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6 - Fluoroscopy and mammography

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2011

Shahzad Ilyas ,
Tomasz Matys ,
Nasim Sheikh-Bahaei ,
Adam K. Yamamoto  and
Martin J. Graves
By
N. Sheikh-Bahaei
Shahzad Ilyas
Affiliation:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
Tomasz Matys
Affiliation:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
Nasim Sheikh-Bahaei
Affiliation:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
Adam K. Yamamoto
Affiliation:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
Martin J. Graves
Affiliation:
Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
N. Sheikh-Bahaei
Affiliation:
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
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Summary

  1. Regarding the intensifier in fluoroscopy:

  1. The chamber could be made of metal, e.g. aluminium, or of glass or ceramic

  2. It is filled with ionized gas

  3. There is a thin lead foil shielding the inner side of the chamber to prevent light from reaching the tube

  4. The anode is made of aluminium

  5. In fluoroscopy, γ is higher than in film-screen radiography

  1. Regarding the input screen in fluoroscopy:

  1. Each absorbed X-ray photon gives rise to nearly 3000 light photons in the blue part of the spectrum

  2. The input phosphor is antimony caesium (SbCs3)

  3. The input window is usually made of aluminium or titanium

  4. The phosphor thickness is 1–4 mm

  5. Only 60% of the incoming X-rays will be detected by the input phosphor

  1. Regarding the output screen in the fluoroscopy:

  1. The output phosphor is silver-activated zinc cadmium sulphide (ZnCdS:Ag)

  2. The output phosphor emits green light

  3. The size of the output screen depends on the application

  4. The output phosphor is thicker than the input phosphor

  5. To reduce scatter in the output window, very thick glass can be used

  1. Regarding image intensifiers in fluoroscopy:

  1. The diameter of the input screen is usually twice the diameter of the output screen

  2. The intensity of light produced in the input phosphor and the number of electrons produced by the photocathode are directly proportional to the intensity of the X-ray

  3. […]

Type
Chapter
Information
Physics MCQs for the Part 1 FRCR , pp. 70 - 84
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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