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Knossos 1951–61: Classical and Hellenistic pottery from the town

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 September 2013

J. N. Coldstream
J. N. Coldstream
Affiliation:
University College London
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Abstract

The excavation of M. S. F. Hood in the area of the Minoan Royal Road at Knossos produced stratified deposits of Greek pottery ranging in date from Protogeometric to Hellenistic. This article, the last in a series of three, concentrates on the local and imported pottery of the Classical and Hellenistic periods. For the Classical sequence, a late-fourth century house deposit is supplemented by three earlier well fills from the area of the Vcnizeleion Hospital. There follows five stratified groups of Hellenistic pottery, the last two being from second-century floor deposits. Also included here are many pieces from less well stratified contexts, but of intrinsic interest.

Type
Articles
Information
Annual of the British School at Athens , Volume 94 , November 1999 , pp. 321 - 351
Copyright
Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 1999

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References

1 First. I thank Mr M. S. F. Hood for inviting me to publish this material from his Royal Road excavations, and for his help with the excavation records. The Managing Committee of the British School at Athens kindly allowed me facilities of study at Knossos. and the Central Research Fund of London University awarded a grant enabling me to complete the major part of the study in situ. Jonas Eiring gave freely of his expertise in Hellenistic pottery and saved me from several errors: those that remain are mine. I am also grateful to Dr G. Finkielsztejn for his expert advice on the Hellenistic amphora stamps, in advance of his forthcoming book Chronologie des timbres amplionques rhodiens de 266 à 106 av. J.-C. environ. Premier bilan, to appear in British Archaeological Reports. International Series. I thank Dr Nicola Coldstream for some of the profile drawings, and also Amanda Kelly who made all the final tracings.

Abbreviations for publications, other than those in general use: Cistern = Homann-Wedeking, B., ‘A Kiln site at Knossos’, BSA 45 (1950). 177–92Google Scholar, pottery from the cistern.

Demeter = KSD 25–46, pottery catalogue.

Glaukos = Callaghan, P. J., ‘KRS 1976: excavations of a shrine of Glaukos, Knossos’, BSA 73 (1978), 4–21Google Scholar: pottery catalogue.

Kiln = Homann-Wedeking, B., ‘A kiln site at Knossos’, BSA 45 (1950), 169–75Google Scholar: catalogue of pottery from the kiln.

KSD = Coldstream, J. N. and Catling, H. W. (eds), Knossos North Cemetery, Early Greek Tombs. (BSA supp. vol. 28. 1996Google Scholar).

KS 2 = Hood, S. and Smyth, D. (eds), Archaeological Survey of the Knossos Area. (2nd edn.; BSA supp. vol. 14. 1981Google Scholar).

KSD = Coldstream, J. N. (ed.), Knossos: Sanctuary of Demeter. (BSA supp. vol. 8. 1973Google Scholar).

LPW = Callaghan, P. J., ‘The Little Palace Well and Knossian pottery of the third and second centuries BC’. BSA 76 (1981), 37–58Google Scholar.

RR/H = Coldstream, J. N., ‘Knossos 1951–61: Orientalizing and Archaic pottery from the town’. BSA 68 (1973), 48–60Google Scholar: pottery catalogue, well RR/H/60 (deposit L).

Svoronos = Svoronos, J. N., Numismatique de la Crète ancienne (Macon, 1890Google Scholar).

UM, ii = Sackett, L. H. (ed.), Knossos from Greek City to Roman Colony: Excavations at the Unexplored Mansion, ii (BSA supp. vol. 21. 1992Google Scholar).

UM, ii H = pottery catalogue by Callaghan, P. J. in UM, ii. 90–133Google Scholar.

Other abbreviations: DB. = diameter of base; DR. = diameter of rim: H. = height; PH. = preserved height; PL,. = preserved length; Th. = thickness.

2 BSA 67 (1972), 63–98Google Scholar.

3 BSA 68 (1973), 33–64Google Scholar.

4 Cf. BSA 67 (1972), 64Google Scholar: JHS 72 (1952), 108Google Scholar: KS 2 41, no. 88.

5 BSA 68 (1973), 48–60Google Scholar, Well H by the Royal Road = 2 deposit L: UMii. 89–93. deposit H 1–4: BSA 92 (1997). 222–7, 240–2Google Scholar, deposit K.

