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Constitutional Law in 1937–1938: The Constitutional Decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States in the October Term, 1937

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 September 2013

Robert E. Cushman
Robert E. Cushman
Affiliation:
Cornell University
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Extract

During the 1937 term, the Supreme Court underwent the first changes in its personnel since Mr. Justice Cardozo succeeded Mr. Justice Holmes in March, 1932. On June 1, 1937, Mr. Justice Van Devanter retired and was succeeded at the opening of the new term in October by Mr. Justice Black. On January 18, 1938, Mr. Justice Sutherland retired and was succeeded on January 31 by Mr. Justice Reed. During a substantial part of the term, Mr. Justice Cardozo was absent on account of illness, and his death occurred July 9, 1938. Mr. Justice Black, whose appointment had attracted much public comment, threw himself into the work of the Court with unusual vigor. During the term, he wrote the opinion of the Court in fifteen cases. He dissented in fourteen cases, in nine of which he wrote dissenting opinions. He concurred without substantial opinion in eleven cases, and wrote a concurring opinion in one other case. Mr. Justice Reed participated less actively, first because of the lateness of his appointment, and second because his prior service as Solicitor-General of the United States disqualified him from sitting in a considerable number of cases. These changes in the membership of the Court have altered the almost even division on the bench between the so-called conservatives and the so-called liberals. Without attempting to speculate as to the course of future decisions, it is significant that the irreconcilably conservative block of justices, consisting of Justices Van Devanter, Sutherland, McReynolds, and Butler, has been broken up.

Type
Research Article
Information
American Political Science Review , Volume 33 , Issue 2 , April 1939 , pp. 234 - 266
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 1939

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References

1 303 U.S. 419, 1938.

2 304 U.S. 144, 1938.

3 See this Review, Vol. 32, p. 283.

4 303 U.S. 453, 1938.

5 304 U.S. 333, 1938.

6 303 U.S. 261, 1938.

7 A similar result was reached on similar facts in N.L.R.B. v. Pacific Greyhound Lines, 303 U.S. 272, 1938.

8 304 U.S. 405, 1938.

9 4 Wheaton 316, 1819.

10 Weston v. City of Charleston, 2 Peters 449, 1829; Dobbins v. Erie County, 16 Peters 435, 1842.

11 11 Wallace 113, 1871.

12 199 U.S. 437, 1905.

13 Ohio v. Helvering, 292 U.S. 360, 1934 (see this Review, Vol. 29, p. 36); Helvering v. Powers, 293 U.S. 214,1934 (see this Review, Vol. 30, p. 70).

14 269 U.S. 514, 1926. See this Review, Vol. 21, p. 74.

15 282 U.S. 216, 1931. See this Review, Vol. 26, p. 259.

16 Supra, note 14.

17 300 U.S. 352, 1937. See this Review, Vol. 32, p. 288.

18 Supra, note 11.

19 303 U.S. 376, 1938.

20 285 U.S. 393, 1932. See this Review, Vol. 27, p. 43.

21 257 U.S. 501, 1922.

22 304 U.S. 439, 1938.

23 303 U.S. 218, 1938.

24 302 U.S. 464, 1938.

25 262 U.S. 447, 1923.

26 302 U.S. 329, 1937.

27 294 U.S. 330, 1935. See this Review, Vol. 30, p. 67.

28 304 U.S. 27, 1938.

29 298 U.S. 513, 1936. See this Review, Vol. 31, p. 258.

30 302 U.S. 253, 1937.

31 304 U.S. 518, 1938.

32 Ex parte Albert LeVitt, 302 U.S. 633, 1937.

33 304 U.S. 64, 1938.

34 16 Peters 1, 1842.

35 Harvard Law Review, Vol. 37, p. 49Google Scholar.

36 215 U.S. 349, 1910.

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40 273 U.S. 12, 1927. See this Review, Vol. 22, p. 81.

41 108 U.S. 76, 1883.

42 206 U.S. 46, 1907.

43 302 U.S. 583, 1938.

44 279 U.S. 655, 1929. See this Review, Vol. 24, p. 67.

45 302 U.S. 379, 1937.

46 277 U.S. 438, 1928. See this Review, Vol. 23, p. 83.

47 303 U.S. 391, 1938.

48 298 U.S. 468, 1936. See this Review, Vol. 31, p. 267.

49 304 U.S. 1, 1938.

50 Morgan v. United States, 304 U.S. 23, 1938.

51 304 U.S. 486, 1938.

52 303 U.S. 41, 1938.

53 302 U.S. 34, 1937.

54 304 U.S. 401, 1938.

55 302 U.S. 277, 1937.

56 303 U.S. 573, 1938.

57 4 Peters, 514, 1830.

58 303 U.S. 613, 1938.

59 294 U.S. 587, 1935. See this Review, Vol. 30, p. 83.

60 303 U.S. 77, 1938.

61 300 U.S. 379, 1937. See this Review, Vol. 32, p. 298.

62 San Mateo County v. Southern Pae. R.R. Co., 116 U.S. 138, 1885.

63 302 U.S. 319, 1937.

64 Hurtado v. California, 110 U.S. 516, 1884.

65 Maxwell v. Dow, 176 U.S. 581, 1900.

66 Twining v. New Jersey, 211 U.S. 78, 1908.

67 Near v. Minnesota, 283 U.S. 697, 1931. See this Review, Vol. 26, p. 270.

68 Grosjean v. American Press Co., 297 U.S. 233, 1936. See this Review, Vol. 31, p. 271.

69 Hamilton v. University of California, 293 U.S. 245, 1934. See this Review, Vol. 30, p. 79.

70 De Jonge v. Oregon, 299 U. S. 353, 1937. See this Review, Vol. 32, p. 303.

71 Powell v. Alabama, 287 U.S. 45, 1932. See this Review, Vol. 28, p. 57.

72 303 U.S. 444, 1938.

73 303 U.S. 123, 1938.

74 302 U.S. 74, 1937.

75 303 U.S. 95, 1938.

76 302 U.S. 95. 1937.

77 304 U.S. 61, 1938.

78 302 U.S. 1, 1937.

79 12 Howard 299, 1852.

80 303 U.S. 177, 1938.

81 304 U.S. 307, 1938.

82 303 U.S. 604, 1938.

83 303 U.S. 250, 1938.

84 302 U.S. 90, 1937.

85 302 U.S. 22, 1937.

86 Supra, p. 237.

87 302 U.S. 134, 1937.

88 303 U.S. 20, 1938.

89 269 U.S. 514, 1926.

90 302 U.S. 186, 1937.

91 Supra, note 85.

92 304 U.S. 92, 1938.

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