Select BibliographyMaterials Relating to Chapter 4: The FBI and the Davidians at Waco in 1993Activities of Federal Law Enforcement Agencies toward the Branch Davidians, Joint Hearings before the Subcommittee on Crime of the Committee on the Judiciary and the Subcommittee on National Security, International Affairs, and Criminal Justice of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, U. S. House of Representatives, 104th Congress, 1st session, Serial No. 72, July and August 1995.
Bailey, Brad and Darden, Bob, Mad Man in Waco, 1993.
Boyer, Peter J., The Children of Waco, New Yorker, May 15, 1995.
Committee on the Judiciary, in conjunction with the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, U. S. House of Representatives, Materials Relating to the Investigation into the Activities of Federal Law Enforcement Agencies toward the Branch Davidians, 104th Congress, 2nd session, Serial No. 12, August 1996.
Danforth, John C., Final Report to the Deputy Attorney General Concerning the 1993 Confrontation at the Mt. Carmel Complex, Waco Texas, November 8, 2000 (and Interim Report, July 21, 2000).
Dennis, Jr Edward S. G.., U. S. Department of Justice, Evaluation of the Handling of the Branch Davidian Stand-Off in Waco, Texas, February 28 to April 19, 1993, redacted version, October 8, 1993.
Heymann, Philip B., Lessons of Waco: Proposed Changes in Federal Law Enforcement, October 8, 1993.
Kelley, Dean M., Waco: A Massacre and Its Aftermath, First Things, May 1995, p. 22.
Labaton, Stephen and Verhovek, Sam Howe, Missteps in Waco: A Raid Re-Examined, New York Times, March 28, 1993, p. A1.
Lewis, James R. (ed.), From the Ashes: Making Sense of Waco, 1994.
Linedecker, Clifford L., Massacre at Waco, Texas, 1993.
Lynch, Timothy, No Confidence: An Unofficial Account of the Waco Incident, Cato Institute Policy Analysis No. 395, April 9, 2001.
PBS Frontline, “Waco: The Inside Story,” 2002, www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/waco/view.
Reavis, Dick J., The Ashes of Waco: An Investigation, 1995.
Report of the Department of the Treasury on the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms Investigation of Vernon Wayne Howell, also known as David Koresh, September 1993.
U. S. Department of Justice, Recommendations of Experts for Improvements in Federal Law Enforcement after Waco, 1993.
U. S. Department of Justice, Report to the Deputy Attorney General on the Events at Waco, Texas, February 28 to April 19, 1993, redacted version, October 8, 1993.
Materials Relating to Chapter 5: The United Nations and the Rwandan Genocide in 1994Howard Adelman and Astri Suhrke (eds.), The Path of a Genocide: The Rwanda Crisis from Uganda to Zaire, 1999.
Bonner, Raymond, How Minority Tutsi Won the War, New York Times, September 6, 1994, p. A6.
Bonner, Raymond, Nyakizu Journal: And the Church Refuge Became a Killing Field, New York Times, November 17, 1994, p. A4.
Bonner, Raymond, Rebels in Rwanda Call a Cease-Fire: Exodus Continues, New York Times, July 19, 1994, p. A1.
Carlsson, Ingvar, Han Sung-Joo, and Rufus M. Kupolati, United Nations, Report of the Independent Inquiry into the Actions of the United Nations during the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda, S/1999/1257, December 15, 1999.
Cohen, Herman, Getting Rwanda Wrong, Washington Post, June 3, 1994, p. A23.
Forges, Alison Des, Leave None to Tell the Story: Genocide in Rwanda, Human Rights Watch, 1999.
Feil, Scott R., Preventing Genocide: How the Early Use of Force Might Have Succeeded in Rwanda, Report to the Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, April 1998.
Gourevitch, Philip, We Wish to Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed with Our Families: Stories from Rwanda, 1998.
Jones, Adam, Case Study: Genocide in Rwanda, 1994, Gendercide Watch, 2002.
