This chapter identifies some emerging good practices in youth crime prevention through sports. This is based on both a review of the relevant research and also discussions and interviews with coaches and leaders of sport-based crime prevention programmes in British Columbia. Based on these interviews, the findings of recent research and the conclusions of the UN Expert Group meeting referred to earlier (United Nations, 2020), a consensus is emerging around programme practices and characteristics that are most likely to yield substantial positive youth development (PYD) outcomes and encourage the development of valuable social, human, and psychological capital for participants. Until rigorous programme evaluations can provide more specific programme development guidance, the goal should be to maximize the value and potential impact of crime prevention interventions through sports.

Notwithstanding the fact that the crime prevention outcomes associated with these programmes have yet to be more conclusively demonstrated, it would be wise to let the development of sport-based crime prevention programmes be guided by several evidence-based principles. First among them is the idea that the programme's rationale or logical framework should be clearly specified and related tightly to crime prevention goals. The programme should also: be context specific, culturally relevant, gender responsive and responsive to the specific needs of the targeted group; rely on effective and non-discriminatory recruitment strategies; remain mindful of the need to ensure a safe environment; and avoid further stigmatizing vulnerable or marginalized youth. Other principles concerning effective programme delivery should be considered, including engaging parents and family members, and strengthening the role of positive peer influence as well as the role of facilitators and coaches. Each of these principles are reviewed briefly in this chapter.

Well-articulated crime prevention objectives and programme rationale

The specific crime prevention objectives of a sport-based programme must be explicit and articulated based on a clear and credible theory of change. The programme rationale or logical framework should specify what in the chosen sports activities and accompanying interventions can be logically expected to lead to crime prevention outcomes.

The programme should be grounded in a strength-based approach aimed at enhancing protective factors and mitigating risk factors.