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Regional Mycenaean Pottery

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 September 2013

P.A. Mountjoy
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Abstract

A few points are illustrated concerning regional Mycenaean pottery from the Greek mainland dating from LHIIA to LHIIIC Late. It has been suggested that the use of certain motifs on certain closed shapes was perhaps as a label for the contents of the vase. Early Mycenaean regional styles in peripheral areas, such as Thessaly and Phocis, are discussed and regional preferences during the LHIIIA2–IIIB koine are mentioned. The influence of Crete on Mycenaean pottery in Laconia and Messenia during these phases is demonstrated. Contacts between the Ionian islands and the north-west Peloponnese with other areas in LHIIIC Late are noted.

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Articles
Information
Annual of the British School at Athens , Volume 85 , November 1990 , pp. 245 - 270
Copyright
Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 1990

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References

Acknowledgements: This paper is part of a larger study of regional Mycenaean pottery financed by an Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship held at the University of Mannheim and subsequently by a Large Personal Grant from the British Academy. I should like to thank Dr E. French and Dr C. Zerner for inviting me to give it at the Wace and Blegen Conference, Athens, 2–3 December 1989.

I am particularly grateful to the Archaeological Etairia and the Archaeological Service for the opportunity to work on Greek material and to the many members of the Service who gave me invaluable help in local museums.

Abbreviations

Achaia Papadopoulos, A.J.Mycenaean Achaia, SIMA 55, Göteborg, 1979.Google Scholar

Benzi Benzi, M.Ceramica micenea in Attica, Milan, 1975.Google Scholar

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Korakou Blegen, C.W.Korakou. A Prehistoric Settlement near Corinth, New Haven, 1921.Google Scholar

MDP Mountjoy, P.A.Mycenaean Decorated Pottery: A Guide to Identification, SIMA 73, Göteborg, 1986.Google Scholar

MP Furumark, A.Mycenaean Pottery: Analysis and Classification, Stockholm, 1941.Google Scholar

Origins Dickinson, O.T.P.K.The Origins of Mycenaean Civilisation, SIMA 49, Göteborg, 1977.Google Scholar

PGP French, E. and Wardle, K.Problems in Greek Prehistory, Bristol, 1988.Google Scholar

Prosymna Blegen, C.W.Prosymna: the Helladic Settlement preceding the Argive Heraion, Cambridge, 1937.Google Scholar

1 Klio 32 (1939) 134.

2 BSA 42 (1947) 1–75.

3 BSA 47 (1952) 49–95.

4 BSA 55 (1960) 67–107, 56 (1961) 221–60.

5 See MDP 223–28 for select bibliography up to 1985.

6 Benzi passim.

7 ADelt 29 (1974) A 25–58.

8 Achata passim.

9 Blegen, C.W.Zygouries: A Prehistoric Settlement in the Valley of Cleonae, Cambridge, 1928Google Scholar, Korakou, Prosymna; Wace, A.J.B. et al BSA 24 (1919–1921) 185–209Google Scholar, Ibid 25 (1921–23) 1–504, IdemChamber Tombs at Mycenae Archaeologia 82, Oxford, 1932.

10 See for example Immerwahr, S.The Athenian Agora XIII, The Neolithic and Bronze Ages, Princeton, 1971, 134, 149.Google Scholar

11 ADelt 29 (1974) A, pl. 29c–d.

12 ADelt 28 (1973) A, pl. 106b.

13 Ibid pl. 109b. The fabric of this alabastron suggests it is locally made.

14 BSA 69 (1974) 120, , J.B. and Rutter, S.H.The Transition to Mycenaean, Monumenta Archaeologica 4, Los Angeles, 1976, 64Google Scholar, Origins 24.

15 BSA 69 (1974) 117–8.

16 Hesperia 48 (1979) 234–63, Hydra 6 (1989) 1–19.

17 BSA 67 (1972) 108.

18 BSA 47 (1952) 79 fig. 4.

19 Elis, : ADelt 20 (1965) A pl. 10.16,17Google Scholar, Laconia, : ADelt 23 (1968) A pl.69b left, 69d right.Google Scholar

20 Hiller, S.Alt-Aigina IV.1 Mykenische Keramik, Mainz, 1975, pl. 21.210, 211Google Scholar, Prosymna II fig. 145.251, 683.611, 137, Tiryns VI pl. 16.1 left.

21 Tiryns, AA (1981) 183 fig. 39 leftGoogle Scholar, Korakou 37 fig. 51.3, Dramesi, Orchomenos V Pl.49c Fig. 5Google Scholar, Chalkis, BSA 47 (1952) pl. 20.493 Fig. 5Google Scholar, Makrysia, AD 23 (1968) A pl. 125c Fig. 5, Pylos III fig. 249.27 Fig. 5, Mycenae ChTs pl. 1.1.Google Scholar

22 BSA 67 (1972) 105.

23 BSA 78 (1983) 265–71.

24 MDP 47 fig. 53.4.

25 Ibid 41 fig. 43.1.

26 Ibid 42 fig. 44.1.

27 Ibid 40 fig. 42.1.

28 Chalkis, BSA 47 (1952) pl. 20.429Google Scholar, Fig. 6, 440, Dor, Kirrha L. et al. Kirrha, Étude de préhistoire phocidienne, Paris, 1964, pl. LII.6254Google Scholar Fig. 6, Prosymna I 399 no. 254, II fig. 145.254, Mycenae ChTs pl. 54 T.532.7.