Kirschke, Linda, Broadcasting Genocide: Censorship, Propaganda, and State-Sponsored Violence in Rwanda, 1990–1994, published by Article 19, October 1996.
Kuperman, Alan J., The Limits of Humanitarian Intervention: Genocide in Rwanda, 2001.
Lewis, Paul, Rebels in Rwanda Said to Slay 3 Bishops and 10 Other Clerics, New York Times, June 10, 1994, p. A1.
Lewis, Paul, Vatican Asks U. N. for “Safe Area” in Rwanda, New York Times, June 1, 1994, p. A11.
Lorch, Donatella, The Massacres in Rwanda: Hope Is Also a Victim, New York Times, April 21, 1994, p. A3.
Lorch, Donatella, U. N. in Rwanda Says It Is Powerless to Halt the Violence, New York Times, April 15, 1994, p. A3.
Parmelee, Jennifer, Americans Are Out of Rwanda: Rebel Army Advances on Bloodied Capital, Washington Post, April 11, 1994, p. A1.
Parmelee, Jennifer, Fears Mounting for Rwandans: Aid Agencies Say Pullout of U. N. Peacekeepers Endangers Refugees, Washington Post, April 23, 1994, p. A14.
PBS Frontline, The Triumph of Evil: 100 Days of Slaughter: A Chronology of U. S./U. N. Actions, 1999.
Pear, Robert, U. S. Envoy in Rwanda Decides on Overland Convoy to Evacuate Americans, New York Times, April 10, 1994, p. A6.
Preston, Julia, 250,000 Flee Rwanda for Tanzania: Ethnic Warfare May Have Killed 200,000, U. N. Says, Washington Post, April 30, 1994, p. A1.
Preston, Julia, U. N. Votes to Dispatch More Troops to Rwanda: Weapons Embargo Imposed on Both Sides, Washington Post, May 17, 1994, p. A12.
Prunier, Gerard, The Rwanda Crisis, 1995.
Randal, Jonathan C., French Troops Race to Rescue of Tutsis: 1st Effort to Protect Rwandan Civilians, Washington Post, July 1, 1994, p. A27.
Randal, Jonathan C., Hutu Leaders Hanging on in Rwanda: Officials Reject Blame for Slaughter, Washington Post, July 8, 1994, p. A1.
Randal, Jonathan C., Rebels Take Chief Cities in Rwanda: French Forces Declare Protection Zones after Capital, Butare Fall, Washington Post, July 5, 1994, p. A1.
Randal, Jonathan C., Saved by French Troops, Rwandans Thank God: Tutsis Celebrate Mass under Guard, Washington Post, June 27, 1994, p. A1.
Richburg, Keith B., Rebel Victory Called Path to Ending Rwandan Slaughter, Washington Post, May 29, 1994, p. A48.
Richburg, Keith B., Trauma of Rwanda Helps Keep Burundi's Machetes Sheathed, Washington Post, June 10, 1994, p. A22.
Richburg, Keith B., U. N. General Sees No End in Rwanda: Canadian Predicts Continued “Horror Show” of More Massacres, Washington Post, June 11, 1994, p. A18.
Richburg, Keith B., Washington Begins to Act as Displaced Rwandans Wait, Washington Post, May 3, 1994, p. A14.
Richburg, Keith B., The World Ignored Genocide, Tutsis Say: As Rwanda Massacre Figure Grows, Slow Response Puzzles, Embitters Survivors, Washington Post, August 8, 1994, p. A1.
Scherrer, Christian P., Genocide and Crisis in Central Africa: Conflict Roots, Mass Violence, and Regional War, 2002.
Schmidt, William E., Troops Rampage in Rwanda: Dead Said to Include Premier, New York Times, April 8, 1994, p. A1.
Simons, Marlise, French Troops Enter Rwanda in Aid Mission, New York Times, June 24, 1994, p. A1.
United Nations, The United Nations and Rwanda 1993–1996, Blue Book Series Volume X, 1996.
