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Geometric Pottery at Delphi
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 October 2013
Extract
Few terms in archaeology have become as ambiguous as the term Proto-Corinthian. Used at first not unreasonably of a class of small vases found over a wide area, which bear considerable resemblance to Corinthian pottery, the name has come to be applied to a number of vases which differ very widely from the fabrics originally so called. Furtwaengler first extended this term to two vases found near Thebes, and since then the appropriateness of the term has not been seriously questioned. Nowhere is this extension of the term more unsuitable than at Delphi, where a large quantity of Proto-Corinthian ware in the original sense of the term was found, as well as the Geometric pottery which Perdrizet describes as follows: ‘le géométrique delphien appartient à la catégorie appelée protocorinthienne par M. Furtwaengler: il est douteux qu'on puisse l'attribuer à une fabrique locale.’ The most cursory comparison of the Geometric pottery of Delphi, hitherto classed as Proto-Corinthian, with the Proto-Corinthian originally so called, makes it clear that whatever be the provenance of the Geometric, the same name cannot reasonably be applied to both fabrics. In the real Proto-Corinthian pottery a variety of shapes occurs, all of small size. The most characteristic are the aryballos, the lekythos, the pyxis, and the long-necked, flat-bottomed jug. The Delphic Geometric pottery on the other hand has little variety in its shapes, and, as will be seen below, these differ in size and form from the Proto-Corinthian. Again the distribution of Proto-Corinthian pottery extends over a very wide area; it occurs all over the mainland of Greece, in Italy and Sicily, and even in Asia Minor. The vases on the other hand which, as will appear later, may be brought in line with the Geometric pottery at Delphi, are few in number, and only found within a small area.
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References
page 61 note 1 Jahrbuch, iii, p. 248.
page 61 note 2 Fouilles de Delphes, v, pp. 146–155.
page 61 note 3 Ibid. p. 133.
page 61 note 4 For typical P.-C. shapes see Wilisch, , Altkorinthische Tonindustrie, p. 6Google Scholar; Ann. d. Inst. 1877, Pls. A-B, C-D; Argive Heraeum, ii, pp. 124 ff.
page 62 note 1 Mon. Antichi, i, p. 798; ibid. xvii; J.H.S. 1912, p. 326.
page 62 note 2 Doerpfeld, , Troja und Ilion, i, p. 309.Google ScholarKoerte, , Gordion, p. 186.Google Scholar
page 62 note 3 Perdrizet, (Fouilles de Delphes, v, p. 145, Nos. 142–144)Google Scholar publishes three sherds which he calls Milesian. Prinz, (Naukratis, p. 134Google Scholar, note 2) rightly questioned this attribution, though he had only seen photographs of the fragments. Personal inspection has convinced me that they belong to the so-called Melian ware found in such large quantities in Rheneia and unfortunately for the most part still unpublished. (But see J.H.S. 1902,. p. 46.)
page 62 note 4 Fouilles de Delphes, p. 133, No. 1.
page 62 note 5 Ibid. Nos. 34 and 35.
page 62 note 6 Tiryns, i, Pl. XVII, 1 and 8.
page 62 note 7 Ibid. XVII, 8; XX, 3.
page 62 note 8 Wide, op. cit. Figs. 1–9.
page 62 note 9 I could not find these sherds when I visited Delphi.
page 62 note 10 See B.S.A. xiii, p. 120, Fig. 1 h.
page 63 note 1 E.g. Fouilles de Delphes, Figs. 528, 538.
page 63 note 2 Ibid. Fig. 501.
page 63 note 3 E.g. Fig. 504. For ring-stems elsewhere see Tiryns, i, p. 164; B.C.H. 1912, p. 499. Some were also found at Halos (B.S.A. xviii, p. 23).
page 63 note 4 Large, e.g., Fouilles de Delphes, Figs. 507, 508; small, ibid. Figs. 510–512.
page 63 note 5 Ibid. Fig. 528. Perdrizet says of this fragment ‘haut de cruche ou d'amphora,’ but it is quite clear that it is the neck of a jug, as the curve of the trefoil lip can be clearly traced.
page 63 note 6 Ath. Mitt. 1893, Pl. VIII, 2; B.C.H. 1912, p. 501; B.S.A. xviii, p. 22; Tiryns, i, Pl. XIV.
page 63 note 7 Fouilles de Delphes, Fig. 527.
page 63 note 8 Ibid. No. 56.
page 64 note 1 Wide, op. cit. Figs. 48–54; Ἐφημ. Ἀρχ. 1898, Pl. III, 2, and IV, 2; 1912, p. 33, Fig. 10.
page 64 note 2 Dragendorff, , Thera, iiGoogle Scholar, Figs. 344 a–b, 357.
page 64 note 3 Tiryns, i, Pl. XIV, 1.
page 64 note 4 Jahrbuch, 1887, p. 45, Fig. 3. Good examples at Delphi are Fouilles de Delphes, Figs. 501, 507, 508.
page 64 note 5 Cf. also Fouilles de Delphes, Fig. 506.
