 ff.Google Scholar); he calls the jug of the Sixth Shaft Grave type from Phylakopi (Phylakopi, p. 159, n. 2) ‘Mature Middle Cycladic III.’; Karo in his unpublished paper for Ath. Mitt. 1915 has valuable observations on this point; and the Korakou stratification (Blegen, op. cit., pp. 28, 122 ff.) confirms this. Schuchhardt, (Schliemann's Excavations, pp. 274 ff.)Google Scholar is mistaken in thinking the Sixth Shaft Grave the latest.

^{page 120 note 1} Schliemann, , Mycenae, p. 293Google Scholar. This vase has by mistake been transferred by Furtwängler-Loeschcke (Myk. Tongefässe, Pl. I. (1)) to the First Shaft Grave, and is so placed in the National Museum, Athens. Schliemann's notebook states definitely that it belonged to the Second (his ‘Fifth’) Shaft Grave.

^{page 120 note 2} Schliemann, , Mycenae, p. 292, Fig. 453Google Scholar.

^{page 120 note 3} The polychrome light-on-dark sherds (Furtwängler-Loeschcke, Myk. Tongefässe, Pl. VI.) may not have been actually part of the contents of this grave, but merely some of the broken pottery found by Schliemann, (Mycenae, pp. 212 ff.)Google Scholar above it. One should be cautious in using them for chronological purposes, cf. Evans, , Palace of Minos, i. pp. 598 ff.Google Scholar; Fimmen, , Kretisch-Mykenische Kultur, p. 212Google Scholar.

^{page 120 note 4} See below, pp. 283 ff.

^{page 120 note 5} No Shaft Graves have yet been found in Crete which can be considered as even approximately contemporary to these at Mycenae. The Shaft Graves in the Zafer Papoura cemetery (Evans, , Prehist. Tombs, pp. 11 ff.Google Scholar) are L.M. II.-III. and so over a century later.

^{page 121 note 1} Mycenae, pp. 151, 161, 212–214.

^{page 121 note 2} The ‘Tombstones’ found at the lower level over this and the Second Grave may have been merely roofing slabs, see above, p. 113.

^{page 121 note 3} See pp. 138 ff.

^{page 121 note 4} Ἐφ. Ἀρχ. 1918, p. 52 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 122 note 1} As can be seen from the north or Postern Gate at Mycenae and the main gate at Tiryns, it was the Mycenaean system to put the gates at set-backs in the line of the wall.

^{page 123 note 1} See above, pp. 111 ff.

^{page 123 note 2} See above, pp. 114 ff.

^{page 124 note 1} Cf. Tsountas–Manatt, , Mycenaean Age, p. 108Google Scholar.

^{page 124 note 2} Ἐφ. Ἀρχ. 1918, p. 57Google Scholar.

^{page 124 note 3} See above, pp. 110 ff.

^{page 124 note 4} I have to thank Prof. Goessler for information on these : cf. Doerpfeld, , Sechster Brief über Leukas-Ithaca, pp. 9 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 124 note 5} It is just possible that the M.H. walls observed by the graves under the Ramp House may be part of a similar rectangular enclosure.

^{page 124 note 6} Doerpfeld, , Vierter Brief über Leukas-Ithaka, p. 10Google Scholar, Fig. C.

^{page 124 note 7} Ἐφ. Ἀρχ. 1898, p. 191Google Scholar.

^{page 124 note 8} Wace–Thompson, , Prehistoric Thessaly, p. 68Google Scholar; Tsountas, , Προιστορικαὶ ᾿Ακροπόλεις, Pl. IV (10)Google Scholar.

^{page 126 note 1} Eranos Vindobonensis, pp. 24 ff.: Müller, K. has written on their artistic relationships in his article, Frühmykenische Reliefs, Jahrbuch, 1915, pp. 286 ffGoogle Scholar.

^{page 128 note 1} Cf. Schliemann, Mycenae, Figs. 305, 369, 467; Evans, , Palace of Minos, i.Google Scholar, Figs. 151 (for an antecedent stage), 87 (5), 92 (g), 186 (c); Bossert, , Altkreta, Fig. 233Google Scholar.

^{page 128 note 2} For conventionalised scenery, cf. the Vaphio Cups, and the relief from Palaikastro, B.S.A. xi., p. 285Google Scholar, Fig. 14a.

^{page 128 note 3} The sword looks like the broad triangular-shaped sword in Stele V.

^{page 128 note 4} The man's head has been taken for the horns of the animal.