Zarembo, Alan, Judgment Day, 294 Harper's Magazine No. 1763, April 1997, p. 68.
Materials Relating to Chapter 6: The Peruvians and Tupac Amaru in Lima in 1996–1997Julissa Castellanos, ICE Case Studies: Tupac Amarau Uprising and the Environment, Case Number 23, June 1997.
Escobar, Gabriel, Fujimori: Hostage Talks Limited but Asylum Possible, Washington Post, January 11, 1997, p. A1.
Escobar, Gabriel, In Lima, the News Is Made by Overeager Reporters, Washington Post, January 9, 1997, p. A27.
Escobar, Gabriel, Peru Buries Its 3 Fallen as Heros, Washington Post, April 25, 1997, p. A29.
Escobar, Gabriel, Peru Raid Used Tunnels, Bugs: Commandos Waited Underground 3 Days to Launch Rescue, Washington Post, April 24, 1997, p. A1.
Escobar, Gabriel, Peru's Hostage Gamble: The Drama and the Danger; A Network of Whispers on Residence's 2nd Floor, Washington Post, April 27, 1997, p. A1.
Escobar, Gabriel, Peru's Leader Rejects Captors' Key Demand, Washington Post, December 20, 1996, p. A1.
Gabriel, Escobar, Peru's Rulers Await “Real Negotiations”: Signs Point to Standoff Following Massive yet Selective Release, Washington Post, December 24, 1996, p. A7.
Escobar, Gabriel, Peruvian Guerrillas Hold Hundreds Hostage: Ambassadors among Those Detained, Washington Post, December 19, 1996, p. A1.
Escobar, Gabriel, Peruvian Hostage Crisis Complicates American's Case, Washington Post, January 12, 1997, p. A23.
Escobar, Gabriel, Rebels Classified Hostages by “Value”: Freed Peruvian Describes Guerrillas' Methods, Demands, Washington Post, December 22, 1996, p. A1.
Escobar, Gabriel, Red Cross Visits to Jailed Rebels Cut by Peru, Washington Post, December 27, 1996, p. A29.
Escobar, Gabriel, Scenarios for Freeing Hostages Omit Emptying of Peru's Jails, Washington Post, January 26, 1997, p. A25.
Farah, Douglas, Peru's Hostage Gamble: The Drama and the Danger; Elite Unit Spent Months Preparing Perfect Assault, Washington Post, April 27, 1997, p. A1.
Hammond, Tori, In the Spotlight: Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement (MRTA), Center for Defense Information, November 18, 2003.
Hillmore, Peter, Special Report: Over? It Is Now, Guardian (London), April 27, 1997, p. 3.
Powers, Mary, Hostages Freed in Peru: Rebels Die in Army Raid, Washington Post, April 23, 1997, p. A1.
Schemo, Diana Jean, Pact for Peru Hostage Crisis Is Said to Be on the Table, New York Times, March 22, 1997, p. A3.
Schemo, Diana Jean, Peru Guerrillas and Hostages Face the Press, New York Times, January 1, 1997, p. A1.
Schemo, Diana Jean, Talks Resume between Peru and Guerrillas, New York Times, January 12, 1997, p. A1.
Schneider, Howard and Constable, Pamela, Peru's Leader Vows to Avoid Using Force to Rescue Hostages, Washington Post, February 2, 1997, p. A1.
Shenon, Philip, In Peru, A Brilliant Rescue Shines No Light on Terror, New York Times, April 27, 1997, sec. 4, p. 3.
Shenon, Philip, Rescue in Peru: Strategies; Raid Stuck to the Rules, with a Few Twists, New York Times, April 24, 1997, p. A13.
Sims, Calvin, Lima Journal: 80,000 Uneasy People, All Prisoners of Peru Crisis, New York Times, January 9, 1997, p. A4.
Sims, Calvin, Peru Officials Admit to Plan for Commando Raid on Embassy, New York Times, February 17, 1997, p. A3.
Sims, Calvin, Siege in Peru: Security: Peru Shrugged Off Warnings of Rebel Attack, Experts Say, New York Times, December 20, 1996, p. A1.
