Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- Message from Kofi A. Annan, Secretary-General, United Nations
- Foreword by Charles Odidi Okidi and Nicholas Adams Robinson
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Challenges of Environmental Law – Environmental Issues and Their Implications to Jurisprudence
- ONE INTERNATIONAL ISSUES AND LEGAL RESPONSES TO SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT
- TWO NATIONAL APPROACHES TO LAND USE PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
- 6 Community Rights to Genetic Resources and Their Knowledge: African and Ethiopian Perspectives
- 7 Easements and Wildlife Conservation in Kenya
- 8 Land Tenure, Land Use, and Sustainability in Kenya: Toward Innovative Use of Property Rights in Wildlife Management
- 9 The Development of Environmental Law and Its Impact on Sustainable Use of Wetlands in Uganda
- 10 EIA and the Four Ps: Some Observations from South Africa
- 11 From Bureaucracy-Controlled to Stakeholder-Driven Urban Planning and Management: Experiences and Challenges of Environmental Planning and Management in Tanzania
- 12 Strategies for Integrated Environmental Governance in South Africa: Toward a More Sustainable Environmental Governance and Land Use Regime
- 13 Environmental Law and Sustainable Land Use in Nigeria
- 14 The Role of Administrative Dispute Resolution Institutions and Processes in Sustainable Land Use Management: The Case of the National Environment Tribunal and the Public Complaints Committee of Kenya
- 15 Managing the Environmental Impact of Refugees in Kenya: The Role of National Accountability and Environmental Law
- 16 Environmental Impact Assessment Law and Land Use: A Comparative Analysis of Recent Trends in the Nigerian and U.S. Oil and Gas Industry
- 17 Managing Land Use and Environmental Conflicts in Cameroon
- 18 Environmental Law Reform to Control Land Degradation in the People's Republic of China: A View of the Legal Framework of the PRC–GEF Partnership Program
- 19 Urbanization and Environmental Challenges in Pakistan
- 20 ASEAN Heritage Parks and Transboundary Biodiversity Conservation
- 21 Land Use Planning, Environmental Management, and the Garden City as an Urban Development Approach in Singapore
- 22 The Law and Preparation of Environmental Management Plans for Sustainable Development in Thailand
- 23 Nepal's Legal Initiatives on Land Use for Sustainable Development
- 24 Environmental Law and Irrigated Land in Australia
- 25 Environmental Impact Assessment: Addressing the Major Weaknesses
- 26 Protection of Natural Spaces in Brazilian Environmental Law
- 27 Land Use Planning in Mexico: As Framed by Social Development and Environmental Policies
- 28 Argentina's Constitution and General Environment Law as the Framework for Comprehensive Land Use Regulation
- 29 Ecological Economics, Sustainable Land Use, and Policy Choices
- 30 The 2004 U.S. Ocean Report and Its Implications for Land Use Reform to Improve Ocean Water Quality
- 31 Historical Overview of the American Land Use System: A Diagnostic Approach to Evaluating Governmental Land Use Control
- Index
11 - From Bureaucracy-Controlled to Stakeholder-Driven Urban Planning and Management: Experiences and Challenges of Environmental Planning and Management in Tanzania
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 17 August 2009
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- List of Contributors
- Message from Kofi A. Annan, Secretary-General, United Nations
- Foreword by Charles Odidi Okidi and Nicholas Adams Robinson
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Challenges of Environmental Law – Environmental Issues and Their Implications to Jurisprudence
- ONE INTERNATIONAL ISSUES AND LEGAL RESPONSES TO SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT
- TWO NATIONAL APPROACHES TO LAND USE PLANNING FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
- 6 Community Rights to Genetic Resources and Their Knowledge: African and Ethiopian Perspectives
- 7 Easements and Wildlife Conservation in Kenya
- 8 Land Tenure, Land Use, and Sustainability in Kenya: Toward Innovative Use of Property Rights in Wildlife Management
- 9 The Development of Environmental Law and Its Impact on Sustainable Use of Wetlands in Uganda
- 10 EIA and the Four Ps: Some Observations from South Africa
- 11 From Bureaucracy-Controlled to Stakeholder-Driven Urban Planning and Management: Experiences and Challenges of Environmental Planning and Management in Tanzania
- 12 Strategies for Integrated Environmental Governance in South Africa: Toward a More Sustainable Environmental Governance and Land Use Regime
- 13 Environmental Law and Sustainable Land Use in Nigeria
- 14 The Role of Administrative Dispute Resolution Institutions and Processes in Sustainable Land Use Management: The Case of the National Environment Tribunal and the Public Complaints Committee of Kenya
- 15 Managing the Environmental Impact of Refugees in Kenya: The Role of National Accountability and Environmental Law
- 16 Environmental Impact Assessment Law and Land Use: A Comparative Analysis of Recent Trends in the Nigerian and U.S. Oil and Gas Industry
- 17 Managing Land Use and Environmental Conflicts in Cameroon
- 18 Environmental Law Reform to Control Land Degradation in the People's Republic of China: A View of the Legal Framework of the PRC–GEF Partnership Program
- 19 Urbanization and Environmental Challenges in Pakistan
- 20 ASEAN Heritage Parks and Transboundary Biodiversity Conservation
- 21 Land Use Planning, Environmental Management, and the Garden City as an Urban Development Approach in Singapore
- 22 The Law and Preparation of Environmental Management Plans for Sustainable Development in Thailand
- 23 Nepal's Legal Initiatives on Land Use for Sustainable Development
- 24 Environmental Law and Irrigated Land in Australia
- 25 Environmental Impact Assessment: Addressing the Major Weaknesses
- 26 Protection of Natural Spaces in Brazilian Environmental Law
- 27 Land Use Planning in Mexico: As Framed by Social Development and Environmental Policies
- 28 Argentina's Constitution and General Environment Law as the Framework for Comprehensive Land Use Regulation
- 29 Ecological Economics, Sustainable Land Use, and Policy Choices
- 30 The 2004 U.S. Ocean Report and Its Implications for Land Use Reform to Improve Ocean Water Quality
- 31 Historical Overview of the American Land Use System: A Diagnostic Approach to Evaluating Governmental Land Use Control
- Index
Summary
INTRODUCTION
For decades, Tanzania has been experiencing a phenomenal urbanization, which is characterized by exploding population growth amid declining public capacities to plan and manage urban growth. The negative consequences of rapid growth include acute community infrastructure deficiencies, urban sprawl, depletion of natural resources, and aggravated environmental degradation including pollution. While the rapid urban growth trend in Tanzania, just as many other countries in sub-Saharan Africa, is largely attributed to the socioeconomic and political changes in the country, the major driving forces of urbanization have been high birth rates, wide disparities in basic services between rural and urban areas, and increasing rural poverty. According to the 2002 National Population Census, the country's urban population grew from 2.1 million (12.7 percent) in 1978 to about 10.0 million in 2002, representing about 29 percent of the total population. Dar es Salaam's primacy is more striking than that in other urban centers; since 1968 the city population has grown threefold, but more or less doubled between 1988 and 2002.
Even though urbanization is inevitable and a necessary condition for diversifying national economies and boosting productivity, the public capacity deficits in urban planning and management have given rise to severe environmental, social, and economic problems, which are often interlinked in a complex manner and cut across many sectors. The traditional instruments established since the colonial days, such as master plans and structure plans, are unable to cope with the increasing demands and challenges in urban development.
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- Land Use Law for Sustainable Development , pp. 197 - 218Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2006