Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-wg55d Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-30T10:42:52.815Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The boundary layer on a flat plate in hypervelocity flow

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 July 2016

S. G. Mallinson ,
S. L. Gai  and
N. R. Mudford
S. G. Mallinson
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity College, University of New South Wales, Australia
S. L. Gai
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity College, University of New South Wales, Australia
N. R. Mudford
Affiliation:
Department of Aerospace and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity College, University of New South Wales, Australia
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The high enthalpy and high Mach number effects on flat plate boundary layer flow are examined. In particular, the behaviour of the density profile under high enthalpy, real gas conditions is considered. Mach-Zehnder interferograms of the flow over a flat plate are analysed using a two-dimensional Fourier transform procedure in order to obtain the density field. The comparison between theory and experiment is only fair. It must be pointed out, however, that the real gas effects on the density profiles were found to be small. Estimation of the velocity boundary layer thickness as obtained from a measurement of the thermal boundary layer thickness is seen to compare well with a theoretical prediction.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Aeronautical Journal , Volume 100 , Issue 994 , April 1996 , pp. 135 - 141
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Aeronautical Society 1996 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Anderson, J.D. JR Hypersonic and High Temperature Gas Dynamics, McGraw-Hill Singapore, 1989.Google Scholar
2. Kuo, Y.H. Dissociation effects in hypersonic viscous flows, J Aeronaut Sci, 1957, 24, pp 345–350.Google Scholar
3. Rae, W.J. A solution for the nonequilibrium flat-plate boundary layer, AIAA J, 1963, 1, pp 2279–2288.Google Scholar
4. Blottner, F.G. Chemical nonequilibrium boundary layer, AIAA J, 1964, 2, pp 232–240.Google Scholar
5. Pallone, A.J., Moore, J.A. and Erdos, J.I. Nonequilibrium, non- similar solutions of the laminar boundary-layer equations, AIAA J, 1964, 2, pp 1706–1713.Google Scholar
6. Fay, J.F. and Kaye, H. A finite-difference solution of similar non- equilibrium boundary layers, AIAA J, 1967, 5, pp 1949–1954.Google Scholar
7. Perrel, F. Simulation Numerique d'Écoulements Hypersoniques Visqueux en Déséquilibre Chimique. PhD Thesis, ENSAE, France; CERFACS Report Ref TH/RF/91/5, 1991.Google Scholar
8. Simmons, J.M. Measurement techniques in high enthalpy hypersonic facilities. In: (Kelleher, M.D. et al(eds)) Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics 1993, Elseiver Science, 1993.Google Scholar
9. Baird, J.P., Lyons, P.R.A. and Gai, S.L. Measurements of density and velocity profiles in non-equilibrium laminar hypersonic boundary layers in air. In: (Archer, R.D. and Milton, B.E. (eds)) Shock Tubes and Waves, Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Sym posium on Shock Tubes and Shock Waves, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, 1983.Google Scholar
10. Baird, J.P., Lyons, P.R.A. and Gai, S.L. Density and velocity pro files in non-equilibrium laminar boundary layers in air. AIAA paper 85-0976, 1985.Google Scholar
11. Smith, A.M.O. and Jaffe, N.A. General method for solving the laminar nonequilibrium boundary-layer equations of a dissociating gas, AIAA J, 1966, 4, pp 611–620.Google Scholar
12. Dorrance, W.H. Viscous Hypersonic Flow, McGraw-Hill New York, 1962.Google Scholar
13. Gai, S.L., Reynolds, NT., Ross, C. and Baird, J.P. Measurements of heat transfer in separated high-enthalpy dissociated laminar hypersonic flow behind a step, J Fluid Mech, 1989, 199, pp 541–561.Google Scholar
14. White, F.M. Viscous Fluid Flow, McGraw-Hill, 1974.Google Scholar
15. Bone, D.J., Bachor, H.-A. and Sandeman, R.J. Fringe-pattern analysis using a 2-D Fourier transform, Appl Optics, 1986, 25, pp 1653-166.Google Scholar
16. Bone, D.J. A Users Guide to FRANSYS — A Fringe Analysis System from Australian National University. Internal Report, Department of Physics and Theoretical Physics, Faculties, Australian National University, 1991.Google Scholar
17. Stalker, R.J. Development of a hypervelocity wind tunnel, Aeronaut J, 1972, 76, pp 374–384.Google Scholar
18. Crane, K.C.A. and Stalker, R.J. Mass-spectrometric analysis of hypersonic flows, J Phys D: Appl Phys, 1977, 10, pp 679–695.Google Scholar
19. East, R.A., Stalker, R.J. and Baird, J.P. Measurements of heat transfer to a flat plate in a dissociated high-enthalpy laminar air flow, J Fluid Mech, 1980, 97, pp 673–699.Google Scholar
20. McIntosh, M.K. Computer Program for the Numerical Calculation of Frozen and Equilibrium Conditions in Shock Tunnels. Internal Report, Department of Physics, Faculties, Australian National University, 1968.Google Scholar
21. Lordi, J.A., Mates, R.E. and Moselle, J.R. Computer program for the numerical solution of nonequilibrium expansions of reacting gas mixtures, NACA CR-472, 1966.Google Scholar
22. Rein, M. Surf: a program for calculating inviscid supersonic reacting flows in nozzles, GALCIT Tech Note FM 89-1, 1989.Google Scholar
23. Gai, S.L. and Joe, W.S. Laminar heat transfer to blunt cones in high-enthalpy hypervelocity flows, J Thermophysics, 1992, 6, pp 433–438.Google Scholar
24. Hirschfelder, J.O., Curtiss, C.F. and Bird, R.B. Molecular Theory of Gases and Liquids, Wiley & Sons New York, 1967.Google Scholar
25. Hansen, C.F. Approximations for the thermodynamic and transport properties of high-temperature air, NASA Tech Rept R-50, 1959.Google Scholar
26. Mallinson, S.G. Shock wave-boundary layer interaction at a compression corner in hypervelocity flow. PhD Thesis, University College (UNSW), 1994.Google Scholar
27. Liepmann, H.W. and Roshko, A. Elements of Gasdynamics, Wiley & Sons New York, 1957.Google Scholar
28. Merzkirch, W. Flow Visualisation, Academic Press, 1987.Google Scholar
29. Alpher, R.A. and White, D.R. Optical refractivity of high-temperature gases. I. Effects resulting from dissociation of diatomic gases, Phys Fluids, 1959, 2, pp 153–161.Google Scholar
30. Stewartson, K. The Theory of Laminar Boundary Layers in Compressible Fluids, Oxford University Press, 1964.Google Scholar
31. Cohen, C.G. and Reshotko, E. Similar Solutions for the Compressible Laminar Boundary Layer with Heat Transfer and Pressure Gradient, NACA Rept 1293, 1956.Google Scholar
32. Park, C. Review of chemical-kinetic problems of future NASA missions, I: Earth entries, J Thermophysics, 1993, 7, pp 385–398.Google Scholar
33. Vincenti, W.G. and Kruger, C.H. Introduction to Physical Gasdy namics, Wiley & Sons, 1965.Google Scholar
34. Kewley, D.J. Vibrational and Chemical Relaxation Rates of Diatomic Gases, PhD Thesis, Australian National University, 1975.Google Scholar
35. Van Driest, E.R. Investigation of laminar boundary layer in compressible fluids using the Crocco method, NACA TN 2579, 1952.Google Scholar