Stead, Geoff, Glory and the Freedom Raiders, Daily Telegraph (Sydney, Australia), April 26, 1997, p. 32.
Special Operations.Com, Japanese Ambassador's Residence, Lima Peru, 1997.
Special Operations.Com, Peru's Special Forces, Operation Chavin de Huantar, 1997.
Materials Relating to Chapter 7: The Russians and the Chechens in Moscow in 2002Brandt Ahrens, Note, Chechnya and the Right of Self-Determination, 42 Columbia Journal of Transnational Law 575, 2004.
Altman, Lawrence K., The Doctor's World: Moscow Toll Revives Concerns over Chemical Attacks, New York Times, November 5, 2002, p. F5.
Baker, Peter, 50 Militants, 90 Hostages Dead after Moscow Siege, Gas Used to Subdue Chechens: Fate of Americans Unknown, Washington Post, October 27, 2002, p. A1.
Baker, Peter, For Putin, A Little War That Won't End, Washington Post, October 26, 2002, p. A23.
Baker, Peter and Glasser, Susan B., Putin Takes Hard Line on Terror, Stays Silent on Use of Deadly Gas, Washington Post, October 29, 2002, p. A11.
Baker, Peterand Glasser, Susan B., Rebels Hold Hundreds Hostage in Moscow, Chechen Gunmen Take over Theater, Washington Post, October 24, 2002, p. A1.
Baker, Peterand Glasser, Susan B., U. S. Ambassador Critical of Russia in Hostage Crisis: Gas Secrecy May Have Cost Lives, He Says, Washington Post, October 30, 2002, p. A14.
BBC News, Gas “Killed Moscow Hostages,” October 27, 2002.
BBC News, The Moscow Theatre Siege, Transcript, January 15, 2004.
BBC News, Q&A: The Chechen Conflict, October 29, 2002.
Broad, William J., The World: Oh, What a Lovely War. If No One Dies, New York Times, November 3, 2002, sec. 4, p. 3.
Brown, David and Baker, Peter, Moscow Gas Likely a Potent Narcotic: Drug Normally Used to Subdue Big Game, Washington Post, November 9, 2002, p. A12.
Caryl, Christian, Death in Moscow: The Aftermath, 49 New York Review of Books No. 20, December 19, 2002, p. 58.
Chazan, David, BBC News, Chechen Rebel Divisions, October 26, 2002.
Gall, Carlotta and Waal, Thomas, Chechnya: Calamity in the Caucasus, 1998.
Glasser, Susan B., Rescue Ended Days of Horror and Uncertainty, Washington Post, October 27, 2002, p. A1.
Glasser, Susan B., Russian Crisis Brings War Home, Washington Post, November 3, 2002, p. A1.
Glasser, Susan B.and Baker, Peter, Chechen Rebels Issue Threat: Officials Say Guerrillas Set to Release Foreigners, Washington Post, October 25, 2002, p. A1.
Glasser, Susan B.and Baker, Peter, Gas in Raid Killed 115 Hostages: Only 2 Slain by Rebels; More than 600 Remain Hospitalized in Moscow, Washington Post, October 28, 2002, p. A1.
Glasser, Susan B.and Baker, Peter, Russia Seizes Theater from Militants in Bloody Battle: Troops Kill Chechen Leader; Some Captives Dead, Wounded, Washington Post, October 26, 2002, p. A1.
Glasser, Susan B.and Baker, Peter, Russia Seizes Theater from Rebels: Troops Kill Chechen Leader in Bloody Battle; Some Hostages Reported Dead, Washington Post, October 27, 2002, p. A1.
Gugliotta, Guy, U. S. Finds Hurdles in Search for Nonlethal Gas, Washington Post, November 1, 2002, p. A30.
LaFraniere, Sharon, Setback Seen for Rebel Cause: Theater Takeover Is Predicted to Prolong War in Chechnya, Washington Post, October 28, 2002, p. A1.
