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State Constitutional Law in 1938–39

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2013

J. A. C. Grant
J. A. C. Grant
Affiliation:
University of California at Los Angeles
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Extract

The years 1936–38 were remarkable for the vigorous manner in which the courts attempted to preserve “the American system” from the return of the guild. The right to engage in a normal trade or calling without passing too rigorous an examination as to one's capabilities and training, to charge such prices for services as one sees fit regardless of the wishes of a dominant majority of those engaged in a particular trade or calling, and to close when one wishes rather than when a “code authority” commands, were given judicial protection. The past year has witnessed a partial change of heart. Apparently, opponents of the new economy of control are about to be told to “go to the polls, not to the courts.” Even more remarkable has been the increasing tendency on the part of the legal profession, under an expanding doctrine of “inherent” powers, to take back from the legislature and from the people the right to control that profession. This tendency continued unabated during the past year. In most fields, the cases were merely typical of the normal run of decisions on state constitutional questions.

Type
Research Article
Information
American Political Science Review , Volume 33 , Issue 4 , August 1939 , pp. 615 - 633
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 1939

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References

1 I am indebted to Mrs. G. C. Bell, research assistant in political science, for aid in selecting the cases considered in this article. They were chosen from the approximately 60,000 pages in the advance sheets of the National Reporter System from May, 1938, to May, 1939. Unless otherwise indicated, the decision was rendered by the court of last resort of the state concerned. In Oklahoma and Texas, decisions of the court of criminal appeals, although a specialized court of last resort, also are indicated.

2 Rodell, F., “Goodbye to Law Reviews,” Virginia Law Rev., Vol. 23, p. 38 (1936)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

3 Mooney. v. Phillips, 118 S. W. 2d 224 (July, 1938).

4 Grauman v. Jefferson County Fiscal Court, 117 S.W. 2d 918 (May, 1938).

5 McCall v. Automatic Voting Mach. Co., 180 So. 695 (Jan., 1938).

6 Cuthbert v. Smutz, 282 P. W. 494 (Nov., 1938).

7 Epperson v. Jordan, 82 P. 2d 445 (Aug., 1938), and companion cases.

8 Opinions of the Justices, 185 So. 376 (Dec., 1938).

9 See this Review, Vol. 32, p. 674.

10 State ex rel. W. D. A. v. Dammann, 280 N. W. 698 (June, 1938).

11 Opinion of the Justices, 19 N. E. 2d 807 (Feb., 1939).

12 Zimmerman v. Dammann, 283 N. W. 52 (Dec., 1938).

13 Gaine v. Burnett, 4 A. 2d 37 (Feb., 1939). Since the same judges compose the court of errors and appeals, the decision is final.

14 Holgate Bros. Co. v. Bashore, 200 A. 672 (June, 1938).

15 See this Review, Vol. 32, p. 683.

16 In re Jibb, 197 A. 12 (Jan., 1938).

17 Opinion of the Justices, 17 N. E. 2d 906 (Dec., 1938).

18 Opinion of the Justices, 14 N. E. 2d 465 (April, 1938).

19 Udall v. Severn, 79 P. 2d 347 (May, 1938).

20 McAulay v. Reeves, 81 P. 2d 860 (Aug., 1938).

21 Clover Valley Lumber Co. v. Sixth Judicial District Court, 83 P. 2d 1031 (Nov., 1938).

22 Daigh v. Schaffer, 23 Cal. App. 2d 449, followed in Austin v. Lambert, 77 P. 2d 849 (Cal., March, 1938).

23 Petition of Florida Bar Association, 186 So. 280 (Jan. and Oct., 1938).

24 Detroit Bar Assoc. v. Union Guardian Trust Co., 276 N. W. 365 (Oct., 1937) and 281 N. W. 432 (Oct., 1938).

25 See this Review, Vol. 32, pp. 1093–98.

26 See the discussion of the case cited supra, note 14.

27 Orr v. Quigg, 185 So. 726 (Dec., 1938).

28 See this Review, Vol. 30, p. 700; Grant, J. A. C., “Penal Ordinances and the Guarantee Against Double Jeopardy,” Georgetown Law Jour., Vol. 25, p. 293, at p. 297 (1937)Google Scholar.

