¹ During the trial before the International Military Tribunal (IMT) against Hermann Goering, Rudolf Hess, et al., Justice Robert H. Jackson of the United States Supreme Court, Washington, D. C., was the United States Chief of Counsel for War Crimes; during the twelve subsequent trials, Brigadier General Telford Taylor was the Chief of Counsel.

² Brief survey of the records of the Nuremberg War Crime Trials. By Niebergall, Fred, Chief of the Document Division. (Nuremberg: mimeographed as press release. 1949.Google Scholar)

³ These files are now located in England; microfilms are kept by the United States Department of State and the British Foreign Office which, with the French Foreign Ministry, are publishing parts of the material. These volumes are already published: Documents on German Foreign Policy; Volume I: From Neurath to Ribbentrop, September 1937–September 1938; Volume II: Germany and Czechoslovakia, 1937–1938. (Washington, D. C.: United States Government Printing Office. 1949. Pp. cv, 1220 Google Scholar and pp. lxxxv, 1070.); Nazi-Soviet Relations 1939–1941. (Washington, D. C.: Department of State. 1948. Pp. xxxiii, 362.)Google Scholar

⁴ A great part of the military documents used in Nuremberg were provided from the valuable collection of the Department of the Army, Washington, D. C.

⁵ This paper is not concerned with other German material kept in the various governmental departments and the Library of Congress in Washington, D. C.

⁶ Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal. (Nuremberg, Germany. 1949. 41 volumes.)Google Scholar The excellent chronological, subject, and name indices are of great value not only for research on the IMT case but also as providing leads for research work on the subsequent twelve cases. (Blue series.)

⁷ Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression. (Washington, D. C.: United States Government Printing Office. 1946. 8 volumes.)Google Scholar See also International Conference on Military Trials, London 1945. By Jackson, Robert H.. (Washington, D. C.: Department of State. Publication 3080, 1949. Pp. xx, 441.)Google Scholar (Red series.)

⁸ Trials of War Criminals; The Medical Case. (Washington, D. C.: United States Government Printing Office. 1949. 2 volumes.)Google Scholar An excellent selection from the available material. (Green series.)

⁹ About one hundred scholars and students in the United States and Germany are already doing research work on the Nuremberg material.

¹⁰ The following German-language publications, written by Gisevius of the Police Administration, von Hassel of the Foreign Service, the author Pechel, the lawyer and officer von Schlabrendorff and the poet Rainer Hildebrandt of the Action Group against Inhumanity, are important contributions to the history of the German resistance movement: Bis zum bittern Ende. By Gisevius, Hans Bernd. (Zuerich: Fretz & Wasmuth Verlag. 1946. Vol. I, pp. 469 Google Scholar; Vol. II, pp. 462.); Vom andern Deutschland. By von Hassel, Ulrich. (Zuerich: Atlantic Verlag. 1946. Pp. 416.)Google Scholar; Deutscher Widerstand. By Pechel, Rudolf. (Zuerich: Eugen Rentsch Verlag. 1949. Pp. 343.)Google Scholar; Offiziere gegen Hitler. By von Schlabrendorff, F. and von S. Gaevernitz, Gero. (Zuerich: Europa Verlag. Pp. 203.)Google Scholar; Wir sind die Letzten; Aus dem Leben des Wideratandskaempfers Albrecht Haushofer und seiner Freunde. By Hildebrandt, Rainer. (Neuwied-Berlin: Michael Verlag. 1949. Pp. 207.)Google Scholar

¹¹ For further details see: Nuremberg Trials, War Crimes and International Law. By Taylor, Telford. (New York: Carnegie Foundation for International Peace. 1949. Pp. i, 128.)Google Scholar A German translation of this excellent study is in preparation. A French edition has already been published. See also Final Report to The Secretary of War on the Nuremberg War Crimes Trials under Control Council Law No. 10. By Taylor, Telford. (Washington, D. C.: U. S. Government Printing Office. 1949. Pp. vii, 345.)Google Scholar

¹² Trial of the Major War Criminals before the International Military Tribunal. Op. cit.

¹³ Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression. Op. cit.

