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A Chian Wine-Measure

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 October 2013

Extract

Among the Chian inscriptions collected by G. Zolotas and published by his daughter Mme Sarou in ᾿Αθηνᾶ xx (1908) 113–281 there are a few for which Zolotas relied on readings supplied by correspondents who were less careful epigraphists than himself. One of these has now appeared in Chios Museum and deserves republication.

Chios Museum (from Aplotaria in Chios town). No inv. no. Block of blue-grey Chian marble, broken off on right and bottom left. Inscribed on front face. On the top (left) a circular cavity, with raised rim, tapering downwards to a small drainage hole, and (right) a similar but larger cavity of which only a small section is preserved. The inner surface of both is carefully dressed.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Council, British School at Athens 1956

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References

page 63 note 1 No. POB″, p. 271.

page 63 note 2 For further dimensions see Fig. 1.

page 63 note 3 J. Pouilloux, Recherches sur l'histoire et les cultes de Thasos 05 f., with references to earlier literature, and BCH lxxix 1955) 366 with figs. 37–38.

page 63 note 4 Regarding the cavity as made up of frusta of cones with an allowance for curvature calculated by Simpson's rule (H. Lamb, Infinitesimal Calculus 247 ff.).

page 63 note 5 Below, p. 63, n. 2. M. Pouilloux has most generously put at my disposal his observations on these sekomata.

page 64 note 1 The careful finish of the inner surface makes it unlikely that metal liners were used, so we need not hesitate to treat the actual measurements as absolute.

page 64 note 2 Head, Hist. Num. 2 599–601.

page 64 note 3 Broneer, O., Hesperia vii. 222 ff.Google Scholar and S. Young, ibid. viii. 274 ff.

page 64 note 4 Hultsch, , Metrol. Script., i. 208. 16.Google Scholar

page 64 note 5 Wilcken, , Arch. für Pap. Forsch., vi. 400 ff.Google Scholar

page 64 note 6 Lang, M., Hesperia xxv. 124, nos. 2, 8, 10, 15, 17, 30, 34, 58.Google Scholar

page 64 note 7 Loc. cit., especially p. 4.

page 65 note 1 On Miss Lang's interpretation nos. 10 and 34 of the Agora series, complete jars holding 7 Attic choes, would be decisive for her theory. For in their inscriptions she finds confirmation that they were designed to hold 8 Chian choes. But neither, I think, is certain. No. 10 has an unintelligible mark followed by eight vertical strokes and a small eta and unless we can interpret the initial mark it would be rash to assume that the strokes indicate capacity in Chian choes. No. 34 has an E followed by two vertical strokes which Miss Lang understands as half a metretes (E = hemi) and 2 choes, i.e. 8 choes. She then sees in the appearance of Chian psilosis evidence for the use of a Chian standard. But would we find with Chian psilosis an Attic use of epsilon for eta? Chian inscriptions of the fifth century are consistent in their use of eta.

page 65 note 2 Lang, M., BCH lxxvi (1952) 18 ff.CrossRefGoogle Scholar The inscription reads τῶν ἀγγέων μέων μέτρα δ[.....]| and these figures are ingeniously interpreted by Miss Lang as max. and min. heights and diameters used according to a formula later described by Heron of Alexandria (Hultsch, Metrol. Script. 202 ff.) for the volume of a pithos. Cf. Pouilloux, , Thasos i. 213 ff.Google Scholar

M. Pouilloux, impressed by the coincidence of multiples of 11 in this inscription and the letters Δl on the Chian stone and at the same time disturbed by the oddity of Διημίεκτον, would prefer to read ΔΙ ἡμίεκτον With some hesitation I reject this attractive suggestion because the significance of these multiples remains unexplained (though it should be noted that the diameter of the Διημίεκτον is very nearly 11 Ionic fingers); because I should expect some division between Δl and ἡμίεκτον because with 4,800 c.c. as half a hekteus the Chian amphora would become abnormally large.

page 65 note 3 It can be seen from Fig. 1 that if we exclude the immediate opening to the drainage hole the height becomes exactly 14 fingers.

page 65 note 4 Heron's formula used by Miss Lang for example:

×av. diameter2 × height.

page 65 note 5 Archimedes Περὶ κωνοειδῶν καὶ σφαιρειδῶν Prop, xxvii: παντὸς σχήματος σφαιροειδές ἐπιπἑδῳ τμαθἑντος διὰ τοῦ κέντρου ὀρθῷ ποτὶ τὸν ἄξονα τὸ ἁμίσεον τοῦ σφαιροειδέος διπλάσιόν ἐατι τοῦ κώνου τοῦ βάσιν ἔχοντος τἀν αὐτὰν τῷ τμάματι καὶ ἄξονα τὸν αὐτόν. It was, of course, known that the volume of a cylinder was three times that of the corresponding cone.

page 67 note 1 In this note I have done little more than reproduce (and perhaps misrepresent) the expert advice of many friends and colleagues, especially M. Pouilloux, Mr. P. M. Fraser, Dr. J. H. C. Thompson, and above all Miss Lang. I am deeply grateful to all of them, and to Mr. J. Boardman who drew the figure.