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77 - The Natufian Culture

The Harbinger of Food-Producing Societies

from Part VI: - Humans in the Levant

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 May 2017

By
Leore Grosman  and
Natalie D. Munro
Edited by
Yehouda Enzel  and
Ofer Bar-Yosef
Yehouda Enzel
Affiliation:
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Ofer Bar-Yosef
Affiliation:
Harvard University, Massachusetts
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Summary

The Natufian culture (15,000-11,500 cal. BP) is recognized as the harbinger of food-producing cultures in the southern Levant. It’s importance lies both in the significant cultural changes that emerge as human settlements became more permanent, and in setting the stage for the fundamental transformation to agriculturally based societies. The Natufian culture is characterized by remarkable changes in subsistence, settlement, technology, social structure and ritual practice central to the transformation from Epipaleolithic hunter-gatherer to Neolithic agricultural communities. It is an Epipalaeolithic industry for which the lunate, the most abundant geometric flint microlith serves as an important chronological marker. Yet, the most important lithic tool introduced by the Natufians is the sickle blade, a hallmark of the Natufian culture used for harvesting plant foods, namely cereals. Despite the sporadic appearance of invested architecture, elaborate burial customs and artistic expression during the Geometric Kebaran period, the Natufian constitutes cultural change on a much larger scale, as evidenced by the routine recovery of these features in numerous sites.
Type
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Information
Quaternary of the Levant
Environments, Climate Change, and Humans
 , pp. 699 - 708
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2017

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