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Directionality of Wrought Light Alloy Materials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2016

I. L. G. Baillie
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Extract

The principal materials employed in modern aircraft structures are aluminium-rich alloys which the aircraft manufacturer will normally buy in the semi-finished (cast or wrought) state. Wrought materials fall into the four main classes of tubes, sheets, extrusions, and forgings; eacri of these forms inherently exhibits distinctive mechanical strength characteristics. In this paper the relation of the mechanical properties of medium and high strength wrought light alloy materials to the grain direction, and the implications of this relation in aircraft design, will be discussed.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Aeronautical Journal , Volume 54 , Issue 469 , January 1950 , pp. 11 - 18
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 1950

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References

Prize-winning paper submitted for the Bristol Branch Junior Members’ Papers Competition, 1949.

Note on page 11 * Tests on rolled plates (about 1¼ in. thick) have demonstrated that the relationship between longitudinal and transverse properties is similar to that in the sheets; in the vertical direction (i.e. through the plates) stresses appeared to be almost as high as in the other directions, but ultimate elongations down to 1½% have been recorded.

Note on page 14 * Direct evidence since this paper was first written has shown this suggestion to be reasonably correct for stresses. From the outside to the centre of a large bar, however, the ratio of transverse to longitudinal ultimate elongation values decreased markedly; also, circumferentially transverse properties were more satisfactory than radially tranverse properties, near the bar surface (which suggests a reason for the good service record of pressure-resistant components extracted near the bar surface).

Note on page 18 * Subsequent to the writing of this paper, A.D.M.622 has been revised, and for this and other reasons the system has been extended to include:

  • (a) Cut-up tension and/or ad hoc tests on all light alloy Class I forgings.

  • (b) Re-heat treatment after part machining of certain large components to improve strength properties (i.e. counteract “mass effect”), reduce machining distortion, and relieve locked-up stresses.