29 Pylos III fig. 244.14 net, 273.6 foliate band.

30 Personal communication from T. Palaima.

31 Vandenebeele, F. and Olivier, J-PLes Ideogrammes archeologiques du Lineaire B, EC XXIV, Paris, 1979 181–275.Google Scholar

32 Tiryns PGP 134. The LHIIIA1 palace was built over the remains of an earlier palace; Nichoria, Hesperia 44 (1975) 99–101.Google Scholar A large LHIIIA1 building was erected over a large LHII complex; Menelaion, AR (1976–1977) 29.Google Scholar A large LHIIB building complex reuses dressed blocks from an earlier large building.

33 Feuer, B.The Northern Mycenaean Border in Thessaly, Oxford, 1983, 49–50.Google Scholar

34 Origins 100.

35 AM 14 (1889) pl. ix.7.

36 Vases illustrated Fig. 9: No provenance Apostolides Collection. Hunter, A. The Bronze Age in Thessaly and its Environs (B.Litt. Thesis Oxford 1953) pl. 7Google Scholar A72 Fig. 9.1, Chabaslar Ibid pl. 22 A74 Fig. 9.3, Chasampali, Thessalika 4 (1962) 42 fig. 8 cat.no. 22 Fig. 9.5Google Scholar, Bounarbasi, AD 19 (1964)Google Scholar B fig. 304 fig. 9.7.

37 Pevkakia, AM 14 (1889) pl. x.1 Fig. 9.2Google Scholar, Achilleion Pharsala GAC – H48 290 Fig. 9.4, Pevkakia, AM 14 (1889) pl. x.6 Fig. 9.6Google Scholar, Pevkakia Ibid pl. x.5 Fig. 9.8.

38 AM 14 (1889) pl. x.1.

39 The fringed rock derivative is found further south at Zeli in Phthiotis, AD 35 (1980) Bl pl. 103eGoogle Scholar on a squat jug. Very little material from this area has been published so far; it is possible that other elements popular on Thessalian Mycenaean pottery may also be found.

40 For ogival canopy see MDP 27 fig. 24.1.

41 Fig. 10: Prosymna fig. 498.62, Papadopoulos, A.J.Excavations at Aigion – 1970, SIMA 46, Göteborg, 1976, pl. 45aGoogle Scholar, right, Korakou 53 fig. 71 left.

42 Krisa, BCH 62 (1938) 129Google Scholar fig. 16, 130 fig. 17, Delphi Ibid 59 (1935) 366 fig. 19.

43 See examples BSA 67 (1972) pl. 33e middle row left, f bottom right and left, pl. 34d bottom right.

44 MP 327 fig. 55 FM 35.17.

45 BCH 62 (1938) pl. 23.7–8, 24.1,3,7.

46 Ibid pl. 27.6, Ibid 59 (1935) 366 fig. 19.1 + 4, 3 + 7, Fouilles de Delphes V.1 11 fig. 43.

47 Kourouniotis, K.Eleusiniaka, Athens, 1932, 132 fig. 110.381.Google Scholar

48 Amongst the few vases illustrated so far from Zeli, Kalapodi and Bikiorema there are no examples of this type: ADelt 32 (1977) B pl. 67c, Ibid 33 (1978) B pls.45,47, Ibid 35 (1980) B pls. 103–05.

49 ArchKorrblatt 18 (1988) 350.

50 Kase, E.W. ‘Mycenaean Roads in Phocis’ AJA 77 (1973) 74–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar See also Kase, E.W. and Wilkie, N.C. ‘The Phocis–Doris Expedition’ AD 32 (1977) B1 110–13.Google Scholar

51 AJA 77 (1973).

52 Ibid 76.

53 Ibid 77.

54 ADelt 32 (1977) B1 112 pl. 68d.

55 MDP 67.

56 For example: Ligori, BSA 42 (1947) pl. 9.9Google Scholar, Trachones Benzi 181.65 Fig. 13, Mylonas, Eleusis G.To Dytikon Nekrotapheion tes Eleusinas, Athens, 1975–1976, pl. 12.96Google Scholar, Furtwängler, Alike A. and Löschke, G.Mykenische Vasen, Berlin, 1886, pl. 18.131 Fig. 13Google Scholar, Vourvatsi, BSA 42 (1947) pl. 9.11.Google Scholar

57 Ibid 35–6, Benzi 46.

58 BSA 47 (1952) pl. 19.541.

59 PAE (1970) pl. 44b.

60 Achaia 104 fig. 128b.

61 ADelt 20 (1965) pl. 13d.

62 MDP 72–3.

63 BSA 26 (1923–5) 38–41.

64 Ibid 42.

65 , J.B. and Rutter, S.H.The Transition to Mycenaean, Los Angeles, 1976, 32–64.Google Scholar

66 Archaeometry 19 (1977) 211–19.

67 Rutter op.cit. fn. 65 64–5.

68 PGP 185–91.

69 PM IV 370 fig. 309a.

70 PGP 189 fig. 4.

71 Pylos I fig. 395.457.

72 MDP 125.

73 Kanta, A.The Late Minoan III Period in Crete, SIMA 58, 1980, Göteborg, 29 pl. 13.8Google Scholar, Eilapini 387 pl. I.1–2.

