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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 26 February 2020
This chapter focuses on Western democracies and those former-Soviet Christian-majority democracies that do not have Orthodox Christian majorities. As this is a somewhat awkward label for a group of states, I refer to them in this chapter as European and Western non-Orthodox Christian-majority democracies (EWNOCMD). For operational purposes I define democracy here as any state that scores 8 or higher on the Polity index which measures countries on a scale of –10 (most autocratic) to 10 (most democratic) (The Polity Project, 2018). I include countries with no polity score if the Freedom House democracy index determined them to be “free” (Abramowitz, 2018).
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