29 See Grant, loc. cit.

30 Chandler v. City of Louisville, 125 S. W. 2d 1026 (Feb., 1939).

31 Barker v. Kansas City, 88 P. 2d 1071 (April, 1939).

32 Buntin v. Crowder, 118 S. W. 2d 221 (July, 1938).

33 Lindheimer v. Schweitzer, 16 N. E. 2d 897 (June, 1938).

34 State v. McGee, 198 S. E. 616 (Sept., 1938).

35 People v. Lind, 18 N. E. 2d 189 (Dec., 1938).

36 19 N. E. 2d 1020 (April, 1939).

37 West v. Commonwealth, 117 S. W. 2d 998 (May, 1938).

38 116 S. W. 2d 714 (March, 1938).

39 Elliott v. State, 116 S. W. 2d 1009 (May, 1938).

40 People v. Euctice, 20 N. E. 2d 83 (Feb., 1939).

41 Ex parte Schechtel, 82 P. 2d 762 (Aug., 1938).

42 State v. Midgett, 198 S. E. 613 (Sept., 1938).

43 State v. Shannon, 3 A. 2d 899 (Jan., 1939).

44 2 A. 2d 430 (Md., Nov., 1938).

45 184 So. 244 (Fla., Oct., 1938).

46 284 N. W. 4 (Wis., Feb., 1939).

47 See Grant, J. A. C., “Waiver of Jury Trial in Felony Cases,” California Law Rev., Vol. 20, p. 132 (1932)CrossRefGoogle Scholar, reprinted in Assoc. of Amer. Law Schools, Selected Essays on Constitutional Law, Vol. 2, p. 1301 (1938)Google Scholar.

48 State v. Karsunky, 84 P. 2d 390 (Nov., 1938).

49 State v. McCaw, 88 P. 2d 444 (March, 1939).

50 Guiterrez v. Gober, 87 P. 2d 437 (Jan., 1939).

51 State v. Gatton, 20 N. E. 2d 265 (May, 1938).

52 Conners v. State, 115 S. W. 2d 681 (April, 1938).

53 These rulings were based upon one of the least satisfactory of all doctrines. See the discussion of the Texas cases in Grant, J. A. C., “Self-Incrimination in Modern American Law,” Temple Law Quar., Vol. 5, p. 368 (1931)Google Scholar.

54 Daughtery v. State, 186 So. 780 (Jan., 1939).

55 211 U.S. 78(1908).

56 Opinion of the Justices, 15 N. E. 2d 662 (June, 1938).

57 Bowman v. Commonwealth, 125 S. W. 2d 213 (Feb., 1939).

58 Peak v. Commonwealth, 199 S. E. 473 (Nov., 1938).

59 Ex parte Lyons, 81 P. 2d 190 (June, 1938).

60 Mitnick v. Furniture Workers Union, Local …, 200 A. 553 (July, 1938).

61 See Grant, J. A. C., “The ‘Higher Law’ Background of the Law of Eminent Domain,” Wisconsin Law Rev., Vol. 6, p. 67 (1931)Google Scholar, reprinted in Assoc. of Amer. Law Schools, Selected Essays on Constitutional Law, Vol. 2, p. 1912 (1938)Google Scholar.

62 Cranch 87 (U. S., 1810).

63 1 Cranch 137 (U. S., 1803).