^{page 128 note 5} It is surely incorrect (Evans, , Times Lit. Suppl., July 15th, 1920Google Scholar) that this stele shews ‘clear traces of the incisions by which an original coating of painted stucco had been attached.’

^{page 130 note 1} For wavy bands on either side of plain vertical bands, cf. the designs on polychrome later M.H. Matt-painted ware, Class B. III. (Blegen, , Korakou, Fig. 40Google Scholar): see below, p. 141.

^{page 130 note 2} For heraldically opposed serpents, cf. Evans, , Palace of Minos, i., Fig. 494Google Scholar.

^{page 131 note 1} Numerous examples from Korakou, cf. Blegen, op. cit., Figs. 51 (7), 53 (9), 56, and from Mycenae itself.

^{page 131 note 2} Furtwängler-Loeschcke, , Myk. Tongefässe, Pl. IV., 19Google Scholar.

^{page 131 note 3} Evans, op. cit., Figs. 175, 409.

^{page 131 note 4} See Evans, , Cretan Pictographs, p. 59Google Scholar, Fig. 50, and the side of a box from the Fifth Shaft Grave, Schliemann, op. cit., Fig. 472: also on a gold cup from the same grave, Schliemann, op. cit., Fig. 476.

^{page 131 note 5} Evans, , Cretan Pictographs, p. 60Google Scholar.

^{page 131 note 6} Evans, , Scripta Minoa, i., p. 141Google Scholar, Figs. 89 (b) and 90; Palace of Minos, i., Fig. 523 (c). Cp. also Candia Museum, No. 1024, an ivory cylinder seal from a tholos tomb at Platanos.

^{page 131 note 7} Evans, , Palace of Minos, i.Google Scholar, Fig. 150 (e) and Pl. I. (k), p. 231. Also in a naturalistic form as filling on the gold box from Fifth Shaft Grave, Schliemann, op. cit., Fig. 470.

^{page 131 note 8} Cf. Phylakopi, Pl. XX., 15: it appears also on gold bands from the Fifth Shaft Grave, Schliemann, op. cit., Figs. 514, 517, 518.

^{page 132 note 1} The character of the sword is not clear. Allowance being made for bad drawing and the exigencies of space, it seems to be of the long triangular type found in the Fourth Shaft Grave (e.g. Schliemann, op. cit., Fig. 446). It may equally well be a dagger of the same type as the inlaid daggers of the Fourth Grave. No emphasis can be laid on the proportions. The sword may be represented as in its sheath.

^{page 132 note 2} The nature of this weapon is also doubtful. Cf. the weapons from the Fourth Shaft Grave, which end in a ring, and which Schliemann regarded as long knives; op. cit., p. 279 and Figs. 442, 442 (a).

^{page 132 note 3} Perhaps of Egyptian origin, cf. the S-shaped symbols on Cretan prism-shaped seals; Evans, Cretan Pictographs, Fig. 20 (a), 23 (c) and Figs. 69 (a), (b). It is a common filling ornament on Middle Cycladic III. pottery, cf. Phylakopi, Pls. XIV. 9, XVI. 13, cf. also the sword-hilts from the Fourth Shaft Grave, Schliemann, op. cit., Figs. 428, 430, 431.

^{page 132 note 4} Evans, , Cretan Pictographs, p. 60Google Scholar: this motive is found on the well-known gold objects from the second city at Troy (Schuchhardt, , Schliemann's Excavations, Figs. 56, 57Google Scholar), and, without the loop, on the gold wire portions of a necklace from the Third Shaft Grave (Schuchhardt, op. cit., Fig. 175).

^{page 132 note 5} Running spirals appear as filling motives on Cycladic pottery.

^{page 133 note 1} Op. cit., Fig. 144. This fragment seems to have been found in the ruins of the House of the Warrior Vase. Schliemann in his notebook (Nov. 1, 1876) says, ‘In the Cyclopean house … there were also found fragments of sculpture representing a horse and a spiral ornamentation.’ This is confirmed by the inventory of the National Museum, Athens, which says this stele was found outside the Grave Circle.

^{page 133 note 2} It appears in a less elaborate form in Crete at a much earlier period (E.M. III.) on a side-spouted jug from the Kamares Cave (Evans, , Palace of Minos, i.Google Scholar, Fig. 77 (b), and in the M.M. III, period on painted stucco fragments from Knossos. (Evans, op. cit., Figs. 269, 270).