Miller, Judith and Broad, William J., Hostage Drama in Moscow: The Toxic Agent; U. S. Suspects Opiate in Gas in Russia Raid, New York Times, October 29, 2002, p. A1.
Monterey Institute of International Studies, Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Program, The Moscow Theater Hostage Crisis: Incapacitants and Chemical Warfare, November 4, 2002.
Moscow Hostage Crisis: Criticism Mounts with Death Toll, Center for Defense Information Russia Weekly No. 229, October 30, 2002.
Myers, Steven Lee, Hostage Drama in Moscow: Russia Responds; Putin Vows Hunt for Terror Cells around the World, New York Times, October 29, 2002, p. A1.
Myers, Steven Lee, Hostage Drama in Moscow: The Toxic Agent; Official Silence on Gas Raises Vexing Questions, New York Times, October 28, 2002, p. A10.
Myers, Steven Lee, Sabrina Tavernise, and Michael Wines, The Aftermath in Moscow: The Chronology; From Anxiety, Fear and Hope, the Deadly Rescue in Moscow, New York Times, November 1, 2002, p. A1.
Oliker, Olga, Russia's Chechen Wars 1994–2000: Lessons from Urban Combat, 2001.
Ruppe, David, CWC: Experts Differ on Whether Russian Hostage Rescue Violated Treaty, Global Security Newswire, October 30, 2002.
Schmemann, Serge, The Chechens' Holy War: How Global Is It?New York Times, October 27, 2002, sec. 4, p. 3.
Thomas, Timothy L., The Battle of Grozny: Deadly Classroom for Urban Combat, Parameters, summer 1999, p. 87.
Trenin, Dmitri V., The Forgotten War: Chechnya and Russia's Future, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Policy Brief 28, November 2003.
Trenin, Dmitri V. and Malashenko, Aleksei V. with Lieven, Anatol, Russia's Restless Frontier: The Chechnya Factor in Post-Soviet Russia, 2004.
U. S. Department of State, Chechen Terrorist Organizations: Statement of the Case, February 28, 2003.
Damme, Bob, Moscow Theater Siege: A Deadly Gamble That Nearly Paid Off, 269 Pharmaceutical Journal 7224, November 16, 2002, p. 723.
Walsh, Nick Paton, Families Claim Death Toll from Gas in Moscow Siege Kept Secret, Guardian (London), October 18, 2003.
Wax, Paul, Becker, Charles E., and Curry, Steven C., Unexpected “Gas” Casualties in Moscow: A Medical Toxicology Perspective, 41 Annals of Emergency Medicine No. 5, May 2003, p. 700.
Wines, Michael, The Aftermath in Moscow: Post-Mortem in Moscow; Russia Names Drug in Raid, Defending Use, New York Times, October 31, 2002, p. A1.
Wines, Michael, Chechens Seize Moscow Theater, Taking as Many as 600 Hostages, New York Times, October 24, 2002, p. A1.
Wines, Michael, Hostage Drama in Moscow: The Aftermath; Hostage Toll in Russia over 100; Nearly All Deaths Linked to Gas, New York Times, October 28, 2002, p. A1.
Wines, Michael, Hostage Drama in Moscow: The Moscow Front; Chechens Kill Hostages in Siege at Russian Hall, New York Times, October 25, 2002, p. A1.
Wines, Michael, Hostage Drama in Moscow: The Raid; At Least 67 Captives and 50 Chechens Die in Siege, New York Times, October 27, 2002, sec. 1, p. 1.
Wines, Michael and Tavernise, Sabrina, Russia Recaptures Theater after Chechen Rebel Group Begins to Execute Hostages, New York Times, October 26, 2002, p. A1.
Materials Relating to Chapter 8: The British and the Iraqis in Basra in 2003.John M. Broder with Eric Schmitt, A Nation at War: The Plan; U. S. Attacks on Holdouts Dealt Iraqis Final Blow, New York Times, April 13, 2003, p. B1.
