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4 - The Living Church

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 March 2023

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Summary

Thanne y munte me forth the minster to knowen,

And a-waytede a woon wonderlie well y-beld

With arches on everiche half & belliche y-corven,

With crochetes on corners with knottes of gold,

Wyde wyndowes y-wrought y-written full thikke,

Schynen with schapen scheldes to schewen aboute,

With merkes of marchaunts y-medled bytwene,

Mo than twenty and two twyes y-noumbred.

Ther is none heraud that hath halt swich a rolle …

from Pierce the Ploughman's Crede

[Then I went up to see the church, and beheld it immediately wonderfully well-built with arches on every half and beautifully carved, with crocketts on corners and knots of gold, wide windows fashioned and inscribed with many names, shining with coats of arms painted in the glass, with merchants’ marks placed in between, more than twice twenty two in number. There is no herald that holds such a roll …]

The most direct and least complicated introduction to the rural will-writing community of the late fourteenth and fifteenth centuries is through the gentry, the lesser land-owning class which consisted of knights, esquires and gentlemen. In the Deanery, many gentry names become familiar quickly and easily, for their wills are among the earliest to have survived, and, in the parish churches, visual and identifiable evidence of their investment in remembrance often remains. Despite the intervening Black Death, at the end of the fourteenth century there were still many families owning land or living in the Deanery parishes which had appeared in the Nomina Villarum,a document certifying how many hundreds there were, how many boroughs, cities, counties, and who the lords were in 1316; and, during the 1380s, the gentry class expanded to embrace those with the new appellation of ‘gentleman'. During the fifteenth century, it becomes apparent that some families were steadily diluted as heiresses married and moved away from the area, taking their land holdings to be melded into larger units elsewhere. Deanery families whose names are lost to us in this period include the Cravens of Henham, the Micklefields of Blyford, the Argenteins of Halesworth, the Norwiches from Yoxford and the Banyards of Spexhall, all well known names; but just as wills and general documentation became more prolific around 1450, these families petered out.

Type
Chapter
Information
Inward Purity and Outward Splendour
Death and Remembrance in the Deanery of Dunwich, Suffolk, 1370-1547
, pp. 87 - 110
Publisher: Boydell & Brewer
Print publication year: 2001

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