Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Taxation
- 3 Money Laundering and Counterterrorism Financial Enforcement
- 4 Transnational Corruption
- 5 Transnational Organized Crime
- 6 Export Control and Economic Sanctions
- 7 Extraterritorial Jurisdiction
- 8 International Evidence Gathering
- 9 Extradition and Alternatives
- 10 International Prisoner Transfer
- 11 The United Nations
- 12 The World Bank Group
- 13 INTERPOL
- 14 Economic Integration and Business Crimes
- Index
- References
8 - International Evidence Gathering
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Taxation
- 3 Money Laundering and Counterterrorism Financial Enforcement
- 4 Transnational Corruption
- 5 Transnational Organized Crime
- 6 Export Control and Economic Sanctions
- 7 Extraterritorial Jurisdiction
- 8 International Evidence Gathering
- 9 Extradition and Alternatives
- 10 International Prisoner Transfer
- 11 The United Nations
- 12 The World Bank Group
- 13 INTERPOL
- 14 Economic Integration and Business Crimes
- Index
- References
Summary
A Hypothetical
Over the last five years, Joseph Borodillo (JB) has developed a successful financial empire, which in recent months has gained “high tech” capabilities. In particular, it has expanded from waste disposal and restaurants and night clubs to counterfeit computer software.
As part of his business enterprises, JB has established a company called SW Ltd. (SW) in Country ABC to import and distribute counterfeit software in the United States. SW buys counterfeit software from CopyIT, a small company in the Commonwealth of Lavadoria. Instead of paying CopyIT for the counterfeit software directly, SW buys computer hardware for the company.
The SW-CopyIT scheme operates as follows:
JB sells the counterfeit software and transfers the proceeds to offshore accounts.
JB then has SW use its existing account with Grande Verde in Lavadoria to order large quantities of computer equipment.
Grande Verde Lavadoria is a wholly owned subsidiary of Grande Verde, a large corporation and major government contractor. Grande Verde actually fills the contract order and receives copies of the purchase order.
JB pays Grande Verde for the computer equipment with cashier's checks drawn on several offshore banks. Some, but not all, Grande Verde executives are knowingly involved in these schemes.
Grande Verde ships the computer equipment to CopyIT's offices in Lavadoria.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- International White Collar CrimeCases and Materials, pp. 256 - 300Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2010
References
, Obtaining Evidence Abroad in Criminal Cases (Dec. 2004 updated in 2009).
(Brice De Ruyver, Gert Vermeulen, & Tom Vander Beken eds., 2002) (especially Workshop 1, Integrity of and Control on Information Exchange; Workshop 2, Transborder Operational Activities; Workshop 3, International/Regional Legal Framework for Combating Organized Crime; and Workshop 4, Intelligence Gathering in the Context of Peacekeeping Activities).
& , Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters (2000).
, Cops Across Borders: The Internationalization of U.S. Criminal Law Enforcement, Chapter 6, “International Evidence Gathering” (1993).
(Malcolm Anderson & Monica Den Boer eds.) (1994).
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Report of the Informal Expert Working Group on Mutual Assistance Casework Best Practice, Vienna: UNODC, 2001.
, Commentary on the United Nations Draft Model Law on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters, in II International Criminal Law 403–11 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 3d ed. 2008).
, & David S. Gualtieri, United States Treaties on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters, in International Criminal Law Procedural and Enforcement Mechanisms 403–56 M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 2d ed. 1999).
& , Origins and Applications of the United States-Switzerland Treaty on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters, 31 Harv. Int'L L.J. 77–98 (1990).
& , Sub-Regional Arrangements: The Benelux and Nordic Countries, in International Criminal Law Procedural and Enforcement Mechanisms 393–402 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 2d ed. 1999).
, Cooperation in Criminal Matters in Europe: Different Models and Approaches, in II International Criminal Law 455–89 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 3d ed. 2008).
, Cooperation in Penal Matters in the Commonwealth, in II International Criminal Law 413–53 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 3d ed. 2008).
, Securing Evidence Abroad: A European Perspective, in International Criminal Law Procedural and Enforcement Mechanisms 351–88 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 2d ed. 1999).
, Gathering Evidence from and for the United States, in International Criminal Law Procedural and Enforcement Mechanisms 457–88 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 2d ed. 1999).
, Obtaining Evidence of Foreign Crimes from United States Businesses, in International Trade Avoiding Criminal Risks Chapter 20 (William M. Hannay ed., 1991).
, United States Treaties on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters, in II International Criminal Law Procedural and Enforcement Mechanisms 385–402 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 3d ed. 2008).
& Papavizas, Recent Decisions by United States Courts on the Exercise of Subpoena Powers to Secure Evidence Abroad in Criminal Matters, in International Criminal Law: A Guide to U.S. Practice and Procedure 301–32 (Ved P. Nanda & M. Cherif Bassiouni eds. 1987).
, Obtaining Evidence Abroad in Criminal Cases (Dec. 2004 updated in 2009).
(Brice De Ruyver, Gert Vermeulen, & Tom Vander Beken eds., 2002) (especially Workshop 1, Integrity of and Control on Information Exchange; Workshop 2, Transborder Operational Activities; Workshop 3, International/Regional Legal Framework for Combating Organized Crime; and Workshop 4, Intelligence Gathering in the Context of Peacekeeping Activities).
& , Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters (2000).
, Cops Across Borders: The Internationalization of U.S. Criminal Law Enforcement, Chapter 6, “International Evidence Gathering” (1993).
(Malcolm Anderson & Monica Den Boer eds.) (1994).
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, Report of the Informal Expert Working Group on Mutual Assistance Casework Best Practice, Vienna: UNODC, 2001.
, Commentary on the United Nations Draft Model Law on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters, in II International Criminal Law 403–11 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 3d ed. 2008).
, & David S. Gualtieri, United States Treaties on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters, in International Criminal Law Procedural and Enforcement Mechanisms 403–56 M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 2d ed. 1999).
& , Origins and Applications of the United States-Switzerland Treaty on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters, 31 Harv. Int'L L.J. 77–98 (1990).
& , Sub-Regional Arrangements: The Benelux and Nordic Countries, in International Criminal Law Procedural and Enforcement Mechanisms 393–402 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 2d ed. 1999).
, Cooperation in Criminal Matters in Europe: Different Models and Approaches, in II International Criminal Law 455–89 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 3d ed. 2008).
, Cooperation in Penal Matters in the Commonwealth, in II International Criminal Law 413–53 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 3d ed. 2008).
, Securing Evidence Abroad: A European Perspective, in International Criminal Law Procedural and Enforcement Mechanisms 351–88 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 2d ed. 1999).
, Gathering Evidence from and for the United States, in International Criminal Law Procedural and Enforcement Mechanisms 457–88 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 2d ed. 1999).
, Obtaining Evidence of Foreign Crimes from United States Businesses, in International Trade Avoiding Criminal Risks Chapter 20 (William M. Hannay ed., 1991).
, United States Treaties on Mutual Assistance in Criminal Matters, in II International Criminal Law Procedural and Enforcement Mechanisms 385–402 (M. Cherif Bassiouni ed., 3d ed. 2008).
& Papavizas, Recent Decisions by United States Courts on the Exercise of Subpoena Powers to Secure Evidence Abroad in Criminal Matters, in International Criminal Law: A Guide to U.S. Practice and Procedure 301–32 (Ved P. Nanda & M. Cherif Bassiouni eds. 1987).