Burkeman, Oliver, War in the Gulf: Basra: Battle for City Leads to “Massacre of Children” Claim: Allies Silent on Claim of Dozens Killed by Bombing, Guardian (London), March 24, 2003, p. 4.
Chandrasekaran, Rajiv and Baker, Peter, Troops Advance Halfway to Baghdad: Others Close in on Second-Largest City, Washington Post, March 23, 2003, p. A1.
Dao, James, A Nation at War: Basra; Allied Air and Ground Units Try to Weaken Baath Party's Grip, New York Times, March 30, 2003, p. B6.
Filkins, Dexter, A Nation at War: Southern Front; Eyes on Capital, U. S. Troops Flow Past the South, New York Times, March 24, 2003, p. B1.
Glasser, Susan B., Scars Document Torture by Hussein Regime, Washington Post, April 19, 2003, p. A1.
Glasser, Susan B. and Leiby, Richard, British See Uprising by Civilians in Basra, Washington Post, March 26, 2003, p. A1.
Gordon, Michael R., A Nation at War: Military Analysis; Basra Offers a Lesson on Taking Baghdad, New York Times, April 7, 2003, p. B1.
Gordon, Michael R., A Nation at War: The Strategy; U. S. Shifting Focus of Land Campaign to Fight in South, New York Times, March 26, 2003, p. A1.
Mallet, Victor, Nicholson, Mark, and Odell, Mark, Attack on Basra Begins with Land and Sea Assault, Financial Times (London), March 21, 2003, p. 4.
Norton-Taylor, Richard and McCarthy, Rory, War in the Gulf: British Plan to Take Basra by Force: Commanders Consider Whether to Move into City to Take Advantage of Reported Uprising, Guardian (London), March 26, 2003, p. 4.
Perlez, Jane with Santora, Marc, A Nation at War: Aid Shipment, New York Times, March 29, 2003, p. B1.
Richburg, Keith B., Basra Defenders Burrow Into Residential Areas, Washington Post, March 24, 2003, p. A1.
Richburg, Keith B., British Forces Confronted by Guerrilla Tactics, Washington Post, March 25, 2003, p. A1.
Richburg, Keith B., British Forces Enter Basra as Residents Loot City, Washington Post, April 7, 2003, p. A1.
Richburg, Keith B., British Troops' Dual Role: Soldiers and Relief Workers; Near Basra, Forces Hand Out Food, Water as Fighting Continues, Washington Post, April 4, 2003, p. A29.
Richburg, Keith B., British Use Raids to Wear Down Iraqi Fighters, Washington Post, April 3, 2003, p. A25.
Richburg, Keith B., In Basra, Growing Resentment, Little Aid: Casualties Stoke Hostility over British Presence, Washington Post, April 9, 2003, p. A23.
Richburg, Keith B., In Pursuit of Answers, and Loot, in Basra, Washington Post, April 8, 2003, p. A1.
Richburg, Keith B., Lawlessness Spreads in Villages: As Bandits Rove, Allied Forces Are Blamed for Not Enforcing Order, Washington Post, March 29, 2003, p. A1.
Richburg, Keith B., Move on Basra Met by Strong Iraqi Resistance, Washington Post, March 23, 2003, p. A19.
Richburg, Keith B., People in Basra Contest Official View of Siege, Washington Post, April 15, 2003, p. A13.
Richburg, Keith B., Standoff at Basra Hints at Tough Time in Baghdad, Washington Post, March 30, 2003, p. A22.
Richburg, Keith B. and Glasser, Susan B., Iraqi Tanks Try to Break Out of Basra: British Troops Bombard City, Washington Post, March 27, 2003, p. A23.
Santora, Marc, A Nation at War: In the Field, Basra; British Soldiers' Long Battle for a Southern City's Trust Requires Bullets and Handshakes, New York Times, April 5, 2003, p. B3.
Santora, Marc, A Nation at War: In the Field, New Leaders; In Basra, There's Wariness about the Same Old Faces, New York Times, April 10, 2003, p. B1.