74 I thank Mrs M. Vlassaki for allowing me to mention this unpublished vase.

75 MDP 155–58.

76 BCH 59 (1935) 360 fig. 16, pl. 21.3, Ibid 62 (1938) 138 fig. 19.24.

77 MDP 83 fig. 99.1, 110 fig. 134, 146 fig. 182.

78 Orchomenos V 69 fig. 26.71, pl. 17b.

79 BCH 85 (1961) 361 fig. 46, 47.

80 AE (1932) pl. 9.138. The panel decoration on the left-hand side has been transferred from the back of the vase.

81 Ibid pl. 4.6 Fig. 19.

82 Aigeira Klio 67 (1985) 394–426Google Scholar, Teichos Dymaion PAE (1962) 127–33Google Scholar, Ibid (1963) 93–8, Ibid (1964) 60–67, Ibid (1965) 121–36, Ergon (1966) 156–65.

83 AAA 1 (1968) 291 fig. 1.

84 BSA 39 (1938–9) pl. 8,9a.

85 Thessalika 2 (1959) 74 fig. 5.

86 AE (1932) p1. 5.16.

87 BCH 59 (1935) 345 fig. 5.7–8. Some of the examples may belong to the LHIIIC Middle phase.

88 PAE (1970) pl. 46a.

89 PAE (1964) pl. 87b.

90 Lakkithra AE (1932) pl. 6.31Google Scholar, 32 Fig. 22, Metaxata AE (1933) pl. 1Google Scholar fourth row first right, ? Mazarakata Brodbeck-Jucker, S.Mykenische Funde von Kephallonia im Archäologischen Museum Neuchâtel, Rome, 1986, pl. 14.40.Google Scholar

91 BSA 39 (1938–9) pl. 6.53.

92 Ibid 13.

93 S. Brodbeck-Jucker op.cit. fn.90 pl. 13.39.

94 For example AD 17 (1961–62) pl. 112c.

95 AE (1971) pl. ΛBb,e,ΛEd.

96 Ibid pl. ΛBb.

97 AJA 64 (1960) pl. 1 fig. 6. Also found in recent excavations at Kallithea Patras by Professor A.J. Papadopoulos, whom I thank for this information.

98 MDP 145, 193.

99 They have found in a LHII context at Tsoungiza in the Corinthia; the custom may have come in and out of fashion in different areas. I thank Dr J. Rutter for this information.

100 Achaia 68–71. Fig. 24 Ibid 32 fig. 54a, 39 fig. 63a.

101 Ibid 71 fn.56.

102 AE (1971 pl. Λ Ba four-handled, pl. Λ Bb—e belly-handled.

103 ADelt 29 (1974) A25–58.

104 Achaia 73,81.

105 Ibid 59 fig. 83c, 60 fig. 84d.

106 Ibid 57 fig. 81g, 59 fig. 83e Fig.25, 62 fig. 86f.

107 Ibid 58 fig. 82f Fig.25, 82i, 59 fig. 83g, 62 fig. 86h.

108 Ibid 65 fig. 89c, 67 fig. 91i.

109 Ibid 57 fig. 81b. Further vases for which the provenance has been lost are illustrated Ibid 57 fig. 81a, 58 fig. 82a,c,h, 59 fig. 83d,f (chevrons on shoulder), i, 60 fig. 84b,c, 62 fig. 86a–d, 63 fig. 87a.

110 Fig.25 Delphi Fouilles V.1 10 fig. 29, Cave, PolisBSA 39 (1938–1939) pl. 4.69Google Scholar, Argos Tripolis Street AAA 8 (1975) 266 figs.11–12Google Scholar, Deshayes, Argos Deiras J.Argos. Les Fouilles de la Deiras, Études Peloponnesiennes IV, Paris, 1966, pl. LX.8–9.Google Scholar

111 Mention is made of banded stirrup jars Klio 67 (1985) 420 and fn. 56 in a LHIIIC Middle context, but the parallels cited from Achaia are of the larger type.

112 Achaia 62.

113 AAA 8 (1975) 267 fig. 13.

114 Ibid 265–6.

115 Ibid 266.

116 Ibid 274 fig. 23.

117 Deiras 60.

118 Sandars, N.K.The Sea Peoples, London, 1978, 180.Google Scholar

119 Fouilles V, 1 10 fig. 27.