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III. The Rôle of Latin America in Relation to Current Trends in International Organization

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2013

Arthur P. Whitaker
Arthur P. Whitaker
Affiliation:
University of Pennsylvania
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Extract

Latin America's part and problems in the international order that is now emerging have not taken final shape at the present writing (March, 1945), and may not do so for some time after the United Nations Conference scheduled to open at San Francisco on April 25. Nevertheless, most of the main outlines seem to have been sketched in by recent developments, notably by the Dumbarton Oaks Proposals of October, 1944, and two subsequent conferences: the Great-Power conference held at Yalta in February of this year, and the Inter-American Conference on Problems of War and Peace (commonly called the Chapultepec Conference) held at Mexico City in February and March.

I

The Dumbarton Oaks Proposals, although neither complete nor definitive, did give an official and rather detailed picture of the kind of general international organization the Great Powers were planning to establish. From the point of view of this paper, the two principal features of the plan were (1) that it established a pattern of Great Power ascendancy in the general organization, particularly with reference to its central organ, the Security Council, and (2) that it encouraged the development of regional arrangements and agencies, such as the inter-American system, within the framework of the general organization (Proposals, Chap. VIII, Sec. C). The former feature was reinforced by the Yalta Conference, the latter by the Chapultepec Conference, which was devoted primarily to the task of strengthening the inter-American system and adapting it to the projected general organization outlined by the Dumbarton Oaks Proposals.

Type
Latin America Looks to the Future
Information
American Political Science Review , Volume 39 , Issue 3 , June 1945 , pp. 500 - 511
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 1945

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References

1 The economic aspects of the question are discussed in an excellent article by Wallich, Henry C., “The Outlook for Latin America,” Harvard Butiness Review (Autumn, 1944), pp. 65–78.Google Scholar

2 Contrary to expectations, the resolution on Argentina was not presented for formal approval at the final plenary session of the Conference, but it was approved by all the heads of delegations.

3 Because of limitations of space and the primarily political character of this paper, no consideration has been given in it to the “general welfare” aspects of the inter-American system; but it should be noted that in this respect, too, action is being broadened and intensified, as illustrated by the great amount of attention given by the Chapultepec Conference to American standards of living and other social and economic questions.