¹⁴ Portraet eines Menschheitsverbrechers; Alfred Rosenberg. By Lang, Serge and von Schenck, Ernst. (St. Gallen: Verlag Zollikofer and Co. 1947. Pp. xii, 356.)Google Scholar An analysis of defense material written by Alfred Rosenberg in the Nuremberg prison for the use of his defense counsel; Aus Alfred Rosenbergs Geheimakten. By Kempner, Robert M. W.. (Berlin: Der Monat. Jahrgang 1. Heft 10. 1949. Pp. 26–38.)Google Scholar The plans of Hitler's advisor on Church affairs for the liquidation of the Christian Churches in Germany after a victorious conclusion, of the war; Dokumente aus dem Kampf der Katholischen Kirche im Bistum Berlin gegen den Nationalsozialismus. By Ordinariat, Bischoefliches. (Berlin: Morus Verlag. 1946. Pp. 118.)Google Scholar Numerous official documents on the persecution of the Catholic Church in Berlin; Kreuz und Hakenkreuz. By Neuhaeusler, Johann. (Muenchen: Verlag Katholische Kirche Bayerns. 1946. Pp. x, 464.)Google Scholar This book by the Catholic Bishop of Munich with a foreword by Cardinal Michael von Faulhaber is the best documented account of the persecution of the Catholic Church by the government of the Third Reich; Der Bayerische Klerus in der Zeit dreier Revolutionen 1918–1933–1945; 25 Jahre Klerusverband 1920–1945. By Natterer, Alois. (Muenchen: Verlag der Katholischen Kirche Bayerns. 1946. Pp. xii, 427.)Google Scholar A valuable description of the persecution of the Catholic Church in Bavaria; Abrechnung mit Hitler. By Schacht, Hjalmar. (Hamburg: Rowohlt Verlag. 1946. Pp. 47.)Google Scholar A report by Hitler's much overrated financial wizard on his alleged opposition to the Third Reich's regime; Hier spricht Hans Fritzsche. By Fritzsche, Hans. (Zuerich: Interverlag. 1948. Pp. 308.)Google Scholar A whitewash report of psychological interest; Goebbels Tagebuecher. Edited by Lochner, Louis P.. (Zuerich: Atlantic Verlag. 1948. Pp. xi, 528.)Google Scholar The diaries of the the former German Propaganda Minister are among the most valuable historical documents of the history of the Third Reich; Joseph Goebbels, Daemon einer Diklatur. By Stephan, Werner. (Stuttgart: Union Deutsche Verlangsanstalt. 1949. Pp. x, 311.)Google Scholar A former councillor of the Propaganda Ministry gives a sincere account of Goebbels's personal life and his propaganda machine; The Belsen Trial. Edited by Philipps, Raymond with a foreword by Jowitt, Lord. (London: William Hodge. 1949. Pp. 1, 479.)Google Scholar Josef Kramer, the Camp Commandant of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, and 44 other guards were tried by a British Military Court at Lueneburg to answer for their deeds at Belsen and Auschwitz. The book contains a masterly and exact summary of the facts and the law. It is the second volume of the British War Crime Trials Series under the general editorship of Sir David Maxwell Fyfe which includes: Vol. I: The “Peleus” Trial; Vol. III, The Gozawa Trial; Vol. IV: The Hadamar Trial; Vol. V: The Natzweiler Trial; Vol. VI; Trial of von Falkenhorst. Other volumes are forthcoming; La persécution des Juifs en France et dans les autres pays de l'Ouest, presentée par la France à Nuremberg. Edited by Monneray, Henry with a preface by Cassin, René and introduction by Faure, Edgar. (Paris: Editions du Centre. 1947. Pp. 426.)Google Scholar; La persécution des Juifs dan les pays de l'Est presentée à Nuremberg. Edited by Monneray, Henry with a preface by General Taylor, Telford and introduction by Cassin, René. (Paris: Editions du Centre. 1949. Pp. 358.)Google Scholar German documents concerning the persecution of Jews in France and the Western countries are reprinted and analyzed in these books which are part of a French series on the Jewish persecution by German government agencies; La Condition des Juifs en France sous l'Occupation Italienne. By Poliakow, L.. (Paris: Editions du Centre de Documentation Juive Contemporaine. 1946. Pp. 1741.)Google Scholar German Gestapo and Foreign Office documents on the persecution of Jews in the Italian occupied region of Southern France; Le pillage par les Allemands des oeuvres d'art et des bibliotheques. By Cassou, Jean. (Paris: Editions du Centre de Documentation Juive Contemporaine. 1947. Pp. 267.)Google Scholar German documents on the spoliation of art objects in France by Hermann Goering, Alfred Rosenberg, Otto Abetz and others; Das Organisationsverbrechen. By Haensel, Carl. (Muenchen: Biederstein Verlag. 1947. Pp. 61.)Google Scholar One of the most prominent of the Nuremberg defense counsel discusses the legal aspects of crime by organization in a scholarly manner.