Santora, Marc and Smith, Craig S., A Nation at War: In the Field British Forces; Tension at Checkpoint, Fear Crossing Bridge, New York Times, March 31, 2003, p. A1.
Smith, Craig S., A Nation at War: In the Field, Basra; British Assault Captures Half of City in South, New York Times, April 7, 2003, p. A1.
Smith, Craig S., A Nation at War: Southern Iraq; Amid Ruins of Baath Party's Headquarters, a Town's Pervasive Sense of Fear Remains, New York Times, April 6, 2003, p. B10.
Smith, Craig S., A Nation at War: The South; Basra's Defenders Are Said to Be Desperate and Fearful, New York Times, April 4, 2003, p. B8.
Tyler, Patrick E., A Nation at War: The Attack; Airstrikes Continue as Allies Consider Timing of a Thrust, New York Times, March 29, 2003, p. A1.
Tyler, Patrick E., A Nation at War: The Attack; Allies outside Biggest Southern City, New York Times, March 23, 2003, p. A1.
Tyler, Patrick E., A Nation at War: The Attack; U. S. Bombs Ravage Targets in Baghdad; Waves of Troops Sweeping South Iraq, New York Times, March 22, 2003, p. A1.
Tyler, Patrick E., A Nation at War: The Attack, Taxi Suicide Blast Kills 4 Americans in New Iraq Tactic, New York Times, March 30, 2003, p. A1
Tyler, Patrick E. with Myers, Steven Lee, A Nation at War: Combat; Allies Strike in Baghdad and Press into Basra, New York Times, April 7, 2003, p. A1.
Wade, Nicholas and Schmitt, Eric, U. S. Use of Tear Gas Could Violate Treaty, Critics Say, New York Times, April 5, 2003, p. B13.
Other MaterialsMichael Avery, David Rudovsky and Karen M. Blum, Police Misconduct: Law and Litigation, 3rd ed., 2003.
Materials Relating Generally to Non-Lethal WeaponsEric Adams, Shoot to Not Kill, 262 Popular Science No. 5, May 2003, p. 88.
Aftergood, Steven, The Soft-Kill Fallacy, and Barbara Rosenberg, Nonlethal Weapons May Violate Treaties, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, September/October 1994, p. 40.
Alexander, John B., Antimateriel Technology, 69 Military Review No. 10, October 1989, p. 29.
John B. Alexander, Future War: Non-Lethal Weapons in 21st Century Warfare, 1999.
Alexander, John B., Nonlethal Weapons: When Deadly Force Is Not Enough, 33 The Futurist No. 8, October 1999, p. 34.
Alexander, John B., Optional Lethality: Evolving Attitudes toward Nonlethal Weaponry, 23 Harvard International Review No. 2, July 1, 2001.
Alexander, John B., An Overview of the Future of Non-Lethal Weapons, 17 Medicine, Conflict and Survival No. 3, July–September 2001, p. 175.
Alexander, John B. and Heal, Charles “Sid”, Non-Lethal and Hyper-Lethal Weaponry, 13 Small Wars and Insurgencies, summer 2002, p. 121.
Alexander, Lexi and Klare, Julia L., The Role of Non-Lethal Technologies in Operations Other than War, Institute for Defense Analyses, Alexandria, VA, IDA-D-1868, June 1996.
Altmann, Jürgen, Acoustic Weapons: A Prospective Assessment: Sources, Propagation and Effects of Strong Sound, Occasional Paper No. 22, Cornell University Peace Studies Program, 1999.
Altmann, Jürgen, Non-Lethal Weapons Technologies: The Case for Independent Scientific Analysis, 17 Medicine, Conflict and Survival No. 3, July–September 2001, p. 234.
American Civil Liberties Union of Southern California, Pepper Spray: A Magic Bullet under Scrutiny, fall 1993.
Amnesty International, Arming the Torturers: Electric Shock Torture and the Spread of Stun Technology, March 1997.