^{page 133 note 3} There are many parallels to the treatment of this motive on the gold objects from the Shaft Graves. Cf. Schliemann, op. cit., Figs. 405, 407; cf. Montelius, , Die Aelteren Kulturperioden, Figs. 264–265Google Scholar (b) for a Swedish Bronze Age example.

^{page 135 note 1} The spear seems to be of the type found in the Fourth. Shaft Grave.

^{page 135 note 2} This object seems to pass in a continuous curve from the man's hand over his head and out in front. Cf. the slingers on the silver rhyton from the Fourth Shaft Grave (Stais, , Ath. Mitt. 1915Google Scholar, Pls. VII., VIII.), where, however, the sling is much shorter and the action quite different.

^{page 135 note 3} Schliemann, op. cit., Fig. 335.

^{page 135 note 4} Cf. a serpentine seal-stone at Berlin, illustrated by Bossert, , Altkreta, 251 (b)Google Scholar.

^{page 136 note 1} Probably also found in the ruins of the House of the Warrior Vase. Schliemann in his notebook (Nov. 1, 1876) says: ‘In the Cyclopean house we found a fragment of an archaic bas-relief representing a man who is much like that one who holds the horns of the mysterious animal in the other sculpture. He is also naked and holds a line in his hand.’

^{page 137 note 1} Evans, , Palace of Minos, i.Google Scholar, Fig. 230 (a) and (b).

^{page 137 note 2} Evans, op. cit., pp. 311, 312.

^{page 137 note 3} Ἀρχ. Δελτίον, i., p. 192, Fig. 1Google Scholar; Athens, Nat. Mus., 6231.

^{page 138 note 1} II., III. and XII. have decorative schemes only.

^{page 140 note 1} This does not apply to II., III. or XII.

^{page 140 note 2} See Blegen, , Korakou, p. 28Google Scholar.

^{page 140 note 3} Furtwängler-Loeschcke, , Myk. Tongefässe, Pls. VIII.–XGoogle Scholar.

^{page 141 note 1} Other examples from Mycenae are figured by Evans, , Palace of Minos, i.Google Scholar, Fig. 406, a, b, and there are several similar fragments in the Athens and Nauplia Museums.

^{page 141 note 2} No human forms have been so far found on the mainland.

^{page 141 note 3} Cf. Evans, , Palace of Minos, i., Fig. 405Google Scholar.

^{page 141 note 4} Evans, op. cit., Figs. 406, 533–535.

^{page 142 note 1} Phylakopi, Pl. XIII. 7.

^{page 142 note 2} Blegen, , Korakou, Fig. 40Google Scholar.

^{page 142 note 3} Furtwängler–Loeschcke, , Myk. Tongefässe, Pl. V. 20Google Scholar.

^{page 142 note 4} XI. (5) may, of course, represent a bird picking a worm out of the ground, as Edgar suggests.

^{page 143 note 1} According to Schuchhardt, Schliemann assigns it to the Fourth Grave.

^{page 143 note 2} Schliemann's Excavations, p. 168.

^{page 143 note 3} Reichel suggests that the stelai were once covered with stucco and painted. This would have hidden the rough background of Stele I. and also perhaps have smoothed over the heavy forms on the other stelai. None, however, shew any traces of ever having been covered with stucco or painted. The one sculptured stele (Ἐφ. Ἀρχ. 1896, Pls. I., II.) from Mycenae which is coated with stucco and painted, is a palimpsest and shews in the relief a representation totally different from that shewn in painting on the stucco covering. The unsculptured stelai may have been coated with stucco and painted, though no trace of this is now discernible. This would mean that the grave stelai could be ornamented in two ways, (i) by sculpture in relief, (ii) by covering an unsculptured surface with stucco on which a scene was then painted.

^{page 144 note 1} Tsountas, and Manatt, (Myc. Age, p. 91)Google Scholar say that an unsculptured stele was found over Grave VI. by Stamatakes.

^{page 144 note 2} A possible contributory source of inspiration must not be overlooked in Cretan seal impressions of M.M. III. times, which shew human and animal figures with a dado underneath, themselves echoes of frescoes, cf. Evans, , Palace of Minos, i., Fig. 504 (a), (b), p. 694Google Scholar and Figs. 515, 516.

^{page 145 note 1} See Καββαδίας, Προïστορική ᾿Αρχαιολογία, Fig. 213, for an example from Troy, 5th city.

^{page 145 note 2} See p. 131, Note 7.