page 64 note 6 Cf. also ibid. Figs. 501, 506.
page 64 note 7 Wide, op. cit. Fig. 1–9; Ath. Mitt. 1903, p. 102, Fig. 19 (Thera); Wide, Fig. 27; B.S.A. xii, p. 35, Fig. 12 (Crete); Wide, Figs. 34, 35, 38, 39 (Boeotia); Tiryns, Pl. XX, 3.
page 64 note 8 Amer. Journ. of Arch. 1905, Pl. XII, A. 4.
page 64 note 9 E.g. Fouilles de Delphes, Figs. 505, 507, 508, 548, 549, Parallels elsewhere are Wide, Figs. 32, 33, 36, 37, 40; Ath. Mitt. 1903, Beilage xxvi and xxviii.
page 64 note 10 Fouilles de Delphes, Figs. 507 and 528.
page 64 note 11 Ibid. Figs. 505, 508, 509.
page 64 note 12 Ibid. Figs. 509, 520.
page 66 note 1 The true spiral occurs a few times at Thera (Thera, ii, Figs. 316, 321, 327; Ath. Mitt. 1903, Beil), vi, 3, and xiv, 5 and 6) and also in Crete, (B.S.A. xii, pp. 30 and 32).Google ScholarDragendorff, (Thera, ii, p. 157)Google Scholar says that this running spiral is constant on Proto-Corinthian ware. He seems to be thinking only of those vases which, as I hope to show, are not P.-C. at all, but Delphic Geometric. I know no example of such a spiral on real P.-C.
page 66 note 2 See also Fouilles de Delphes, Figs. 501 and 507.
page 66 note 3 Ibid. Figs. 528, 529.
page 66 note 4 Ibid. Fig. 513.
page 66 note 5 As on Fig. 513.
page 66 note 6 E.g. Tiryns, i, p. 154, Fig. 18; B.C.H. 1911, p. 356, Fig. 7; Wide, op. cit., Figs. 32, 65, 66; B.S.A. xii. p. 41.
page 66 note 7 Thus it occurs on a Boeotian figurine (Monuments Piot, i, Pl. III, and on Boeotian Geometric vases (Boehlau, , Jahrbuch, iii. p. 352Google Scholar, Figs. 29 and 30: Ath. Mitt. 1901, p. 35, Fig. 1).
page 66 note 8 Graef, , Akropolisscherben, Pl. X, No. 272Google Scholar; Arg. Her. ii, Pl. LVIII, 12 b.
page 66 note 9 Fouilles de Delphes, Fig. 524.
page 66 note 10 Ibid. Fig. 521. The ‘hour-glass’ occurs frequently on Geometric ware. E.g. Vases Antiques du Louvre, A. 266, 298; B.C.H. 1911, p. 355, Fig. 6, and 1912, p. 501, Fig. 8.
page 67 note 1 Fouilles de Delphes, Fig. 527.
page 67 note 2 Ibid. Fig. 530.
page 67 note 3 Ibid. Fig. 505.
page 67 note 4 Ibid. Figs. 517, 543, 544.
page 67 note 5 Ibid. Fig. 547.
page 67 note 6 Ibid. Figs. 541, 542, 545, 546.
page 67 note 7 Ibid. Figs. 548, 552.
page 67 note 8 Ibid. Figs. 548, 549.
page 67 note 9 Ibid. Figs. 542, 546. This motif occurs first on an early vase from Melos (Excav. at Phylakopi, Pl. XI, 5). In the Geometric period the Delphic examples may be paralleled by B.C.H. 1911, p. 352; Ath. Mitt. 1903, Beil. x, 1; Arg. Her. ii, Pl. LVIII, 13.
page 67 note 10 Fouilles de Delphes, Figs. 536, 539, 540.
page 67 note 11 Ibid. Figs. 536, 537, 538.
page 67 note 12 Published by Furtwaengler, in Jahrbuch, 1888, p. 248.Google Scholar
page 67 note 13 J.H.S. 1912, p. 339.
page 68 note 1 E.g. J.H.S. xix, Pl. VIII. Reinach, , Répertoire des Vases Peints, p. 190, 4.Google Scholar
page 68 note 2 Figured in Jahrb. 1888, loc. cit.
page 68 note 3 Dragendorff, , Thera ii, p. 190Google Scholar, Fig. 382.
page 68 note 4 Ibid. p. 191, Fig. 383.
page 68 note 5 Ath. Mitt. 1903, Beilage xxxiii, 1.
page 68 note 6 Ath. Mitt. 1897, p. 278, Fig. 10.
page 68 note 7 Fouilles de Delphes, Fig. 547.
page 68 note 8 Furtwaengler, , Aegina, i, p. 449Google Scholar, Nos. 172, 173.
page 69 note 1 Jahrb. 1892. Archaeologischer Anzeiger, p. 162, No. 24.
page 69 note 2 Fouilles de Delphes, Figs. 511 and 512.
page 69 note 8 Thus the ‘hour-glass’ occurs on a skyphos in Munich, (New Catalogue, 216)Google Scholar which is classed there as Proto-Corinthian.