¹⁵ Judgment Case XI, p. 5.

¹⁶ Als Botschafter in Berlin 1931–1938. By Poncet, André Francois. (Mainz: Florian Kupferberg Verlag. 1941. Pp. xvi, 366.)Google Scholar An important contribution to the history of European foreign relations by the former French Ambassador to Germany; Moskau Tokio London; Erinnerungen und Betrachtungen zu 20 Jahren deutscher Aussenpolitik 1919–1939. By von Dirksen, Herbert. (Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer Verlag. 1949. Pp. viii, 279.)Google Scholar A realistic and sincere contribution to the history of German foreign relations by a long-time German career diplomat. The chapters concerning the period before the German attack against Poland are of great interest; Ruheloses Leben; Aufzeichnungen und Erinnerungen eines deutschen Diplomaten. By Rahn, Rudolf. (Duesseldorf: Verlag Diederichs. 1949. Pp. 298.)Google Scholar A valuable contribution by the former German Ambassador to Italy. The chapters on the last days of Mussolini are of special interest; Wahn und Wirklichkeit. By Kordt, Erich. (Stuttgart: Union Deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft. 1949. Pp. xiii, 430.)Google Scholar A valuable report on German foreign relations under Hitler written by Joachim von Ribbentrop's Bureau chief. The otherwise accurate report omits an account of the criminal activities of the Foreign Office in the field of genocide and murder by government; Was wirklich geschah; Die diplomatischen Hintergruende der deutschen Kriegspolitik. By Holldack, Heinz. (Muenchen: Nymphenburger Verlag. 1949. Pp. ix, 547.)Google Scholar A valuable attempt to present documentary evidence on Hitler's plans for aggressive wars. Its value is reduced by frequent quotations of unreliable testimony of defendants; Statist auf diplomatischer Buehne. By Dr.Paul, (Otto) Schmidt, . (Bonn: Athenaeum Verlag. 1949. Pp. 604.)Google Scholar Hitler's former chief interpreter gives a vivid eyewitness account of important diplomatic conferences, unfortunately suppressing the darkest chapters of his experience in the German Foreign Office; Der Hochverrats prozess gegen Dr. Guido Schmidt vor dem Wiener Volksgericht. (Wien: Oesterreichische Staatsdruckerei. 1947. Pp. viii, 698.)Google Scholar The official transcript of the war crimes trial against the former Austrian Foreign Minister, containing important material on the Anschluss; Die Beziehungen zwischen Deutschland und der Sowjet Union 1939–1941; Dokumente des Auswaertigen Amtes. By Dr.Seidl, Alfred. (Tuebingen: H. Laupp'sche Buchhandlung. 1949. Pp. xxxix, 414.)Google Scholar A German edition of Nazi-Soviet Relations 1931–1941 (see note 3) by one of the German defense counsel, containing a total of 251 documents; Canaris, Patriot und Weltbuerger. By Abshagen, Karl Heinz. (Stuttgart: Union Deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft. 1949. Pp. xii, 408.)Google Scholar A glorification of the chief of the military German intelligence, the Admiral Wilhelm Canaris, who sabotaged the peaceful efforts of the Weimar Republic after World War I, sacrificed thousands of German soldiers in suicidal missions during World War II, ordered German sabotage in the United States, and was executed as a resistance fighter against Hitler; Der Diplomat vor Gericht. By Boveri, Margaret. (Berlin: Minerva Verlag, 1949. Pp. 88.)Google Scholar A whitewash report for von Weizacker published by a personal friend before judgment was passed.

¹⁷ Das Diktat der Menschenverachtung; Der Nuernberger Aerzteprozess und seine Quellen. By Mitscherlich, Alexander and Mielke, Fred. (Heidelberg: Verlag Lambert Schneider. 1947. Pp. ii, 176.)Google Scholar An analysis of documents presented in the medical case; Um die Menschenrechte der Geisteskranken. By Leibbrand, Werner. (Nuremberg: Verlag Die Egge. 1946. Pp. 117.)Google Scholar Contains material on the systematic killing of the insane; Wissenschaft ohne Menschlichkeit; Medizinische und eugenische Irrwege unter Diktatur, Buerokratie und Krieg. By Mitscherlich, Alexander and Mielke, Fred. (Heidelberg: Verlag Lambert Schneider. 1949. Pp. viii, 307.)Google Scholar A scholarly analysis of the Nuremberg material on medical experiments.

