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Introduction

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2015

Steven C. Topik  and
Robert M. Levine
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Type
Introduction
Information
The Americas , Volume 48 , Issue 2 , October 1991 , pp. 131 - 138
Copyright
Copyright © Academy of American Franciscan History 1991

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References

1 Two of the most prominent studies to make this arguement are: Saes, Decio, A Formaçao do Estado Burgues no Brasil (1888–1891) (Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra, 1985)Google Scholar and Sodre, Nelson Werneck, Historia da Burguesia Brasileira (Rio de Janeiro: Civilizaçao Brasileira, 1976).Google Scholar

2 de Mendonça, Salvador, Ajuste de contas (Rio de Janeiro: n.p., 1912) p. 58.Google Scholar

3 Quoted in Silva, Hélio, 1889, a República nao Esperou o Amanhecer (Rio: Civilizaçao Brasileira, 1972), p. 88.Google Scholar

4 In Campos Porto, Manoel Ernesto, Apontamentos para a História da República (Rio: Imprensa Nacional, 1890), p. 131.Google Scholar

5 Ibid, p. 195.

6 London Economist, 23 Nov. 1889, p. 495; Statesman, Jan. 3, 1890, p.l.

7 New York Times, Dec. 22, 1889, p.l.

8 South American Journal, 14 Dec. 1889, p. 757.

9 Public Opinion, 8:7 (Nov. 23, 1889):159–162.

10 Lima, Manoel Oliveira, “Sete Anos de Repulbica no Brasil” in Witter, José Sebastiao ed. Manoel Ernesto Campos Porto, Apontamentos para a História da República (SP: Brasiliense, 1990), p. 22.Google Scholar