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Notes and Inscriptions from the Cibyratis and Caralitis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 October 2013

Extract

In the summer of 1952 I visited Cibyra and the other cities of the tetrapolis, Bubon, Balbura, and Oenoanda, crossing from the last by the high pass of Girdev Gölü into Lycia; in the following year I walked from Cibyra eastwards to Lake Caralitis, Lagbe, and the interesting site at Kozaǧaci. The combined results of these journeys are presented here.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 1956

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References

page 136 note 1 The following abbreviations are used: Spratt and Forbes = Spratt, and Forbes, , Travels in Lycia, Milyas and the Cibyratis i–ii (1847).Google ScholarReisen ii = Petersen and von Luschan, Reisen in Lykien, Milyas und Kibyratis (= Reisen in südwestlichen Kleinasien ii, 1889). I have used the traditional form ‘Caralitis’, but it is possible that ‘Cabalitis’ is the correct one; see Robert, L., Rev. Phil. xiii. 180 f.Google Scholar

page 136 note 2 An unusual honour, omitting the intermediate rank of nahiye. The new kaza has taken the name of Gölhisar (below, p. 144).

page 136 note 3 In general, measurements of diameter are exclusive of mouldings.

page 139 note 1 I have adopted the date A.D. 23 for the era of Cibyra; but its correctness is not assured.

page 140 note 1 Spratt and Forbes (i. 265) say strangely: ‘two rudely shaped (Doric?) pillars’.

page 140 note 2 ‘Ru.’ This seems to be the same described by Spratt and Forbes, i. 266.

page 141 note 1 ‘Desert boat’: no one seems able to explain this curious name, which is not a familiar Turkish expression. The name Katara is not now applied to the site, but a hill with a chrome-mine half an hour to the east is called Gadira.

page 141 note 2 See the description in Spratt and Forbes, i. 270.

page 142 note 1 More than 1,000 feet above the plain. The altitude of the theatre is 1,360 metres.

page 142 note 2 The inscriptions of Termessus Minor were erected in Oenoanda.

page 142 note 3 In the inscription of Araxa, which I published in JHS lxviii (1948) 46 ff., mention is made of a war between Termessus and the Lycian League. I there expressed some doubt as to whether Termessus Major or Minor was meant, and some scholars have preferred the latter on the grounds of its greater proximity. Since visiting the site (supposing it to be correctly identified) it appears to me absolutely out of the question that Termessus Minor could have engaged in war with the Lycian League—or indeed in any war on its own account, without the consent and co-operation of Oenoanda.

page 142 note 4 L. Robert reports the discovery in 1948, on the plain of Sekiovasi, of two votive reliefs to Kakasbos, (Hellenica vii. 58).Google Scholar I do not know if either of these is identical with my 22 or 23, as Prof. Robert has not answered my letter of inquiry; one of them is evidently different, as it gives Kakasbos the epithet ἐπήκοος.

page 144 note 1 It is briefly described by Spratt and Forbes i. 254–5, and by Fellows, Lycia 256–7.

page 144 note 2 To this should possibly be added the rock-cuttings at the summit, which I found quite undatable.

page 144 note 3 The name is corrupted in the MSS. of Polybius, which have τῆς ἐντέμνη πόλεως. Those of Livy read Allymnē or Allimnen. (For this information I am gratefully indebted to Dr. A. H. McDonald.) There can be little doubt that ἐν Λίμνη̢ and ad Limnen, as read in recent texts, are correct. The name Alimne should disappear. In mentioning places on Manlius' march Livy regularly adds quae adpellatur or an equivalent phrase only to significant Greek names: so ‘Gordiutichos quod vocant, Xylinen quam vocant Comen, vicum quem Aporidos Comen vocant, Axylon quam vocant terram’. The single exception is in ch. 18, vicum quem vocant Tyscon: I have wondered if this is a sufficient reason for suspecting the reading Tyscon, a name otherwise unknown, and substituting Atyos Comen, the ‘village of Atys’ recognized by Ramsay in an inscription at Altmtas not far away (Ramsay, , CB ii. 584, n. 3Google Scholar).

page 144 note 4 Fellows, loc. cit., Spratt and Forbes, loc. cit.

page 148 note 1 See Spratt and Forbes, i. 252.

page 149 note 1 Or brother? Prima facie a male name would be expected here, but Γης (a rarish name) is elsewhere female: see MAMA vii. 169, 532; Belleten xviii (1954) 471.

page 150 note 1 Not having been to Bayir I cannot directly compare the two routes, but in general the country around here is not difficult for an army.

page 150 note 2 I take it that agros Sindensium implies independent territory, not merely a portion of the chora of Cibyra. Kiepert puts Sinda, with a query, at Büyük Alan. There is here apparently some sort of ancient site, which I have not seen; but in other respects this location is much less satisfactory. Büyük Alan lies well off the natural line of march; we must therefore suppose that its agri extended into the Gölhisar Ovasi, which is hard to believe: die whole of this plain is dominated by Cibyra. Ramsay, (CB i. 267)Google Scholar doubts the existence of Sinda, and thinks Isinda is meant.

page 150 note 3 Or whatever its true name was. Dr. McDonald informs me that two forms of the name have early MS. authority, namely Madamprum and Mandrupyum. The forms Manandrun. and Mandropolin, read in old editions, have no authority.

page 151 note 1 My photographs of these two reliefs, taken under difficulties, are not worth printing; I shall be pleased to send copies to anyone who is interested.

page 151 note 2 Heberdey-Kalinka, , Bericht über zwei Reisen (1896), 9, no. 85.Google Scholar I could not find this stone in the cemetery, but no. 26 is still there. (In line 4 of the latter read surely Νανηλης rather than Νάνη Λῆς).

page 151 note 3 A photograph of one of them in Belleten xviii (1954), fig. 4.

page 152 note 1 Also called Tekke Kozağaci to distinguish it from the village of the same name one hour south of Bayir Köyü. Kozağaci is also the name of the site of Idebessus.

page 153 note 1 Morc, however, might perhaps be made of this inscription; the photograph shows quite a number of more or less isolated letters. I was most unfortunately obliged to leave without taking a squeeze.

page 154 note 1 After Heberdey, Opramoas 69. The view perhaps more generally accepted is that the high priest and Lyciarch were identical, the former title being held during the term of office, the latter for life. See most recently Larsen, J. A. O., Representative Government (1955) 118–19Google Scholar, and for the contrary view Magie, , Roman Rule (1950) 1388–9, n. 54.Google Scholar

page 154 note 2 TAM ii. 650, 1125 (genit. Μασου): cf .Μασας 778, Μασα (genit.) 640. Μασας, genit. Μασαντος, is frequent at Termessus.

page 154 note 3 A prostoön on the steep slope in front of the sanctuary seems hardly probable, though there are in fact some foundations just below the rock platform which have recently been dug up and the stones removed by the villagers. I took them at the time to be those of a terrace wall.

page 154 note 4 Nu is in fact often added to practically any part of the verb in Imperial inscriptions: so ἐγένετον, εΙναιν, ἒξέστων, κατάκιμεν, &c.: but only, it appears, to avoid hiatus. See Sardis vii. 1. 154.

page 154 note 5 Cf. JHS lxxii (1952) 118, where a very considerable list of dedications amount in all to only 300 denaria.

page 156 note 1 This stone now stands in the village outside the house of Rașit Kara. The reading is correct in every detail.