¹⁸ Der SS-Staat. By Kogon, Eugen. (Muenchen: Verlag Karl Alber. 1949. Pp. xxiii, 339.)Google Scholar The outstanding study on the mechanics of annihilation in a totalitarian state; Reise durch den letzten Akt. By Vermehren, Isa. (Hamburg: Christian Wegner Verlag. 1948. Pp. 233.)Google Scholar A vivid eyewitness account of genocidal methods in concentration camps; Lucifer ante Portas; Zwischen Severing und Heydrich. By Diels, Rudolf. (Zuerich: Interverlag, Genferstr. 25. 1949. Pp. 326.)Google Scholar The first chief of the Gestapo tells the story of that agency in its first beginnings when the groundwork was laid for the abolition of all civil liberties. The author is forthright enough to present his experiences without too much caution about his own role.

¹⁹ Invasion 1944. By Speidel, Hans. (Tuebingen: Rainer Wunderlich Verlag. 1949. Pp. 203.)Google Scholar An historical account of the Allied invasion of France in 1944 and the liquidation of Field Marshal Erwin Rommel written by his able former Chief of Staff; Afrikanische Schicksalsjahre; Das Deutsche Afrikakorps unter Rommel. By von Esebeck, H. G.. (Wiesbaden: Limes Verlag. 1949. Pp. 278.)Google Scholar A real contribution to the history of the German Africa Corps under Rommel; Ein General kaempft gegen den Krieg; Aus nachgelassenenen Papieren des Generalstabschefs Ludwig Beck. By Foerster, Wolfgang. (Muenchen: Dom Verlag, 1949. Pp. iii, 139.)Google Scholar Important notes of historical value written by one of the few German generals who really were opposed to Hitler; Der Fritsch-Prozess 1938; Ablauf und Hintergruende. By Kielmansegg, Graf. (Hamburg: Hoffmann und Campe Verlag. 1949. Pp. xiv, 152.)Google Scholar A contribution to the problem of the relationship between Hitler and his generals during the spring crisis of 1938; Hitler als Feldherr. By Haider, Franz. (Muenchen: Dom Verlag. 1949. Pp. 64.)Google Scholar An apologia for the German generals who could have done things better. The contents are in crass contradiction to Haider's own war-diaries from the Nazi time; Der letzte Monat. By Koller, Karl. (Mannheim: Norbert Wohlgemuth Verlag. 1949. Pp. ix, 138.)Google Scholar The former Chief of the General Staff of the German Luftwaffe lodges the accusation against Hitler that he had, through the attack on Russia, brought on a “situationfar transcending Germany's armed capacities”; Die letzten Tage. By Boldt, Gerhard. (Hamburg: Rowohlt Verlag. 1947. Pp. 91.)Google Scholar An accurate account of a sincere officer on the last days of the Reich Chancellery; Es begann an der Weichsel. By Thorwald, Juergen. (Stuttgart: Steingruber Verlag. 1950. Pp. ix, 350.)Google Scholar A valuable contribution to the history of the Russian invasion of Silesia during the last months of World War II; Zwischen Wehrmacht und Hitler, 1934–1938. By Hossbach, Friedrich. (Wolfenbuettel: Wolfenbuetteler Verlagsanstalt. 1949. Pp. 224.)Google Scholar An important contribution to the knowledge of Hitler's war plans with a rather naive approach towards the obligations of an officer.

²⁰ According to the Final Report of the Document Disposal Division by Fred Niebergall, Director, July 10, 1949, submitted to the Department of the Army.

²¹ The detrimental effect of the failure to publish the Court decision in German is augmented by the fact that the German nationalistic circles provided publications of whitewash material suppressing incriminating evidence or distorting facts. See: Warum wurde Krupp verurteilt? By von Wilmowski, Tilo. (Stuttgart: Friedrich Vorwerk Verlag. 1950. Pp. 224.)Google Scholar; Zur Frage einer Revision der Kriegsverbrecher Prozesse. By Dr.Aschenauer, Rudolf. (Muenchen: Hoefling Verlag. 1950.)Google Scholar