6 BSA 92 (1997), 228–9Google Scholar. fig. 19, pl. 46. SW border of palace: Warren, P. M., AR 31 (1985), 127–8Google Scholar, extension for Stratigraphical Museum.

7 KSD 22–5, deposit B.

8 Homann-Wedeking, B., BSA 45 (1950), 169–75Google Scholar. I follow the dating proposed by Callaghan, P. in U M, ii. 98–9Google Scholar.

9 U M, ii. 93–100. deposits H 5–11.

10 KS 2 41, no. 88.

11 This rescue excavation was supervised by Miss Audrey Furness (now Mrs Ozanne).

12 BSA 67 (1972), 77, 81–4Google Scholar.

13 KNC 412, 460 (PG-O); BSA 68 (1973), 46 (Archaic)Google Scholar.

14 P. Day. pers, comm.; cf. KNC 474–514. Group P. On earlier cooking ware, U M, ii. 86.

15 KNC 385 8(G), 457 (O); BSA 68 (1973), 48 (Archaic)Google Scholar.

16 UM, ii. 99.

17 Cf. also Kiln shape l.2. fig. 4a.

18 UM, ii. 99. i.e. between H 8 (c. 350 BC) and H 9 (c. 325–300 BC).

19 Kiln shape II.2. seven examples as pl. 13 Ad: also UM, ii. H 5.5–6.

20 Callaghan, , UM, ii. 103Google Scholar.

21 On the antecedents of the Hadra type see Callaghan, . UM, ii. 99Google Scholar.

22 Including six pieces published here: R 2, 10, 14, 19, 30, 40.

23 Svoronos vi. 26.

24 e.g. BSA 75 (1980), 37–8Google Scholar. LPW no. 4.

25 As UM, ii. H 25.1 and 30.1.

26 Previously thought to be a post-Metellan feature: BSA 76 (1981), 100Google Scholar. sub V 346.

27 e.g. LPW nos. 17–20.

28 Rotroff, S., Agora, xxi. 42Google Scholar.

29 BSA 76 (1981), 98Google Scholar. fig. 9: more moulds reported in BSA 92 (1997), 197Google Scholar n. 2, in what may have been a pottes' quarter.

30 e.g. BSA 76 (1981), 100Google Scholar, V 362, fig. 10.

31 Well represented in the Cistern deposit, BSA 45 (1950, 179–80Google Scholar. fig. 15E.

32 For a full discussion of this shape based on whole vessels, see Callaghan, , BSA 75 (1980), 38–40Google Scholar. LPW nos. 5–16.

33 In UM, ii. e.g. H 28.11 (juglet), H 17.4 (amphoriskos).

34 From the same vessel, as detected by Callaghan, , BSA 76 (1981), 30Google Scholar, no. 49.

35 e.g. UM, ii. H 17.4. and cf. p. 119 on H 28.10. Already in the 4th c. however, flat bases are sometimes found on this shape, e.g. UM, ii. H 18.11 (c. 170–150 BC).

36 Callaghan, , UM, ii. IIIGoogle Scholar. on H 18.11 (c. 170-150 BC).

37 UM, ii. 261, L 13, pl. 224. from deposit H 14: Demeter E 31–3.

38 Cf. also LPW nos. 47– 8: Cistern, . BSA 45 (1950. 191Google Scholar. fig. 32.1, 6.

39 LPW no. 46: Cistern, BSA 45 (1950. 191Google Scholar, fig. 32.5; UM, ii. 261, L 24 7. pl. 224.

40 Callaghan, , BSA 76 (1981), 53Google Scholar with nn. 60–1.

41 Cf. Callaghan, . UM, ii. 129Google Scholar. pl. 115.

42 Cook, R. M., Greek Painted Pottery 3 (London. 1997). 197–8Google Scholar; Callaghan, , BSA 75 (1980), 34Google Scholar: BSA 76 (1981), 39. 56Google Scholar; UM, ii. 131–3. Our X 63 (e.g.) seems to be by the hand of the Hadra hydria fr. UM, ii. H 13.20.

43 UM, ii. H 12.29.