64 Lovell v. Griffin, 303 U. S. 444 (1938).

65 City of Milwaukee v. Snyder, 283 N. W. 301 (Jan., 1939).

66 Whse. Tobacco Dealers Bureau … v. National Candy and Tobacco Co., 82 P. 2d 3 (July, 1938).

67 Associated Merchants of Montana v. Ormesher, 86 P. 2d 1031 (Feb., 1939).

68 State v. Langley, 84 P. 2d 767 (Dec., 1938).

69 English v. Ruback, 281 N. W. 607 (Oct., 1938).

70 State v. Packard-Bamberger & Co., 2 A. 2d 599 (Oct., 1938).

71 See this Review, Vol. 32, p. 688.

72 Miami Laundry Co. v. Florida Dry Cleaning & Laundry Board, 183 So. 759 (July, 1938).

73 Lichtenstein v. Coleman, 183 So. 730 (Sept., 1938).

74 State v. McMasters, 283 N. W. 767 (Feb., 1939).

75 Board of Barber Examiners v. Parker, 182 So. 485 (on rehearing, May, 1938).

76 Herrin v. Arnold, 82 P. 2d 977 (July, 1938); Vandervort v. Keen, 85 P. 2d 405 (Nov., 1938).

77 State v. Greeson, 124 S. W. 2d 253 (Feb., 1939).

78 State v. McMasters, 283 N. W. 767 (Feb., 1939).

79 Opinion of the Justices, 14 N. E. 2d 953 (May, 1938).

80 Oklahoma City v. Johnson, 82 P. 2d 1057 (Sept., 1938).

81 Amitrano v. Barbaro, 1 A. 2d 109 (July, 1938).

82 See the discussion of the case cited supra, notes 14 and 26.

83 Lawson v. Woodruff, 184 So. 81 (Oct., 1938).

84 People v. Victor, 283 N. W. 666 (Feb., 1939).

85 See this Review, Vol. 31, p. 672.

86 Poole & Creber Market Co. v. Breshears, 125 S. W. 2d 23 (Dec., 1938).

87 United States v. Carolene Products Co., 304 U. S. 144 (1938).

88 State v. Withrow, 280 N. W. 364 (June, 1938).

89 State v. Lawrence, 197 S. E. 586 (June, 1938.)

90 Prior v. White, 180 So. 347 (April, 1938).

91 City of Shreveport v, Cunningham, 182 So, 649 (June, 1938).

92 H. R. 9285, 70th Cong., 2d Sess., vetoed March 4, 1929.

93 Walton v. Parsons, 80 P. 2d 20 (May, 1938).

94 Carr v. Jefferson County, 122 S. W. 2d 482 (Dec, 1938).

95 Cox v. State, 279 N. W. 482 (May, 1938).

96 Jack v. State, 82 P. 2d 1033 (June, 1937); Graham v. State, 83 P. 2d 815(Oct., 1938).

97 American States Water Service Co. v. Johnson, 88 P. 2d 770 (March, 1939).

98 In re Voorhees' Estate, 3 A. 2d 891 (N. J., Feb., 1939).

99 Great A. & P. Tea Co. v. Board of Commissioners, 4 A. 2d 16 (Feb., 1939).

100 Ard v. City of Macon, 200 S. E. 678 (Nov., 1938).

101 Louisiana v. Great A. & P. Tea Co., 183 So. 219 (La., May, 1938).

102 Ware Lodge … etc. v. Harper, 182 So. 59 (June, 1938).

103 Spaulding v. City of Rutland, 3 A. 2d 556 (Jan., 1939).

104 City of Daytona Beach v. King, 181 So. 1 (May, 1938).

105 City of Tampa v. Tampa Shipbuilding and Engineering Co., 186 So. 411 (Jan., 1939).

106 See the cases cited infra, note 113.

107 Lamb v. Board of County Peace Officers Retirement Com'n. 84 P. 2d 183 (Nov., 1938).

108 Judd v. Board of Education, 15 N. E. 2d 576 (May, 1938).

109 See the discussion of the case cited supra, note 10.

110 Olds Y. Alvord, 183 So, 711 (March, 1938).

111 20 Wallace 655 (U. S., 1874).

112 Idel v. Hamilton-Brown Shoe Co., 121 S. W. 2d 817 (Sept., 1938).

113 Marvin v. Housing Authority of Jacksonville, 183 So. 145 (Fla., July, 1938); Williamson v. H. A. of Augusta, 199 S. E. 43 (Ga., Sept., 1938); Krause v. Peoria H. A., 19 N. E. 2d 193 (Ill., Jan., 1939); Porterie v. H. A. of New Orleans, 182 So. 725 (La., June, 1938); Rutherford v. City of Great Falls, 86 P. 2d 656 (Mont., Jan., 1939); Wells v. H. A. of Wilmington, 197 S. E. 693 (N.C., June, 1938); Dornan v. Philadelphia H. A., 200 A. 834 (Pa., June, 1938); McNulty v. Owens, 199 S. E. 425 (S.C., Oct., 1938); Knoxville H. A. v. City of Knoxville, 123 S. W. 2d 1085 (Tenn., Jan., 1939).

114 Conway v. New Hampshire Water Resources Board, 199 A. 83 (April, 1938).

115 See Frothingham v, Mellon, 262 JJ, g, 4.47 (1923).

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