Amnesty International, United States of America: Excessive and Lethal Force? Amnesty International's Concerns about Deaths and Ill-Treatment Involving Police Use of Tasers, November 30, 2004.
Atkinson, Rick, Lean, Not-So-Mean Marines Set for Somalia, Washington Post, February 25, 1995, p. A22.
Anderberg, Bengt, Bring, Ove E., and Wolbarsht, Myron L., Blinding Laser Weapons and International Humanitarian Law, 29 Journal of Peace Research No. 3, August 1992, p. 287.
Berenson, Alex, As Police Use of Tasers Soars, Questions over Safety Emerge, New York Times, July 18, 2004, p. A1.
Berke, Elliot Stanton, The Chechnya Inquiry: Constitutional Commitment or Abandonment? 10 Emory International Law Review 879, 1996.
Bleetman, Anthony and Steyn, Richard, The Advanced Taser: A Medical Review, April 27, 2003.
British Columbia Police Commission, Recommendations of the Committee on the Use of Less than Lethal Force by Police Officers in British Columbia, July 1990.
Bunker, Robert J., Nonlethal Weapons: Terms and References, INSS Occasional Paper 15, USAF Institute for National Security Studies, December 1996.
Burrows, Colin, Operationalizing Non-Lethality: A Northern Ireland Perspective, 17 Medicine, Conflict and Survival No. 3, July–September 2001, p. 260.
Casagrande, E. E., Non-Lethal Weapons: Implications for the RAAF, Royal Australian Air Force Air Power Studies Centre, Fairbairn, Australia, Paper No. 38, November 1995.
Commission for the Protection of Human Life in Armed Conflict and Commission of History of Military Law, Non-Lethal Weapons and the Law of Armed Conflict, Report of a Seminar at Mannheim, October 1997, Military Law and the Law of War Review, 1998, p. 303.
Committee for an Assessment of Non-Lethal Weapons Science and Technology, Naval Studies Board, Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences, National Research Council, National Academies, An Assessment of Non-Lethal Weapons Science and Technology, 2003.
Cook, Joseph W., Fiely, David P., and McGowan, Maura T., Nonlethal Weapons: Technologies, Legalities, and Potential Policies, Airpower Journal, special edition, 1995.
Coppernoll, Margaret-Anne, The Nonlethal Weapons Debate, 52 Naval War College Review 112, spring 1998.
Council on Foreign Relations, Independent Task Force, Malcolm Wiener, chair, Non-Lethal Technologies: Military Options and Implications, 1995.
Council on Foreign Relations, Independent Task Force Report: Nonlethal Technologies: Progress and Prospects, Richard Garwin, chair, 1999.
Council on Foreign Relations, Nonlethal Weapons and Capabilities, Report of an Independent Task Force, Graham Allison and Paul X. Kelley, co-chairs, Richard L. Garwin, project director, 2004.
Coupland, Robin M., “Calmatives” and “Incapacitants”: Questions for International Humanitarian Law Brought by New Means and Methods of Warfare with New Effects? 19th Workshop of the Pugwash Study Group on the Implementation of the Chemical and Biological Weapons Conventions, April 26–7, 2003.
Coupland, Robin M. and Meddings, David, Mortality Associated with Use of Weapons in Armed Conflicts, Wartime Atrocities, and Civilian Mass Shootings: Literature Review, 319 British Medical Journal 407, August 14, 1999.
Cusac, Anne-Marie, The Trouble with Tasers, Progressive, April 2005, p. 22.
Dando, Malcolm R., The Danger to the Chemical Weapons Convention from Incapacitating Chemicals, Strengthening the Chemical Weapons Convention, First CWC Review Conference Paper No. 4, March 2003.
Dando, Malcolm, A New Form of Warfare: The Rise of Non-Lethal Weapons, 1996.
Malcolm Dando, Non-Lethal Weapons, in Brassey's Defence Yearbook 1996, ch. 22, p. 393.
Malcolm Dando (ed.), Non-Lethal Weapons: Technological and Operational Prospects, Jane's online special report, November 2000.
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